Pollution of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16090037

Abstract

Abstract: Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), new environmental persistent organic pollutant, are widely used in daily life as brominated flame retardants. In recent years, PBDEs have been detected in a variety of environmental media and human bodies around the world. PBDEs pollution near the e-waste dismantling area, sewage outfall and large industrial zone is the most serious. Having the characteristics of biological accumulation, environmental persistence and biological toxicity, PBDEs cause the environmental and health problems which are widely concerned. Along the two chains of water - sediment - edible animal - human and atmosphere - human, we reviewed the recent pollution status of PBDEs in environmental media and human, pollution sources, bioaccumulation characteristics and exposure scenarios of PBDEs in diet and daily life of human. By comparing the pollution level of PBDEs in China and foreign countries, we revealed problems at the present and proposed corresponding countermeasures, which would provide a reference for further research, such as environmental toxicology and ecological risk assessment, of PBDEs in China,.

CLC Number:

References

[1]European Commission.SBrussels, 31.1.2012 COM (2011) 876 final 2011/0429 (COD) Proposal for a Directive of the Europ-ean Parliament and of the Council amending Directives 2000/60/EC and 2008/105/EC as regards priority substances in the field of water policy [EB/OL]. [2012-1-31]. http://ec.europa.eu/smart-regulation/impact/ia_carried_out/docs/ia_2012/com_2011_0876_en.pdf
[2]Wit C A D, Herzke D, Vorkamp K. Brominated flame retardants in the Arctic environment-trends and new candidates [J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2010, 408: 2885-2918
[3]周冰, 仇雁翎. 多溴联苯醚及其环境行为 [J]. 环境科学与技术, 2008, 31(5): 57-61 Zhou B, Qiu YL. Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers and Its Environmental Behavior [J].Environmental Science Technolog-y, 2008, 31(5): 57-61
[4]邱孟德, 邓代永, 余乐洹, 等. 典型电器工业区河涌沉积物中的多溴联苯醚空间和垂直分布 [J]. 环境科学, 2012, 33(2): 580-586 Qiu MD, Deng DY, Yu LH, et al. Horizontal and Vertical Distribution of Polybromin-ated Diphenyl Ethers (PBDEs) in River Sediment from a Typical Electrical EquipmentIndustrial Area [J]. Environmental Science, 2012, 33(2): 580-586
[5]United Nations Environment Programme. The 9 new POPs. An introduction to the nine chemicals added to the Stockholm Convention by the Conference of the Parties at its fourth meeting [EB/OL]. [2010-8]. http://chm.pops.int/Implementation/NewPOPs/Publications/tabid/695/Default.aspx
[6]Environmental Working Group. Pollution in minority newborns: BPA and other cord blood pollutant [EB/OL]. [2009-11-23]. http://www.ewg.org/research/minority-cord-blood-report/bpa-and-other-cord-blood-pollutants
[7]Kuriyama SN, Talsness CE, Grote K, et al. Developmental exposure to low-dose PBDE-99: effects on male fertility and neurobehavior in rat offspring [J]. Environmental Health Perspectives, 2005, 113(2): 149-154
[8]Hooper K, McDonald TA. The PBDEs: an emerging environmental challenge and another reason for breast-milk monitoring programs [J]. Environmental Health Perspectives,2000, 108(5): 387-392
[9]Chen Q, Yu L, Yang L, et al. Bioconcentration and metabolism of decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209) result in thyroid endocrine disruption in zebrafish larvae [J]. Aquatic Toxicology, 2012, (110-111C): 141-148.
[10]Herbstman JB, Sj?din A, Kurzon M, et al. Prenatal exposure to PBDEs and neurodevelopment [J]. Environmental Health Perspectives, 2010, 118(5): 712-719.
