氯啶菌酯与氟啶胺混剂对稻瘟病菌的联合毒力及田间防效

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb20191100798

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探明氯啶菌酯与氟啶胺混剂对稻瘟病菌的联合毒力及田间防效,开发防治稻瘟病的新药剂,采用菌丝生长速率法分别检测氯啶菌酯、氟啶胺及其7种配比混剂对稻瘟病菌的毒力,并进行最佳配比制剂的田间药效试验。结果表明,氯啶菌酯、氟啶胺及其配比为4:1、3:1、2:1、1:1、1:2、1:3和1:4的混剂对稻瘟病菌菌丝生长抑制的EC₅₀分别为1.4417、0.5445、0.2313、0.2693、0.1695、0.4151、0.2796、0.3395和0.3428 μg/mL,7种混剂的增效系数分别为4.69、3.79、5.49、1.90、2.46、1.90和1.81,氯啶菌酯与氟啶胺配比为2:1增效作用最显著。田间药效试验中,各处理对稻穗瘟防效由高到低依次为30%氯啶菌酯?氟啶胺SC 600 mL/hm²、30%氯啶菌酯?氟啶胺SC 450 mL/hm²、30%氯啶菌酯SC 450 mL/hm²、75%三环唑WP 300 g/hm²、30%氯啶菌酯?氟啶胺SC 300 mL/hm²、40%稻瘟灵EC 1200 g/hm²、30%氟啶胺SC 450 mL/hm²,防效分别为88.39%、83.40%、80.22%、72.91%、71.28%、65.09%和60.79%,并且均对水稻生长安全。30%氯啶菌酯?氟啶胺SC 600 mL/hm²对稻瘟病防效优良,对水稻生长安全,可开发为稻瘟病防治药剂。

关键词: 稻瘟病, 氯啶菌酯, 氟啶胺, 联合毒力, 防治效果

Abstract:

To explore a new reagent for controlling rice blast, the co-toxicity and field control efficacy of mixtures of pyrisoxazole and fluazinam on Magnaporthe grisea in rice were measured. The indoor toxicity of pyrisoxazole, fluazinam and their seven mixtures on M. grisea in rice was detected by using mycelium growth rate method, and the field control tests of the optimum formulation to rice panicle blast was conducted. The results of indoor toxicity tests showed that the EC₅₀values of pyrisoxazole, fluazinam and their seven mixtures at the ratio of 4:1, 3:1, 2:1, 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, and 1:4 on M. grisea were 1.4417, 0.5445, 0.2313, 0.2693, 0.1695, 0.4151, 0.2796, 0.3395 and 0.3428 μg/mL, respectively, and the synergistic coefficients were 4.69, 3.79, 5.49, 1.90, 2.46, 1.90, and 1.81, respectively. The mixture at the ratio of 2:1 had the highest synergism. The results of the field control efficacy showed that the control efficacy was in the following order: 30% pyrisoxazole·fluazinam SC 600 mL/hm ²> 30% pyrisoxazole·fluazinam SC 450 mL/hm²> 30% pyrisoxazole SC 450 mL/hm²> 75% tricyclazole WP 300 g/hm²> 30% pyrisoxazole·fluazinam SC 300 mL/hm²> 40% isoprothiolane EC 1200 mL/hm²> 30% fluazinam SC 450 mL/hm², and their field control efficacy were 88.39%, 83.40%, 80.22%, 72.91%, 71.28%, 65.09%, and 60.79%, respectively, and all treatments were safe for rice growth. 30% pyrisoxazole·fluazinam SC 600 mL/hm²has excellent control efficacy on rice blast and is safe for rice growth, which can be developed as a rice blast control agent.

Key words: rice blast, pyrisoxazole, fluazinam, co-toxicity, control efficacy

中图分类号:

S435.111

陈宏州, 张建华, 杨红福, 周华飞, 缪康, 束兆林, 姚克兵. 氯啶菌酯与氟啶胺混剂对稻瘟病菌的联合毒力及田间防效[J]. 中国农学通报, 2020, 36(28): 124-130.

Chen Hongzhou, Zhang Jianhua, Yang Hongfu, Zhou Huafei, Miao Kang, Shu Zhaolin, Yao Kebing. Co-toxicity and Field Control Efficacy of Mixtures of Pyrisoxazole and Fluazinam to Blast Fungus Magnaporthe grisea in Rice[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2020, 36(28): 124-130.

