Co-composting of Agaric Fungus Chaff and Chicken Manure: Improving Effect on the Saline-alkali Soil

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb20190700444

Abstract

Abstract:

To evaluate the potential of co-composting of edible fungus chaff and chicken manure to improve saline-alkali soil, we studied the physical index of co-composting of agaric fungus chaff and chicken manure, and determined the growth index of garlic seedlings by cultivating garlic in saline-alkali soil with mixed fertilizer. The results showed that: the growth index of garlic seedlings in saline-alkali soil with a certain proportion of agaric fungus chaff (control group) was better than that in saline-alkali soil without agaric fungus chaff (blank group), with significant difference (P<0.05); the growth index of garlic seedlings in saline-alkali soil with agaric fungus chaff and chicken manure (fermentation group) was better than that in saline-alkali soil with agaric fungus chaff (control group) only, with significant difference (P<0.05), and was also better than that without agaric fungus chaff (blank group) with very significant difference (P<0.01). Through the analysis of interactive experimental data, the optimum condition for co-composting was determined as: 15% fungus chaff, 8% chicken manure and 45% water content. Therefore, adding co-composting of agaric fungus chaff and chicken manure in saline-alkali soil can increase the crop yield, and is of practical significance for the efficient utilization of agricultural wastes and the protection of ecological environment.

Key words: improving saline-alkali soil, organic fertilizer, agaric fungus chaff, chicken manure, fermentation improvers, composting

CLC Number:

X712

Wang Yue, Liu Zhongshan, Liu Qi, Xu Henan, Yuan Runze, Li Chongwei, Song Fuqiang. Co-composting of Agaric Fungus Chaff and Chicken Manure: Improving Effect on the Saline-alkali Soil[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2020, 36(26): 77-82.

Figures/Tables 7

References 27

[1]	Liqiang Meng, Shumei Zhang, Hainan Gong, et al. Improving sewage sludge composting by addition of spent mushroom substrate and sucrose[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2018,11(13):253-254.
[2]	杨和川, 谭一罗, 苏文英, 等. 食用菌菌糠资源化利用研究进展[J]. 农业工程, 2018,8(10):54-58.
[3]	Xuesheng Liu, Xin Bai, Liying Dong, et al. Composting enhances the removal of lead ions in aqueous solution by spent mushroom substrate: Biosorption and precipitation[J]. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2018,32(02):87-89.
[4]	张亭, 韩建东, 李瑾, 等. 食用菌菌渣综合利用与研究现状[J]. 山东农业科学, 2016,48(7):146-150.
[5]	彭涛, 余水静, 程素. 食用菌菌糠综合利用研究进展[J]. 安徽农业科学, 2016,44(9):78-80.
