Current issue

• 2020 Vol.36 No.26 Published:15 September 2020

  Irrigation and Nitrogen Supply Methods: Effect on Leaf Physiological Characteristics and Yield of Maize Wang Jiwei, Qi Dongliang 2020, 36 (26):  1-8.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb20200200122 Abstract + ( 253 )   HTML ( 16 )   PDF ( 1293KB )   ( 119 ) The aim is to investigate the effect of different irrigation and nitrogen supply methods on leaf physiological characteristics, yield and yield components of maize. With spring maize ‘Yidan 22’ as material, leaf area index (LAI) and indexes of leaf physiological characteristics during the maize growing season and the yield under the different irrigation and nitrogen supply methods were measured. The results showed that, compared with the conventional irrigation coupled with conventional nitrogen supply method (CICN), alternate furrow irrigation coupled with conventional nitrogen (AICN) or alternate furrow irrigation coupled with alternate nitrogen supply in coordinating supply of water and nitrogen (AIANS) significantly increased LAI and chlorophyll content in ear leaf at the tasselling stage and on the 7th, 14th, 21st, 28th and 35th day after tasselling, and superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) activities and soluble protein content at the tasselling, filling and milk stages, and rows per ear, kernels per row, kernels per ear, 1000-kernel weight and grain yield (P<0.05); but significantly decreased malondialdehyde (MDA), soluble sugar and proline contents (P<0.05). Therefore, AICN and AIANS are useful to improve LAI, antioxidant enzyme activities and the relationship between production and clearance of reactive oxygen, leading to a high grain yield of maize.

  Non-transgenic Herbicide-resistant Cytoplasmic Male Sterile Lines of Brassica napus L.: Breeding and Application Guan Zhoubo, Dong Yuhong, Tian Jianhua, Wang Xuefang, Zhang Zhongxin, Zheng Lei 2020, 36 (26):  9-13.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb20200100017 Abstract + ( 449 )   HTML ( 16 )   PDF ( 1411KB )   ( 63 ) The aims are to breed herbicide-resistant rapeseed varieties suitable for planting in China, improve the efficiency of field chemical weeding and reduce the cost of rapeseed production. ‘Shan 9B’ was treated with 0.5% EMS solution to create germplasm resources with herbicide resistance. By a large quantity of screening, a rape strain ‘Shan 9BK’ with herbicide resistance was obtained, and then it was used as the recurrent parent to breed rape cytoplasmic male sterile line ‘Shan 9AK ’with herbicide resistance; ‘Shan 9AK’ was used as female parent to make hybrid combinations, the combinations of ‘Shan 9AK×R3’ ‘Shan 9AK×R6’ and ‘Shan 9AK×R1’ had stronger growth vigor, uniformity, high yield, yield-increasing potential, disease resistance and lodging resistance. They also had strong resistance to herbicide at the seedling stage, and were suitable for chemical weeding in field. Cytoplasmic male sterile line ‘Shan 9AK’ is beneficial to breed herbicide-resistant hybrid combinations, which can simplify the seed production procedure of rapeseed in hybrid seed production, reduce seed production cost and improve farmers’ planting efficiency.

  Disease Resistance of Major Beta vulgaris Germplasms in China: Identification and Evaluation Chen Li, Zhao Chunlei, Li Yanli, Wang Ronghua, E Yuanyuan, Wang Xi, Li Cuifang, Cui Ping 2020, 36 (26):  14-21.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb20200300260 Abstract + ( 272 )   HTML ( 8 )   PDF ( 1364KB )   ( 75 ) The study aims at detecting and evaluating the disease resistance of the major Beta vulgaris (sugar beet) germplasm sources in different ecological regions in China, and providing suggestions for their scientific and effective application in sugar beet anti-disease breeding studies. 313 germplasm sources from three ecological regions were collected as test materials. Under natural disease condition, according to the official standard for beet, the data of symptom grade were investigated, disease index was calculated and resistance levels were divided, respectively. 85 highly-resistant germplasms and 89 resistant germplasms to cercospora leaf spot were identified. 11 germplasms resistant to root rot, 3 germplasms resistant to rhizomania, 28 germplasms resistant to powdery mildew were identified. Meanwhile, germplasms with complex resistance to two diseases were identified. 5 germplasms highly-resistant to both leaf spot and root rot, 5 germplasms resistant to both leaf spot and root rot, 2 germplasms resistant to both leaf spot and rhizomania, 20 germplasms highly-resistant to leaf spot and resistant to powdery mildew were identified. The results suggest that the resistant germplasm sources in China are inadequate. Except the germplasm resources resistant to leaf spot, the germplasm resources resistant to root rot, rhizomania and powdery mildew are rare and have low resistant level.