[11]黄铸颖, 李海燕, 吴启航, 等. 溴代阻燃剂环境污染及毒性研究进展 [J]. 环境与健康杂志, 2014, 31(11): 1026-1032 Huang ZY, Li HY, Wu QH, et al. Environmental pollution and toxicity of brominated flame retardants: a review of recent studies [J]. J Environ Health, 2014, 31(11): 1026-1032
[12]Yu ZQ, Liao RE, Mo LG, et al. Particle-bound dechlorane plus and polybrominated diphenyl ethers in ambient air around Shanghai, China [J]. Environmental Pollution, 2011, 159(10): 2982-2988
[13]金军, 王英, 刘志伟. 莱州湾地区土壤及底泥中多溴联苯醚水平及其分布 [J]. 环境科学学报, 2008, 28(7): 1463-1468 Jin J, Wang Y, Liu ZW, et al. Level and distribution of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in soil from Laizhou Bay [J]. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae, 2008, 28(7): 1463-1468
[14]Streets SS, Henderson SA, Stoner AD, et al. Partitioning and bioaccumulation of PBDEs and PCBs in Lake Michigan [J].Environmental Science Technology, 2006, 40(23): 7263-7269
[15]Luo Q, Cai ZW, Wong MH. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers in fish and sediment from river polluted by electronic waste [J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2007, 383(1-3): 115-127
[16]王晓春, 焦杏春, 朱晓华, 等. 电子废弃物拆解地水体多溴联苯醚分布特征 [J]. 生态环境学报, 2014, 23(6): 1027-1033 Wang XC, Jiao XC, Zhu XH, et al. Distribution characteristics of PBDEs in surface and ground waters of electronic waste dismantling sites and surrounding area [J]. Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 2014, 23(6): 1027-1033
[17]赵恒, 孟祥周, 向楠, 等. 上海市受纳污水河流中多溴联苯醚的生态风险评价 [J]. 环境化学, 2012, 31(5): 573-579 Zhao H, Meng XZ, Xiang N, et al. Ecological risk assessment of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in river receiving wastewater in Shanghai[J]. Environmental chemistry, 2012, 31(5): 573-579
[18]马召辉, 金军, 亓学奎, 等. 太湖沉积物中多溴联苯醚和类二噁英多氯联苯的水平垂直分布[J]. 环境科学, 2013, 34(3): 1136-1141 Ma ZH, Jin J, Qi XK, et al. Vertical distribution of PBDEs and DL-PCBs in sediments of Taihu Lake [J]. Environmental Science, 2013, 34(3): 1136-1141
[19]赵高峰, 周怀东, 杜苗, 等. 海河流域 14 条河流表层沉积物中多溴联苯醚的分布特征 [J]. 环境科学, 2011, 32(7): 2069-2073 Zhao GF, Zhou HD, Du M, et al. PBDEs in sediments from 14 principal tributaries of Haihe River and their potential risk [J]. Environmental Science, 2011, 32(7): 2069-2073
[20]陈香平, 彭宝琦, 吕素平, 等. 台州电子垃圾拆解区水和沉积物中多溴联苯醚污染特征与生态风险 [J]. 环境科学, 2016, 37(5): 1771-1778 Chen XP, Peng BQ, Lv SP, et al. Pollution Characteristics and Ecological Risk of PBDEs in Water and Sediment from a-n Electronic Waste Dismantling Area in Taizhou [J]. Environmental Science, 2016, 37(5): 1771-1778
[21]周鹏, 于慧娟, 赵建华, 等. 典型污水处理厂中多溴联苯醚的分布特征、迁移及负荷研究[J]. 环境科学学报, 2016, 36(4): 1248-1259 Zhou P, Yu HJ, Zhao JH, et al. The distribution, migration and mass loading of polybrominated diphenyl ether in a typical sewage treatment plant [J]. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae, 2016, 36(4): 1248-1259
[22]Oros DR, Hoover D, Rodigari F, et al. Levels and distribution of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in water, surface sediment, and bivalves from the San Francisco Estuary [J]. Environmental Science and Technology, 2005, 39(1): 33-41.
[23]Cetin B, Odabasi M. Air-water exchange and dry deposition of polybrominated diphenyl ethers at a coastal site in Izmir, Turkey [J]. Environmental Science and Technology, 2007, 41(3): 785-791.
