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中国农学通报 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (17): 81-88.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0754

所属专题: 生物技术 资源与环境 农业气象

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

百色市冬季农业气候资源变化特征及未来趋势预估

张惠景(), 周秀华2(), 秦川2   

  1. 1 广西壮族自治区气象台,南宁 530022
    2 广西壮族自治区气候中心,南宁 530022
  • 收稿日期:2023-11-08 修回日期:2024-04-19 出版日期:2024-06-15 发布日期:2024-06-11
  • 通讯作者:
    周秀华,女,1987年出生,广西临桂人,高级工程师,硕士,研究方向为气候预测。通信地址:530022 广西南宁市民族大道81号 广西壮族自治区气候中心,Tel:0771-5576806,E-mail:
  • 作者简介:

    张惠景,女,1996年出生,广西南宁人,助理工程师,硕士,研究方向为天气预报与气候变化。通信地址:530022 广西南宁市民族大道81号 广西壮族自治区气象台,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    广西自然科学基金(2020GXNSFAA297122); 国家自然科学基金(41565005)

Variation Characteristics and Trend Prediction of Winter Agroclimatic Resources in Baise City

ZHANG Huijing(), ZHOU Xiuhua2(), QIN Chuan2   

  1. 1 Guangxi Meteorological Observatory, Nanning 530022
    2 Guangxi Climate Center, Nanning 530022
  • Received:2023-11-08 Revised:2024-04-19 Published:2024-06-15 Online:2024-06-11

摘要:

为了应对气候变化对农业气候资源的影响,本研究围绕百色市冬季农业气候资源的合理开发利用展开。基于1970年12月—2023年2月期间,百色市12个国家气象观测站的逐日平均气温、降水量、日照时数数据,以及高分辨率区域气候模式RegCM4.4预估数据,采用线性趋势分析、Mann-Kendall突变检验、小波分析等方法,深入探讨了百色市冬季农业气候资源的分布特性、历史演变规律及未来变化趋势。研究发现,(1)百色市冬季热量资源较丰富,平均气温、≥10℃积温以右江河谷最高,北部山区最低;降水量具有南部多、北部少的特点;日照时数右江河谷北部和中部普遍高于其他地区。(2)1971—2023年百色市冬季气候呈暖湿化的趋势,冬季平均气温、≥10℃积温总体上均呈显著上升趋势,变化速率分别为0.18℃/10a、27.30℃·d/10a,均在1991年左右出现增高突变;降水量总体呈显著增加趋势,变化速率为5.27 mm/10a,在2010年出现增多突变;冬季日照时数呈显著减少趋势,变化速率为-10.36 h/10a。研究时段内4个要素均存在10~16 a的年代际尺度变化周期。(3)未来变化预估结果显示,在RCP4.5和RCP8.5情景下,2024—2080年百色市冬季平均气温和≥10℃积温均呈显著上升趋势,降水量变化趋势不显著;日照时数在RCP4.5情景下呈显著增加趋势。气候变暖给百色市冬季农业生产带来更好的热量条件,但降水量、日照时数波动变化较大,可能增加农业生产的不稳定性。

关键词: 气候变化, 百色市, 冬季, 农业气候资源, 预估, 线性趋势分析, Mann-Kendall突变检验, 小波分析

Abstract:

To adapt to climate change and develop and utilize winter agroclimatic resources in Baise city properly, based on the daily observation data of average temperature, precipitation and sunshine duration from 12 national meteorological stations during December 1970 to February 2023 in Baise City, the distribution characteristics, evolution and future change trend of winter agroclimatic resources in Baise City were analyzed by using linear trend analysis, Mann-Kendall mutation test, wavelet analysis. The results indicated that: (1) Baise City had abundant heat resources in winter. The average temperature and accumulated temperature ≥10℃ were the highest in Youjiang River Valley and the lowest in northern mountainous area. The precipitation was more in the south and less in the north. Sunshine duration in the north and middle of Youjiang River Valley were generally higher than those in other areas. (2) From 1971 to 2023, the winter climate of Baise showed a warm and humid trend, and the average winter temperature and accumulated temperature ≥10℃ showed a significant upward trend in general, with the rates of 0.18 ℃/10a and 27.30 ℃·d/10a respectively, and both showed an abrupt increase around 1991. Precipitation showed a significant increasing trend with a rate of 5.27 mm/10a, with a sudden increase in 2010. The sunshine duration in winter showed a significant decreasing trend, and the change rate was -10.36h /10a. In the study period, the four factors all had an interdecadal scale change cycle of 10 to 16 years. (3) The results of projection show that under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios, the average winter temperature and accumulated temperature ≥10℃ in Baise City during 2024-2080 show a significant upward trend, while the trend of precipitation is not significant. Sunshine duration increases significantly under RCP4.5. Climate warming brings better heat conditions to winter agricultural production in Baise City, but the fluctuation of precipitation and sunshine duration is great, which increases the instability of agricultural production.

Key words: climate change, Baise City, winter, agroclimatic resources, projection, linear trend analysis, mann-kendall mutation test, wavelet analysis