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中国农学通报 ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (34): 14-21.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0022

所属专题: 生物技术 油料作物

• 农学·农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

2002—2021年内蒙古自治区大豆主要性状变化分析及综合评价

余忠浩1(), 周伟1, 李志刚1, 李资文1, 贾娟霞2, 周亚星1()   

  1. 1内蒙古民族大学农学院,内蒙古通辽 028000
    2通辽市农牧科学研究所,内蒙古通辽 028000
  • 收稿日期:2022-01-07 修回日期:2022-06-15 出版日期:2022-12-05 发布日期:2022-11-25
  • 通讯作者: 周亚星
  • 作者简介:余忠浩,男,1998年出生,内蒙古巴彦淖尔人,在读硕士研究生,从事作物遗传育种研究。通信地址:028000 内蒙古自治区通辽市科尔沁区西拉木伦大街西996号 内蒙古民族大学农学院,E-mail:yzh2370@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    内蒙古自治区科技计划储备项目“内蒙古东部区杂交大豆产业化技术开发与示范”(2018MDCB02);内蒙古民族大学科研基金项目“西辽河流域特色农作物品种演变研究”(BS621);种业科技创新助力内蒙古保障国家粮食安全研究、内蒙古自治区哲学社会科学规划项目“自治区第十一次党代会精神研究”(2022ZZB001)

Analysis and Comprehensive Evaluation of Main Traits of Soybean in Inner Mongolia from 2002 to 2021

YU Zhonghao1(), ZHOU Wei1, LI Zhigang1, LI Ziwen1, JIA Juanxia2, ZHOU Yaxing1()   

  1. 1Agricultural College, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia 028000
    2Tongliao Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Science Institute, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia 028000
  • Received:2022-01-07 Revised:2022-06-15 Online:2022-12-05 Published:2022-11-25
  • Contact: ZHOU Yaxing

摘要:

综合分析内蒙古自治区大豆品种农艺性状与品质性状,旨在为内蒙古自治区品种选育中亲本选择及筛选优良品种提供理论参考。运用相关性分析、主成分分析、TOPSIS分析和聚类分析等方法对内蒙古自治区109份大豆品种6个性状指标进行综合分析。结果表明,6个性状的遗传多样性指数为2.5964~2.8692,变异系数为6.79%~20.1%,其中蛋白质含量变异系数最低,遗传最为稳定。通过主成分分析选出3个主成分,累计遗传贡献率为79.98%,并构建优良品种评价方程S=0.48S1+0.31S2+0.21S3。运用主成分分析和TOPSIS分析选出7个综合排名靠前的品种,可在新品种选育中作为优良亲本使用。通过聚类分析将109份大豆品种分为5类,其中第Ⅰ类综合性状最好,可作为内蒙古自治区的优良大豆品种,第Ⅴ类仅有‘登科2号’具有极短的生育期,可在无霜期短的地区进行推广或者参与极早熟品种的选育。内蒙古自治区大豆品种类型繁杂多样,大豆育种水平也在逐年提高,但是高品质大豆品种匮乏,还需着重关注大豆高油、高蛋白育种,并且选育亲本大多来源于黑龙江省和吉林省,而本地品种并没有得到有效开发和利用,这也是限制内蒙古自治区大豆育种进一步提高的关键因素。

关键词: 大豆, 主成分分析, TOPSIS分析, 聚类分析, 评价

Abstract:

The paper aims to comprehensively analyze the agronomic and quality traits of soybean varieties in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, and to provide theoretical reference for the selection of parents and superior varieties for future breeding of soybean varieties in Inner Mongolia. Correlation analysis, principal component analysis, TOPSIS analysis and cluster analysis were used to comprehensively analyze 6 traits of 109 soybean varieties in Inner Mongolia. The genetic diversity index of the 6 traits ranged from 2.5964 to 2.8692, the coefficient of variation ranged from 6.79% to 20.1%, in which the variation coefficient of protein content was the lowest and the heredity was the most stable. Three principal components were selected by principal component analysis, the cumulative genetic contribution rate was 79.98%, and the evaluation equation S=0.48S1+0.31S2+0.21S3 was established. Using principal component analysis and TOPSIS analysis, 7 varieties with high comprehensive ranking were selected, which could be used as good parents in future new variety breeding. The 109 soybean varieties were divided into five groups by cluster analysis. The Ⅰ group had the best comprehensive character and could be regarded as the excellent soybean varieties in Inner Mongolia, while the Ⅴ group had only one variety ‘Dengke 2’ with a very short growth period, which could be promoted in areas with short frost-free period or participate in the breeding of extremely early maturing varieties. Soybean varieties in Inner Mongolia are diverse and the soybean breeding level is also improved year by year, but there is a lack of high-quality soybean varieties, so it is necessary to pay more attention to soybean breeding with high oil and high protein contents. The selected parents are mostly from Heilongjiang Province and Jilin Province, and the local soybean varieties have not been well developed and utilized, this is also a key factor restricting the further improvement of soybean breeding in Inner Mongolia.

Key words: soybean, principal component analysis, TOPSIS analysis, clustering analysis, evaluation

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