[24]Samara F, Tsai CW, Aga DS. Determination of potential sources of PCBs and PBDEs in sediments of the Niagara river [J]. Environmental Pollution, 2006, 139(3): 489-497
[25]王俊霞, 王春艳, 刘莉莉, 等. 多溴联苯醚在市场鲫鱼体内分布和食鱼暴露量 [J]. 环境科学, 2014, 35(8): 3175-3182 Wang JX, Wang CY, Liu LL, et al. Distribution of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in wild crucian carp and exposure estimation of dietary intake[J]. Environmental Science, 2014, 35(8): 3175-3182
[26]Xia CH, Lam JCW, Wu XG, et al. Levels and distribution of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in marine fishes from Chinese coastal waters [J]. Chemosphere, 2011, 82 (1): 18-24
[27]詹蔚, 陈来国, 范瑞芳, 等. 东江野生鱼中多溴联苯醚的污染特征 [J]. 农业环境科学学报, 2013, 32(7): 1309-1314 Zhan W, Chen LG, Fan RF, et al. Polluted characteristic of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in wild fish muscle from Dongjiang River [J]. Journal of Agro-Environment Science, 2013, 32(7): 1309-1314
[28]Ma XD, Zhang HJ, Yao WJ, et al. Occurrence and bioaccumulation of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in sediments and paddy ecosystems of Liaohe River Basin, northeast China [J]. Journal of Environmental Sciences, 2016, (43): 250–256
[29]Ma XD, Zhang HJ, Yao ZW, et al. Bioaccumulation and trophic transfer of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in a marine food web from Liaodong Bay, North China [J]. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2013, 74(1): 110-115
[30]Hu GC, Dai JY, Xu ZC, et al. Bioaccumulation behavior of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in the freshwater food chain of Baiyangdian Lake, North China [J]. Environment International, 2010, 36(4): 309-315
[31]Zhang BZ, Ni HG, Guan YF, et al. Occurrence, bioaccumulation and potential sources of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in typical freshwater cultured fish ponds of South China [J]. Environmental Pollution, 2010, 158(5): 1876-1882
[32]Kakimoto K, Nagayoshi H, Yoshida J, et al. Detection of dechlorane plus and brominated flame retardants in marketed fish in Japan [J]. Chemosphere, 2012, 89(4): 416-419
[33]Kathy RE, Paul HP, Jo EH, et al. Polybrominated diphenyl ether metabolism in field collected fish from the Gila River, Arizona, USA-Levels, possible sources, and patterns [J]. Chemosphere, 2013, 90(1): 20-27
[34]Julie H, Jon BMN, Dana D, et al. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in Lake Michigan Forage Fish [J]. Journal of Great Lakes Research, 2009, 35(1): 154-158
[35]Vetter W. A GC/ECNI-MS method for the identification of lipophilic anthropogenic and natural brominated compounds in marine samples [J]. Analytical Chemistry, 2001, 73(20): 4951-4957
[36]De Boer J, Cofino WP. First world-wide interlaboratory study on polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) [J]. Chemosphere, 2002, 46(5): 625-633
[37]Covaci A, Bervoets L, Hoff P, et al. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers ( PBDEs) in freshwater mussels and fish from Flanders, Belgium [J]. J Environ Monit, 2005, 7(2): 132-136
[38]Zeng X, Simonich SLM, Robrock KR, et al. Development and validation of a congener-specific photodegradation model for polybrominated diphenyl ethers [J]. Environmental Toxicology Chemistry, 2008, 27(12): 2427-2435
[39]Lagalante AF, Shedden CS, Greenbacker PW. Levels of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in dust from personal automobiles in conjunction with studies on the photochemical degradation of decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209) [J]. Environment International, 2011, 37(5): 899-906
[40]杨萌, 谢慧琴, 贾宏亮, 等. 石河子市大气中多溴联苯醚的含量组成及气粒分配 [J]. 内蒙古大学学报(自然科学版), 2013, 44(2): 219-224 Levels, compositions and gas-particle partitioning of polybrominated diphenyl ether in air of Shihezi,a Chinese Northwast-ern City [J]. Journal of Inner Mongolia University (Natural Science Edition), 2013, 44(2): 219-224
[41]刘宗峰, 郎印海, 曹正梅, 等. 环境中多溴联苯醚 (PBDEs) 分布特征研究进展 [J]. 土壤通报, 2007, 38(6): 1227-1233 Liu ZF, Lang YH, Cao ZM, et al. Advance of the Distribution of Polybrominated Diphenylethers(PBDEs) in the Environment [J]. Chinese Journal of Soil Science, 2007, 38(6): 1227-1233
[42]王维?, 周俊丽, 裴淑玮, 等. 多溴联苯醚在环境中的污染现状研究进展 [J]. 环境化学, 2014, 33(7): 1084-1093 Wang WJ, Zhou JL, Pei SW, et al. Research progress on status of environmental pollutions of polybrominated diphenyl ethers [J]. Environmental Chemistry, 2014, 33(7): 1084-1093
