Abstract:

To investigate the fertilizer efficiency of mushroom residue and its impact on the ecological environment, a pot experiment was conducted to study the influences of mushroom residue application on lettuce growth, soil nutrients, soil enzyme activities and soil microorganisms. The experiment had four treatments: blank treatment, mushroom residue, composite chemical fertilizer and mushroom residue + compound chemical fertilizer. The results showed that: (1) the application of mushroom residue could promote the growth of green pepper, the promotion effect on lettuce was not as good as that of chemical fertilizer; (2) the application of mushroom residue and compound fertilizer could significantly increase the soil nutrients, compared with the blank treatment, application of mushroom residue increased the soil total nitrogen by 58.6%, the alkali nitrogen increased by 73.3% and the nitrate nitrogen increased by 35.3%; (3) the application of mushroom residue significantly increased soil enzyme activities and soil microbial population, the soil catalase activity, dehydrogenase activity and urease activity of mushroom residue treatment was 1.31, 1.40 and 1.44 times as that of chemical fertilizer treatment, respectively, and the number of soil bacteria, actinomycetes and fungi was 1.56, 1.72 and 1.72 times, respectively. The application of mushroom residue could improve soil nutrient, soil organic matter, soil enzyme activity and soil microorganism, reduce nutrient loss and improve soil ecological environment.

Key words: mushroom residue, lettuce, soil nutrient, soil enzyme activity, microorganism