图/表 3

参考文献 27

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药剂	药剂浓度/(μg/mL)			处理菌落直径/mm								直径均值/mm		平均抑菌率/%
药剂	药剂浓度/(μg/mL)			1		2		3		4		直径均值/mm		平均抑菌率/%
氯啶菌酯	5.000			18×20		20×21		19×20		19×20		19.63		69.13
	2.500			26×26		26×28		25×26		26×27		26.25		56.05
	1.250			31×32		32×32		31×33		32×33		32.00		44.70
	0.625			34×35		35×35		35×36		36×36		35.25		38.28
	0.313			38×39		38×38		38×39		38×39		38.38		32.10
氟啶胺	5.000			9×9		9×10		9×9		9×10		9.25		89.63
	2.500			14×14		14×15		13×15		14×15		14.25		79.76
	1.250			19×20		20×20		18×20		19×20		19.50		69.39
	0.625			29×30		30×30		30×30		30×30		29.88		48.88
	0.313			33×35		34×35		33×35		34×35		34.25		40.25
氯啶菌酯:氟啶胺(4:1)	1.250			8×8		10×10		9×10		10×10		9.38		89.37
	0.625			20×20		20×20		19×20		18×20		19.63		69.13
	0.313			29×30		30×30		29×29		29×30		29.50		49.63
	0.156			35×35		35×35		33×35		35×35		34.75		39.27
	0.078			39×39		39×40		40×40		39×40		39.50		29.88
氯啶菌酯:氟啶胺(3:1)		1.250	12×12		13×13		12×12		12×13		12.38		83.45
		0.625	22×22		22×22		21×22		22×22		21.88		64.68
		0.313	29×30		30×30		29×30		30×30		29.75		49.14
		0.156	35×36		36×36		35×36		36×36		35.75		37.29
		0.078	40×40		41×41		40×41		41×41		40.63		27.65
氯啶菌酯:氟啶胺(2:1)		1.250	6×6		6×6		6×6		6×7		6.13		95.79
		0.625	15×16		16×16		15×16		16×16		15.75		76.79
		0.313	25×26		26×26		24×25		25×26		25.38		57.77
		0.156	32×33		31×32		31×33		32×33		32.13		44.44
		0.078	36×38		35×36		35×35		35×36		35.75		37.29
氯啶菌酯:氟啶胺(1:1)		1.250	17×17		16×17		15×17		17×17		16.63		75.05
		0.625	25×25		25×26		23×25		25×26		25.00		58.52
		0.313	34×34		33×34		33×35		34×35		34.00		40.75
		0.156	40×40		40×41		40×41		41×41		40.50		27.91
		0.078	45×45		45×45		44×45		45×45		44.88		19.26
氯啶菌酯:氟啶胺(1:2)		1.250	6×6		6×6		6×6		6×6		6.00		96.05
		0.625	20×20		20×21		20×20		20×21		20.25		67.90
		0.313	34×34		33×34		33×35		33×34		33.75		41.24
		0.156	40×40		40×41		40×41		41×41		40.50		27.91
		0.078	45×46		46×47		44×45		45×45		45.38		18.27
氯啶菌酯:氟啶胺(1:3)		1.250	9×9		10×10		9×10		10×10		9.63		88.88
		0.625	20×20		19×20		18×19		19×20		19.38		69.62
		0.313	35×36		36×36		34×35		35×35		35.25		38.28
		0.156	42×43		43×43		42×42		42×43		42.50		23.96
		0.078	47×47		47×48		47×48		48×48		47.50		14.08
氯啶菌酯：氟啶胺(1:4)		1.250	12×12		12×12		11×12		12×12		11.88		84.44
		0.625	20×20		20×20		18×20		20×20		19.75		68.89
		0.313	33×35		35×35		33×34		33×35		34.13		40.49
		0.156	41×42		41×41		40×41		41×41		41.00		26.92
		0.078	46×47		47×47		45×47		46×47		46.50		16.06
CK		0	54×55		55×55		54×55		54×55		54.63

