Dynamic Influence of Rapeseed Straw Mulching on Weed Occurrence and Weed Seed Bank in Cotton Field Under Rape-cotton Continuous Cropping System

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18110084

Abstract

Abstract:

Field studies were conducted in cotton fields under rapeseed-cotton continuous cropping system to determine rapeseed straw mulching effect on weed control, the dynamic pattern of soil weed seed bank, the growth and yield of cotton along the Yangtze River in Anhui Province. The results showed that with the increase of straw mulching, the weed control effect in cotton field was enhanced. The boll number per plant and seed cotton yield in 7000 kg/hm² straw mulching treatment were significantly higher than those of no-weeding treatment without straw mulching. The weed seed bank density in 0-20 cm soil layer gradually decreased under 7000 kg/hm² straw mulching treatment after 30, 60 and 120 d, which was in consistent with the whole-course herbicide treatment. The decline degree of the weed seed bank density in 0-20 cm soil layer was decreased by the decline of rapeseed straw mulching amount. The weed seed bank diversity in 0-5 cm soil layer was decreased by whole-course herbicide treatment, while that might be increased by rapeseed straw mulching. In the treatment of 3500 kg/hm² mulching + spraying herbicide 30 d later after straw mulching, the effect on weed control and cotton yield was more identical with that of the whole-course herbicide treatment. As a result, it is recommended that 3500 kg/hm² mulching + spraying herbicide 30 d later after straw mulching should be put in practice in the rapeseed-cotton continuous cropping system along the Yangtze River in Anhui Province.

Key words: cotton fields weeds, rapeseed straw mulching, transplanting cotton fields with no tillage, weed seed bank in soil, diversity

CLC Number:

Shuying Li, Xianyong Lu, Furu Cheng, Xiaoming Yan, Shufeng Zheng, Yan Ma. Dynamic Influence of Rapeseed Straw Mulching on Weed Occurrence and Weed Seed Bank in Cotton Field Under Rape-cotton Continuous Cropping System[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2020, 36(9): 138-144.

Figures/Tables 6

References 44

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处理	内容
1	对照,全生育期不除草
2	全生育期除草剂除草（分别在移栽前和棉花蕾期喷施840 g/hm²草甘膦）
3	7000 kg/hm²秸秆覆盖
4	3500 kg/hm²秸秆覆盖
5	1750 kg/hm²秸秆覆盖
6	3500 kg/hm²秸秆覆盖+覆盖前喷施840 g/hm²草甘膦
7	3500 kg/hm²秸秆覆盖+覆盖30d后喷施840 g/hm²草甘膦

处理	内容
1	对照,全生育期不除草
2	全生育期除草剂除草（分别在移栽前和棉花蕾期喷施840 g/hm²草甘膦）
3	7000 kg/hm²秸秆覆盖
4	3500 kg/hm²秸秆覆盖
5	1750 kg/hm²秸秆覆盖
6	3500 kg/hm²秸秆覆盖+覆盖前喷施840 g/hm²草甘膦
7	3500 kg/hm²秸秆覆盖+覆盖30d后喷施840 g/hm²草甘膦

处理	禾本科杂草				阔叶类杂草				物种数
	杂草密度/(株/m²)		鲜物质量/(g/m²)		杂草密度/(株/m²)		鲜物质量/(g/m²)		物种数
	30 d	60 d	30 d	60 d	30 d	60 d	30 d	60 d	30 d	60 d
1	54.3a	62.3a	244.2a	536.4a	42.3ab	29.3 a	75.5a	129.5a	5.0a	7.0a
2	6.7d	3.3c	28.3c	1.4d	28.7abc	13.0a	58.9a	3.1b	5.7a	2.0c
3	14.0cd	10.3c	46.5c	106.6cd	11.3cd	12.7a	12.7a	25.2b	5.3a	7.0a
4	16.3c	11.7c	69.7c	159.4bc	23.0bcd	14.0a	40.6a	47.7b	5.0a	5.3ab
5	35.0b	24.3b	144.7b	264.4b	43.3a	24.3a	57.3a	56.2b	7.3a	7.7a
6	10.7cd	8.0c	58.7c	170.6bc	7.3d	9.7a	19.0a	49.2b	4.3a	5.3ab
7	11.3cd	2.3c	60.1c	3.2d	24.3abcd	21.7a	34.7a	3.8b	6.3a	3.3bc

处理	禾本科杂草				阔叶类杂草				物种数
	杂草密度/(株/m²)		鲜物质量/(g/m²)		杂草密度/(株/m²)		鲜物质量/(g/m²)		物种数
	30 d	60 d	30 d	60 d	30 d	60 d	30 d	60 d	30 d	60 d
1	54.3a	62.3a	244.2a	536.4a	42.3ab	29.3 a	75.5a	129.5a	5.0a	7.0a
2	6.7d	3.3c	28.3c	1.4d	28.7abc	13.0a	58.9a	3.1b	5.7a	2.0c
3	14.0cd	10.3c	46.5c	106.6cd	11.3cd	12.7a	12.7a	25.2b	5.3a	7.0a
4	16.3c	11.7c	69.7c	159.4bc	23.0bcd	14.0a	40.6a	47.7b	5.0a	5.3ab
5	35.0b	24.3b	144.7b	264.4b	43.3a	24.3a	57.3a	56.2b	7.3a	7.7a
6	10.7cd	8.0c	58.7c	170.6bc	7.3d	9.7a	19.0a	49.2b	4.3a	5.3ab
7	11.3cd	2.3c	60.1c	3.2d	24.3abcd	21.7a	34.7a	3.8b	6.3a	3.3bc

处理	株高/cm	果枝数/台	铃数/个	单铃重/g	衣分/%	衣指/g	子指/g	子棉产量/(kg/hm²)
1	127.0a	17.8b	25.1b	4.74b	44.73a	8.97a	11.75a	3602.1b
2	129.4a	20.2a	31.0a	5.30a	45.10a	8.86a	11.45a	4433.1a
3	128.7a	18.3ab	31.0a	5.11ab	44.47a	8.97a	11.98a	4550.9a
4	124.5a	18.6ab	29.5ab	5.00ab	45.06a	9.06a	11.75a	4350.2a
5	122.7a	18.6ab	29.0ab	5.26a	45.49a	9.03a	11.78a	4231.8ab
6	125.4a	18.2ab	33.6a	5.08ab	44.89a	9.13a	11.91a	4957.3a
7	120.9a	19.7a	31.9a	5.26a	44.70a	9.04a	11.93a	4613.0a