[43]林海涛, 李琦路, 张千, 等. 中国 8 个城市大气多溴联苯醚的污染特征及人体暴露水平[J]. 环境科学, 2016, 37(1): 10-15 Lin HT, Li QL, Zhang G, et al. Atmospheric polybrominated diphenyl ethers in eight cities of China: pollution characteristics and human exposure [J]. Environmental Science, 2016, 37(1): 10-15
[44]Li L, Wang C, Jiang Y, et al. Levels and inhalation exposure analysis of polybromi-nated diphenyl ethers in atmosphere of Shenzhen [J]. Journal of Hygiene Research, 2012, 41(5): 776-782
[45]Yu ZQ, Liao RE, Li HR, et al. Particle-bound Dechlorane Plus and polybrominated di-phenyl ethers in ambient air around Shanghai, China [J]. Environmental Pollution, 2011, 159(10): 2982-2988
[46]杨萌,谢慧琴,贾宏亮,等.石河子市大气中多溴联苯醚的含量组成及气粒分配[J].内蒙古大学学报(自然科学版), 2013, 44(2): 219-224 Yang M, Xie HQ, Jia HL, et al. Levels, Compositions and gas-particle partitioning of polybrominated diphenyl ether in air of Shihezi,a Chinese Northwastern City [J]. Journal of Inner Mongolia University (Natural Science Edition), 2013, 44(2): 219-224
[47]Birgul A, Katsoyiannis A, Gioia R, et al. Atmospheric polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in the United Kingdom [J]. Environmental Pollution, 2012, 169: 105-111
[48]Li QL, Li J, Chaemfa C, et al. The impact of polybrominated diphenyl ether prohibition: A case study on the atmosphereic levels in China, Japan and South Korea [J]. Atmospheric Research, 2014, (143): 57-63
[49]Jiang H, Lin ZK, Wu YY, et al. Daily intake of polybrominated diphenyl ethers via dust and diet from an e-waste recyc-ling area in China [J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2014, 276:35–42
[50]Yu YX, Huang NB, Zhang XY, et al. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers in food and associated human daily intake assessm-ent considering bioaccessibility measured by simulated gastrointestinal digestion [J]. Chemosphere, 2011, 83(2): 152-160.
[51]Ni K, Lu YL, Wang TY, et al. A review of human exposure to polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in China [J]. In-ternational Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health, 2013, 216(6): 607-623
[52]Liu PY, Zhao YX, Zhu YY, et al. Determination of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in human semen [J]. Environment International, 2012, (42): 132–137
[53]Wang HS, Jiang GM, Chen ZJ, et al. Concentrations and congener profiles of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in blood plasma from Hong Kong: Implications for sources and exposure route [J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2013, (261): 253– 259
[54]Hedley AJ, Hui LL, Kypke K, et al. Residues of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in human milk in Hong Kong [J]. Chemosphere, 2010, 79(3): 259-265
[55]Zhang XL, Zhang KQ, Yang D, et al. Polybrominated biphenyl ethers in breast milk and infant formula from Shanghai, China: Temporal trends, daily intake, and risk assessment [J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2014, (497-498): 508-515
[56]Yuan HD, Jin J, Bai Y, et al. Concentrations and distributions of polybrominated diphenyl ethers and novel brominated flame retardants in tree bark and human hair from Yunnan Province, China [J]. Chemosphere, 2016, (154): 319-325
[57]Makey, CM, McClean MD, Braverman LE, et al. Polybrominated diphenyl ether exposure and thyroid function tests in North American Adults [J]. Environmental Health Perspectives, 2016, 124(4): 420-425
[58]Kim J, Son MH, Shin ES, et al. Occurrence of dechlorane compounds and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in the Korean general population[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2016, (212): 330-336
[59]Brasseur C, Pirard C, Scholl G, et al. Levels of dechloranes and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in human serum from France [J]. Environment International, 2014, (65): 33-40
[60]Müller MHB, Polder A, Brynildsrud OB, et al. Brominated flame retardants (BFRs) in breastmilk and associated health risks to nursing infants in Northern Tanzania [J]. Environment International, 2016, (89-90): 38-47
[61]Covaci A, Tutudaki M, Tsatsakis AM, et al. Hair analysis: another approach for the assessment of human exposure to selected persistent organochlorine pollutants [J]. Chemosphere, 2002, 46, (3): 413-418