[6]	Fatimah Hafifah Mohd Hanafi, Shahabaldin Rezania, Shazwin Mat Taib, et al. Environmentally sustainable applications of agro-based spent mushroom substrate (SMS): an overview[J]. Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management, 2018,20(3):79-85.
[7]	Bustamante M.A, Paredes C, Moral R, et al. Composts from distillery wastes as peat substitutes for transplant production[J]. Resource Conserv. Recy, 2008(52):792-799.
[8]	赵晓丽, 陈智毅, 刘学铭. 菌糠的高效利用研究进展[J]. 中国食用菌, 2012,31(2):1-3.
[9]	石堃, 崔大练, 易杨, 等. 菌糠土壤改良剂对滩涂盐碱土壤主要理化性质的影响[J]. 国土与自然资源研究, 2014(5):45-47.
[10]	代立兰, 张怀山, 夏曾润, 等. 有机废弃物菌糠和醋糟对次生盐渍化土壤修复效果研究[J]. 干旱地区农业研究, 2014,32(1):218-222.
[11]	Xingyao Meng, Bin Liu, Chen Xi, et al. Effect of pig manure on the chemical composition and microbial diversity during co-composting with spent mushroom substrate and rice husks[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2018, 251-256. doi: 10.1016/s0960-8524(02)00206-7 URL pmid: 12618048
[12]	肖冰洁, 陈清华. 菌糠饲料的开发与应用现状[J]. 湖南农业科学, 2017(9):121-123.
[13]	刘国丽, 李超, 李学龙, 等. 不同菌糠配比基质对番茄幼苗生长的影响[J]. 辽宁农业科学, 2017(5):82-84.
[14]	张然, 程红艳, 吴梦欣, 等. 不同处理菌糠对油菜生长及土壤理化性质的影响[J]. 吉林农业, 2017(4):76-79.
[15]	Shuyan Li, Danyang Li, Jijin Li, et al. Effect of spent mushroom substrate as a bulking agent on gaseous emissions and compost quality during pig manure composting[J]. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2018,25(13). doi: 10.1007/s11356-018-1546-9 URL pmid: 29484617
[16]	王栩. 菌糠改良保护地土壤容重退化效果的研究[J]. 安徽农业科学, 2010,38(15):8091-8093.
[17]	Xingyao Meng, Jiali Dai, Yue Zhang, et al. Composted biogas residue and spent mushroom substrate as a growth medium for tomato and pepper seedlings[J]. Journal of Environmental Management, 2018,216. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.07.017 URL pmid: 28716294
[18]	秦文弟, 甘福丁, 徐铁纯, 等. 食用菌菌渣产沼气潜力测定[J]. 贵州农业科学, 2014,42(11):237-239.
[19]	于磊, 姜明, 徐丽萍, 等. 食用菌菌糠的研究及其再利用[J]. 黑龙江科技信息, 2014(29):73-76.
[20]	董卿, 程红艳, 张建国, 等. 醋糟菌糠对3种作物土壤微生物及酶活性的影响[J]. 中国生态农业学报, 2016,24(12):1655-1662.
[21]	纪毅远. 菌糠对土壤的改良效果研究[J]. 科技风, 2016(7):96-98.
[22]	Monika Gąsecka, Marek Siwulski, Kinga Drzewiecka, et al. Organic acid profile and phenolic and sugar content in Salix purpurea×viminalis L. cultivated with different spent mushroom substrate and copper additions[J]. Chemistry and Ecology, 2019,35(2):66-68.
[23]	郝淑丽. 菌糠改良土壤田间持水量效果的研究[J]. 杂粮作物, 2010,30(4):306-307.
[24]	张华微, 张天翼, 王栩. 菌糠改良土壤孔隙度效果的研究[J]. 河北农业科学, 2011,15(8):37-38.
[25]	乔洁, 陈玉, 侯晓强, 等. 食用菌菌糠中矿质元素含量的测定及品质分析[J]. 中国酿造, 2017,36(02):171-174.
[26]	谢修鸿, 李玉. 姬松茸菌糠改良苏打盐碱土对土壤化学性质及牧草生长的影响[J]. 吉林农业大学学报, 2010,32(5):518-522.
[27]	朱小平, 刘微, 高书国, 等. 菌糠复合剂对不结球白菜生长发育及产量的影响[J]. 河北科技师范学院学报, 2006(3):7-11.

