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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (10): 27-33.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0694

• 农学·农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

种植密度对永州雪茄烟株生长发育及烟叶品质的影响

陈远博1(), 时向东1, 郭文龙2, 丁建冰2, 刘峰2, 黄琼慧2, 陈姹颖1, 童聆珲1, 丁松爽1()   

  1. 1 河南农业大学烟草行业烟草栽培重点实验室， 郑州 450046
    2 湖南省烟草公司永州市公司， 湖南永州 425000
  • 收稿日期:2025-08-19 修回日期:2026-04-16 出版日期:2026-05-25 发布日期:2026-05-27
  • 通讯作者:
    丁松爽，女，1982年出生，河南南阳人，副教授，博士，研究方向：雪茄烟方向。通信地址：450046 河南省郑州市金水区河南农业大学，E-mail：
  • 作者简介:

    陈远博，男，2003年出生，湖北襄阳人，硕士在读，研究方向：雪茄烟栽培生理生化。通信地址：450046 河南省郑州市金水区河南农业大学，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    湖南省烟草公司永州市公司科技项目“永州阳明雪茄烟叶发酵技术研究与应用”(2024431100240082)

Effect of Planting Density on Growth and Development and Leaf Quality of Cigar Tobacco Plants in Yongzhou

CHEN Yuanbo1(), SHI Xiangdong1, GUO Wenlong2, DING Jianbing2, LIU Feng2, HUANG Qionghui2, CHEN Chaying1, TONG Linghui1, DING Songshuang1()   

  1. 1 Key Laboratory of Tobacco Cultivation in Tobacco Industry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046
    2 Yongzhou Branch of Hunan Tobacco Company, Yongzhou, Hunan 425000
  • Received:2025-08-19 Revised:2026-04-16 Published:2026-05-25 Online:2026-05-27

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摘要：

永州雪茄烟产区存在适宜种植密度不明确、烟叶品质调控技术缺乏等问题。为筛选适配当地生态条件的最优密度、提升雪茄烟叶品质与工业可用性，以‘湘雪1号’为材料，在湖南省永州市双牌县五里牌镇试验田设置23805株/hm2(T1)、20835株/hm2(T2)、18525株/hm2(T3)共3个种植密度，系统分析各处理对烟株农艺性状、发酵烟叶外观质量、物理特性、常规化学成分、感官质量及中性致香物质的影响。结果表明，T2处理烟株株高最高，烟叶的外观质量表现较好，具体为色度较强、颜色较均匀、支脉细而平伏，青杂最少。种植密度对雪茄烟叶物理特性的影响主要表现为叶质重和平衡含水率随着种植密度的减小而增加。各处理发酵后烟叶的钾氯比、糖碱比、两糖比、氮碱比随着种植密度的减小先升高后降低。T2处理甜润感和燃烧性好、杂气小、灰色灰白，感官质量得分最高。此外，烟叶中性致香物质总量随着种植密度的减小先增加后降低，T2处理烟叶中性致香物质含量最高。综上所述，20835株/hm2为永州市双牌县五里牌镇雪茄烟的适宜种植密度，该密度下烟株生长健壮、烟叶内外品质协调、香气物质丰富。研究结果可为永州雪茄烟标准化栽培提供技术依据，后续可开展密度与施肥、打顶等措施的配套优化研究。

关键词: 种植密度, 雪茄烟叶, 烟株生长发育, 烟叶质量, 农艺性状, 化学成分, 中性致香物质, 永州

Abstract:

There are some problems in Yongzhou cigar production area, such as unclear suitable planting density and lack of quality control technology of tobacco leaves. To screen the suitable planting density and improve the quality and industrial availability of cigar tobacco in Yongzhou, using the variety ‘Xiangxue-1’ as the material, the effects of planting density on the growth and development of cigar tobacco plants and the quality of tobacco leaves were investigated. Three treatments were set up in the experimental field in Wulipai Town, Shuangpai County, Hunan Province: 23805 plants/hm2 (T1), 20835 plants/hm2 (T2), and 18525 plants/hm2 (T3). A field plot experiment was conducted to study the agronomic traits of the tobacco plants in each treatment and the appearance quality, physical properties, conventional chemical components, sensory quality, and neutral aroma substances of the tobacco leaves after fermentation. The results showed that the plant in treatment T2 had the greatest height, and the appearance quality of the tobacco leaves in this treatment was the best, characterized by strong color intensity, uniform color, fine and flat veins, and the least green and impurities; the effect of planting density on the physical properties of cigar tobacco leaves was mainly manifested as an increase in leaf weight and equilibrium moisture content with the decrease in planting density; the potassium-chlorine ratio, sugar-alkaloid ratio, two-sugar ratio, and nitrogen-alkaloid ratio of the tobacco leaves after fermentation in each treatment increased first and then decreased with the decrease in planting density; treatment T2 had the best sensory quality, with good sweetness and burning properties, less impurities, and grayish-white color; in addition, the total amount of neutral aroma substances in the tobacco leaves increased first and then decreased with the decrease in planting density, and the content of neutral aroma substances in the tobacco leaves of treatment T2 was the highest. In conclusion, 20835 plants/hm2 is the suitable planting density for cigar tobacco in Wulipai Town, Shuangpai County, Yongzhou City. Under this density, the tobacco plants grow robustly, the internal and external quality of tobacco leaves is coordinated, and the aroma substances are abundant. The research results can provide technical basis for standardized cultivation of cigar in Yongzhou, and the matching optimization of density, fertilization and topping can be carried out in the future.

Key words: planting density, cigar tobacco, growth and development of tobacco plants, quality of tobacco leaves, agronomic traits, chemical constituents, neutral aroma substances, Yongzhou

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