Abstract: The paper aims to explore rational fertilization method for corn production in northeast black earth region, reduce nitrogen loss caused by excessive application of fertilizer, and provide basis for rational application of nitrogen fertilizer. The authors set up five treatments in Fangzheng County, Heilongjiang Province, to study the effect of different fertilizer application amounts on soil nutrient and maize yield in black earth region. The results showed that the treatment of 25% fertilizer reduction had the highest corn yield. The nitrate nitrogen residual quantity increased with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer application amount, nitrate nitrogen content showed significant differences among different maize growth periods and soil layers. Fertilizer reduction had little effect on available nitrogen content. Nitrate nitrogen and available nitrogen content all showed decrease trend with the increase of soil layer. The reduction of nitrogen fertilizer application amount had no significant effect on soil organic matter. The reduction of fertilizer had little effect on soil available phosphorus in surface soil, soil available phosphorus in 10-30 cm soil layer and fertilizer application amount had no obvious regularity. Considering maize yield and ecological environmental benefits, the treatment of 25% fertilizer reduction was the best.