药剂	药剂浓度/(μg/mL)			处理菌落直径/mm								直径均值/mm		平均抑菌率/%
药剂	药剂浓度/(μg/mL)			1		2		3		4		直径均值/mm		平均抑菌率/%
氯啶菌酯	5.000			18×20		20×21		19×20		19×20		19.63		69.13
	2.500			26×26		26×28		25×26		26×27		26.25		56.05
	1.250			31×32		32×32		31×33		32×33		32.00		44.70
	0.625			34×35		35×35		35×36		36×36		35.25		38.28
	0.313			38×39		38×38		38×39		38×39		38.38		32.10
氟啶胺	5.000			9×9		9×10		9×9		9×10		9.25		89.63
	2.500			14×14		14×15		13×15		14×15		14.25		79.76
	1.250			19×20		20×20		18×20		19×20		19.50		69.39
	0.625			29×30		30×30		30×30		30×30		29.88		48.88
	0.313			33×35		34×35		33×35		34×35		34.25		40.25
氯啶菌酯:氟啶胺(4:1)	1.250			8×8		10×10		9×10		10×10		9.38		89.37
	0.625			20×20		20×20		19×20		18×20		19.63		69.13
	0.313			29×30		30×30		29×29		29×30		29.50		49.63
	0.156			35×35		35×35		33×35		35×35		34.75		39.27
	0.078			39×39		39×40		40×40		39×40		39.50		29.88
氯啶菌酯:氟啶胺(3:1)		1.250	12×12		13×13		12×12		12×13		12.38		83.45
		0.625	22×22		22×22		21×22		22×22		21.88		64.68
		0.313	29×30		30×30		29×30		30×30		29.75		49.14
		0.156	35×36		36×36		35×36		36×36		35.75		37.29
		0.078	40×40		41×41		40×41		41×41		40.63		27.65
氯啶菌酯:氟啶胺(2:1)		1.250	6×6		6×6		6×6		6×7		6.13		95.79
		0.625	15×16		16×16		15×16		16×16		15.75		76.79
		0.313	25×26		26×26		24×25		25×26		25.38		57.77
		0.156	32×33		31×32		31×33		32×33		32.13		44.44
		0.078	36×38		35×36		35×35		35×36		35.75		37.29
氯啶菌酯:氟啶胺(1:1)		1.250	17×17		16×17		15×17		17×17		16.63		75.05
		0.625	25×25		25×26		23×25		25×26		25.00		58.52
		0.313	34×34		33×34		33×35		34×35		34.00		40.75
		0.156	40×40		40×41		40×41		41×41		40.50		27.91
		0.078	45×45		45×45		44×45		45×45		44.88		19.26
氯啶菌酯:氟啶胺(1:2)		1.250	6×6		6×6		6×6		6×6		6.00		96.05
		0.625	20×20		20×21		20×20		20×21		20.25		67.90
		0.313	34×34		33×34		33×35		33×34		33.75		41.24
		0.156	40×40		40×41		40×41		41×41		40.50		27.91
		0.078	45×46		46×47		44×45		45×45		45.38		18.27
氯啶菌酯:氟啶胺(1:3)		1.250	9×9		10×10		9×10		10×10		9.63		88.88
		0.625	20×20		19×20		18×19		19×20		19.38		69.62
		0.313	35×36		36×36		34×35		35×35		35.25		38.28
		0.156	42×43		43×43		42×42		42×43		42.50		23.96
		0.078	47×47		47×48		47×48		48×48		47.50		14.08
氯啶菌酯：氟啶胺(1:4)		1.250	12×12		12×12		11×12		12×12		11.88		84.44
		0.625	20×20		20×20		18×20		20×20		19.75		68.89
		0.313	33×35		35×35		33×34		33×35		34.13		40.49
		0.156	41×42		41×41		40×41		41×41		41.00		26.92
		0.078	46×47		47×47		45×47		46×47		46.50		16.06
CK		0	54×55		55×55		54×55		54×55		54.63

