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中国农学通报 ›› 2020, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (31): 71-76.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2020-0146

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

引种俄罗斯大果沙棘构建微生境对川西北沙地植物群落与土壤的影响

杜玉龙1(), 涂卫国1(), Vladimirov Dmitrii2   

  1. 1四川省自然资源科学研究院,成都 610015
    2俄罗斯沃罗涅日国立大学,俄罗斯沃罗涅日 394000
  • 收稿日期:2020-06-03 修回日期:2020-07-22 出版日期:2020-11-05 发布日期:2020-11-20
  • 通讯作者: 涂卫国
  • 作者简介:杜玉龙,男,1970年出生,四川成都人,工程师,本科,主要从事生态咨询,环境评价等方面工作。通信地址:610015 四川省成都市一环路南二段24号,Tel:028-68107820,E-mail:5723205@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    四川省外国专家局项目“俄罗斯大果沙棘在川西北地区的引种适应性研究”(2015HH0045)

Effects of the Microhabitat Formed by Introduced Hippophae rhamnoides on Plant Community and Soil in Desert Land of Northwest Sichuan Province

Du Yulong1(), Tu Weiguo1(), Vladimirov Dmitrii2   

  1. 1Sichuan Provincial Academy of Natural Resource Sciences, Sichuan 610015
    2Voronezh State University, Voronezh 394000, Russia
  • Received:2020-06-03 Revised:2020-07-22 Online:2020-11-05 Published:2020-11-20
  • Contact: Tu Weiguo

摘要:

微生境构建被广泛应用于沙化生态系统恢复的研究中,但是极少研究关注微生境构建对高寒沙化地的恢复作用,这对高寒沙漠化生态防治极为不利。为此,在川西北高寒沙地上,引种俄罗斯大果沙棘构建单株和团块微生境用于沙化生态治理研究,探究微生境构建3年对微生境中植物类型和多样性的影响,对土壤容重、含水量、pH、有机碳、全氮、全磷、微生物生物量碳、氮、磷的影响,明确微生境构建对地上和土壤生态系统的促进效应。结果表明:构建微生境增加了灌丛和草本群落盖度,团块微生境显著增加了群落物种多样性,丰富了不同生态类型的植物种类,但构建微生境并没有改变群落优势物种;构建微生境并没有显著改善土壤容重、含水量、pH;团块微生境使土壤有机碳增加至5.55 g/kg,全氮增加至0.35 g/kg,全磷增加至0.69 g/kg,并且也显著增加了土壤微生物生物量;但是高寒沙地土壤养分依然贫瘠,需要长期的恢复来改善养分条件。大果沙棘构建的团块微生境对高寒沙地的恢复效果优良,在进行高寒沙地修复过程中,建议利用灌丛构建团块微生境来进行生态恢复。

关键词: 高寒沙化, 生物多样性, 群落盖度, 土壤养分, 微生物生物量

Abstract:

Microhabitat is wildly used to restore deserted ecosystem, but little research has been done on microhabitat restoring alpine-cold desert land. The study set a research in the desert land of northwest Sichuan, Hippophae rhamnoides was introduced from Russia to build single plant and mass plants microhabitat to restore alpine desert. Vegetation types, biodiversity, soil bulk density, water content, pH, organic carbon, total nitrogen, total phosphate, micro biomass carbon, nitrogen and phosphate were studied after three years of formed microhabitats to analyze the effect of microhabitats on vegetation community and soil ecosystem. The results showed that microhabitats increased covers of brush and herb community, mass plants microhabitat enriched biodiversity of the herb community significantly and the amounts of ecological plants, and microhabitat did not change the dominate species of herb community. Microhabitat did not influence soil bulk density, pH and soil water content. Mass plants microhabitat increased soil organic to 5.55 g/kg, total nitrogen to 0.35 g/kg and total phosphate to 0.69 g/kg, and increased soil microbial biomass. However, the soil of alpine desert land was still barren and needed a long time to be restored. Thus, mass plants microhabitat formed by H. rhamnoides has a better function of restoring than single plant microhabitat, and could be used to restore alpine-cold desert land.

Key words: alpine-cold desert land, biodiversity, cover of vegetation community, soil nutrient, microbial biomass

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