指标观测点	发酵前	发酵后
外观	菌糠颗粒较大,颜色淡黄色,质地疏松,手感比较干燥	菌糠颗粒较小,颜色棕黑色,质地疏松多孔,手感较为湿润
吸水率	吸水率较大,通过环刀法测量吸水率的变化,可以吸收率大于400%	吸水率下降,吸收率小于230%
pH	7.2	6.6

指标观测点	发酵前	发酵后
外观	菌糠颗粒较大,颜色淡黄色,质地疏松,手感比较干燥	菌糠颗粒较小,颜色棕黑色,质地疏松多孔,手感较为湿润
吸水率	吸水率较大,通过环刀法测量吸水率的变化,可以吸收率大于400%	吸水率下降,吸收率小于230%
pH	7.2	6.6

序号	叶片数量/个	叶片高度/cm	根须数量/个	茎粗/cm	序号	叶片数量/个	叶片高度/cm	根须数量/个	茎粗/cm
A	2±0.71	12.34±1.06	17±1.58	2.76±0.39	G₁₀	4±0.58	33.42±1.27	34±2.08	3.58±0.84
B₁₀	3±1.15	17.95±0.96	23±2.12	3.02±0.35	G₁₅	5±1.53	41.76±2.10	41±1.73	4.48±0.69
B₁₅	4±0.71	25.11±1.38	25±1.73	3.44±0.69	G₂₀	3±1.53	38.56±0.98	35±2.65	4.14±0.26
B₂₀	3±1.73	13.89±2.15	24±1.58	3.05±0.57	H₁₀	4±1.00	34.34±1.82	36±2.52	3.62±0.70
C₁₀	3±1.00	31.52±0.12	28±1.52	3.21±0.22	H₁₅	5±0.58	41.24±2.78	38±1.53	4.50±0.78
C₁₅	3±1.73	38.11±1.18	32±1.52	4.26±0.96	H₂₀	4±1.15	39.68±2.04	34±0.58	4.18±0.80
C₂₀	3±0.58	35.38±1.79	26±2.08	3.83±0.63	I₁₀	4±1.73	26.21±1.15	28±1.73	3.82±0.56
D₁₀	3±0.58	28.43±1.45	29±1.73	3.52±0.55	I₁₅	6±1.15	38.52±1.83	46±2.31	4.29±0.59
D₁₅	4±1.52	36.65±1.56	35±1.52	4.28±0.16	I₂₀	4±1.73	27.31±0.40	32±2.08	4.18±0.73
D₂₀	3±1.53	37.76±0.88	29±2.31	3.98±0.69	J₁₀	5±1.53	36.42±2.09	34±2.64	3.98±0.75
E₁₀	3±0.58	29.65±1.75	29±2.64	3.62±0.85	J₁₅	5±0.58	40.66±1.46	40±2.08	4.42±0.44
E₁₅	3±1.15	38.76±2.10	34±1.53	4.44±0.91	J₂₀	4±0.71	40.23±1.48	35±1.00	3.65±0.88
E₂₀	3±1.73	37.32±1.98	28±2.31	4.04±0.94	K₁₀	5±1.15	37.24±0.81	36±2.65	4.02±0.45
F₁₀	2±1.53	32.53±1.22	32±1.73	3.32±0.52	K₁₅	6±1.00	42.12±1.17	49±1.73	4.49±1.16
F₁₅	4±0.58	38.45±1.87	34±1.53	4.22±0.60	K₂₀	5±0.58	40.78±1.23	35±2.08	3.68±0.65
F₂₀	3±1.15	36.87±2.61	26±2.08	3.86±1.09

序号	叶片数量/个	叶片高度/cm	根须数量/个	茎粗/cm	序号	叶片数量/个	叶片高度/cm	根须数量/个	茎粗/cm
A	2±0.71	12.34±1.06	17±1.58	2.76±0.39	G₁₀	4±0.58	33.42±1.27	34±2.08	3.58±0.84
B₁₀	3±1.15	17.95±0.96	23±2.12	3.02±0.35	G₁₅	5±1.53	41.76±2.10	41±1.73	4.48±0.69
B₁₅	4±0.71	25.11±1.38	25±1.73	3.44±0.69	G₂₀	3±1.53	38.56±0.98	35±2.65	4.14±0.26
B₂₀	3±1.73	13.89±2.15	24±1.58	3.05±0.57	H₁₀	4±1.00	34.34±1.82	36±2.52	3.62±0.70
C₁₀	3±1.00	31.52±0.12	28±1.52	3.21±0.22	H₁₅	5±0.58	41.24±2.78	38±1.53	4.50±0.78
C₁₅	3±1.73	38.11±1.18	32±1.52	4.26±0.96	H₂₀	4±1.15	39.68±2.04	34±0.58	4.18±0.80
C₂₀	3±0.58	35.38±1.79	26±2.08	3.83±0.63	I₁₀	4±1.73	26.21±1.15	28±1.73	3.82±0.56
D₁₀	3±0.58	28.43±1.45	29±1.73	3.52±0.55	I₁₅	6±1.15	38.52±1.83	46±2.31	4.29±0.59
D₁₅	4±1.52	36.65±1.56	35±1.52	4.28±0.16	I₂₀	4±1.73	27.31±0.40	32±2.08	4.18±0.73
D₂₀	3±1.53	37.76±0.88	29±2.31	3.98±0.69	J₁₀	5±1.53	36.42±2.09	34±2.64	3.98±0.75
E₁₀	3±0.58	29.65±1.75	29±2.64	3.62±0.85	J₁₅	5±0.58	40.66±1.46	40±2.08	4.42±0.44
E₁₅	3±1.15	38.76±2.10	34±1.53	4.44±0.91	J₂₀	4±0.71	40.23±1.48	35±1.00	3.65±0.88
E₂₀	3±1.73	37.32±1.98	28±2.31	4.04±0.94	K₁₀	5±1.15	37.24±0.81	36±2.65	4.02±0.45
F₁₀	2±1.53	32.53±1.22	32±1.73	3.32±0.52	K₁₅	6±1.00	42.12±1.17	49±1.73	4.49±1.16
F₁₅	4±0.58	38.45±1.87	34±1.53	4.22±0.60	K₂₀	5±0.58	40.78±1.23	35±2.08	3.68±0.65
F₂₀	3±1.15	36.87±2.61	26±2.08	3.86±1.09