药剂	回归方程	相关系数r	EC₅₀(Eob)(95%置信限)/(μg/mL)	EC₅₀(Eth)/(μg/mL)	增效系数SR
氯啶菌酯	y=4.8744+0.7908x	0.9850	1.4417(1.1848~1.7545)
氟啶胺	y=5.3401+1.2884x	0.9942	0.5445(0.4653~0.6373)
氯啶菌酯:氟啶胺(4:1)	y=5.9119+1.4340x	0.9706	0.2313(0.1734~0.3084)	1.0844	4.69
氯啶菌酯:氟啶胺(3:1)	y=5.7246+1.2718x	0.9857	0.2693(0.2222~0.3264)	1.0211	3.79
氯啶菌酯:氟啶胺(2:1)	y=6.2723+1.6508x	0.9534	0.1695(0.1121~0.2565)	0.9306	5.49
氯啶菌酯:氟啶胺(1:1)	y=5.4931+1.2911x	0.9949	0.4151(0.3694~0.4664)	0.7905	1.90
氯啶菌酯:氟啶胺(1:2)	y=6.1708+2.1154x	0.9541	0.2796(0.1969~0.3970)	0.6870	2.46
氯啶菌酯:氟啶胺(1:3)	y=5.9055+1.9301x	0.9860	0.3395(0.2812~0.4099)	0.6448	1.90
氯啶菌酯:氟啶胺(1:4)	y=5.7898+1.6986x	0.9911	0.3428(0.2951~0.3982)	0.6219	1.81

药剂	回归方程	相关系数r	EC₅₀(Eob)(95%置信限)/(μg/mL)	EC₅₀(Eth)/(μg/mL)	增效系数SR
氯啶菌酯	y=4.8744+0.7908x	0.9850	1.4417(1.1848~1.7545)
氟啶胺	y=5.3401+1.2884x	0.9942	0.5445(0.4653~0.6373)
氯啶菌酯:氟啶胺(4:1)	y=5.9119+1.4340x	0.9706	0.2313(0.1734~0.3084)	1.0844	4.69
氯啶菌酯:氟啶胺(3:1)	y=5.7246+1.2718x	0.9857	0.2693(0.2222~0.3264)	1.0211	3.79
氯啶菌酯:氟啶胺(2:1)	y=6.2723+1.6508x	0.9534	0.1695(0.1121~0.2565)	0.9306	5.49
氯啶菌酯:氟啶胺(1:1)	y=5.4931+1.2911x	0.9949	0.4151(0.3694~0.4664)	0.7905	1.90
氯啶菌酯:氟啶胺(1:2)	y=6.1708+2.1154x	0.9541	0.2796(0.1969~0.3970)	0.6870	2.46
氯啶菌酯:氟啶胺(1:3)	y=5.9055+1.9301x	0.9860	0.3395(0.2812~0.4099)	0.6448	1.90
氯啶菌酯:氟啶胺(1:4)	y=5.7898+1.6986x	0.9911	0.3428(0.2951~0.3982)	0.6219	1.81

处理	重复	药后30 d各级稻穗瘟调查结果									平均病指	平均防效/%
处理	重复	1级	2级	3级	4级		5级		总穗数		平均病指	平均防效/%
30%氯啶菌酯?氟啶胺SC 600 mL/hm²	I	6	3	1	1		0		284		1.35	88.39a
	II	5	2	1	1		0		281
	III	8	2	2	1		0		279
30%氯啶菌酯?氟啶胺SC 450 mL/hm²	I	8	5	2	1		0		269		1.93	83.40b
	II	9	5	1	1		0		278
	III	7	4	1	2		0		283
30%氯啶菌酯SC 450 mL/hm²	I	10	4	2	1		0		286		2.30	80.22b
	II	12	5	3	2		0		279
	III	11	4	1	2		0		280
75%三环唑WP 300 g/hm²	I	13	5	2	3		1		286		3.15	72.91c
	II	14	6	3	1		0		279
	III	11	6	4	2		1		280
30%氯啶菌酯?氟啶胺SC 300 mL/hm²	I	13	7	3	2	1		284		3.34		71.28c
	II	14	5	4	1	1		281
	III	12	6	5	2	0		279
40%稻瘟灵EC 1200 mL/hm²	I	14	7	6	2	1		283		4.06		65.09d
	II	13	8	5	1	2		281
	III	16	7	5	1	1		278
30%氟啶胺SC 450 mL/hm²	I	15	10	7	3	1		283		4.56		60.79d
	II	18	7	5	2	1		281
	III	17	5	5	3	1		277
CK	I	21	5	11	7	18		281		11.63		—
	II	26	7	9	4	15		278
	III	31	5	7	6	13		286