  ARF Gene Family in Sugar Beet: Bioinformatics Analysis and Differential Expression in Seed Germination Period Liu Naixin, Wu Yumei 2020, 36 (26):  22-28.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb20200100037 Abstract + ( 394 )   HTML ( 7 )   PDF ( 1883KB )   ( 45 ) The purpose is to understand the expression difference of ARF gene family in sugarbeet seeds in germination period and under the condition of drought environment. The transcriptome sequencing of sugarbeet samples in three germination stages (dry seeds, seed shell cracking, dew white) was carried out in the treatment group (15% PEG simulated drought stress) and the control group (distilled water). The evolution of ARF gene system, conserved domain of protein, chromosome distribution and differential expression under drought were analyzed by bioinformatics. Amino acid sequence analysis showed that ARF transcription factors contained 8 conserved elements, and the number of amino acid sites in the domain of 8 conserved elements was not consistent. It was speculated that ARF transcription factors were related to the binding and function of corresponding DNA molecules and distributed unevenly on chromosomes. The results of transcriptome sequencing showed that the expression of EntrezID-104886784, 104903260, 104908672 genes increased gradually in the three stages of dry seed, seed shell cracking and dew white in contrast and drought conditions, and the trend was obvious. Under the condition of drought stress, the expression of EntrezID-104886784 increased the most significantly, followed by that of EntrezID-104903260, and the expression of EntrezID-104908672 increased less; in the control, the expression of EntrezID-104908672 and EntrezID-104886784 increased significantly. However, the expression level of EntrezID-104903260 increased most obviously when it was exposed. There are 14 ARF transcription factors in sugarbeet genome, three of which are differentially expressed under drought stress, and it is predicted that drought condition will significantly affect the two genes of EntrezID-104908672 and EntrezID-104903260.

  CDDP Core Primers in Sugar Beet: Selection and Variety Identification Pi Zhi, Wu Zedong 2020, 36 (26):  29-32.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb20200300206 Abstract + ( 278 )   HTML ( 5 )   PDF ( 1446KB )   ( 24 ) To study the application of CDDP primers in sugar beet breeding, we selected 12 sugar beet varieties for screening core primers from 35 CDDP primer pairs. Then, screened core primers were used to identify 43 registered varieties. The results showed that 10 of 35 CDDP primer pairs could be used as core CDDP primers for varieties identification. The bands amplified by these primers were clear, legible and high polymorphism and generally distributed from 50 to 400 bp. Among these core primers, KNOX-3 could identify the 43 registered varieties. The combination of MADS-1 and F3’H4 could also identify the 43 registered varieties. The screen of CDDP core primers could provide theoretical and technical support for beet variety identification and germplasm resources classification, and for effectively protecting the interests of farmers, breeders and sugar industry.

  Isolation and Identification of Microalgae and Screening of Energy Algae Species in Alpine Region of Heilongjiang Province Zhou Yuhang, Li Qi, He Ping, Ge Jingping, Ping Wenxiang, Ling Hongzhi 2020, 36 (26):  33-43.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb20190700464 Abstract + ( 272 )   HTML ( 5 )   PDF ( 1966KB )   ( 633 ) The objectives are to obtain an excellent strain of algae with high oil production, and explore the growth and oil production of different algae strains. In this study, water samples were collected from lakes in Daqing area of Heilongjiang Province. A total of 8 algae strains were isolated and screened. Species identification of algal strains was carried out by morphological and molecular biological methods. At the same time, the relationship between the algae species and the physical and chemical factors of the lake was analyzed by RDA. The growth, lipid synthesis and by-product content of the algae strain were studied. The results showed that the biomass of HDL01, HDL04, HDL05 and HDL07 were positively correlated with some environmental factors. The biomass growth rate and lipid growth rate of Monoraphidium convolutum HDL08 were second only to that of HDL01, which was 0.077±0.006 g/(L·d) and 5.994±0.003 mg/(L·d), respectively. Combined with the analysis of lipid composition and by-product content of algal strains, it was found that HDL08 had the potential to produce biodiesel for the test algae strain, which provided a certain support for enriching Chinese algae resources and using microalgae to produce biodiesel.

  Bacillus subtilis Against Tomato Fusarium Wilt: ARTP Mutagenesis and Screening Zhang Xinqing, Zhang Xiaoxiao, Yang Chuanlun, Guo Nannan, Ma Nana, Cai Qianqian, Wang Xiuzhi 2020, 36 (26):  44-49.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb20190800545 Abstract + ( 295 )   HTML ( 9 )   PDF ( 1533KB )   ( 174 ) Atmospheric and room temperature plasma (ARTP) technique was used to obtain mutants with enhanced antagonistic activity against tomato fusarium wilt. Bacillus subtilis N which had antagonistic effect on tomato fusarium wilt was chosen as the initial strain. Detection of inhibition zone was carried out to screen mutants and the control effect of the positive strains against tomato fusarium wilt was investigated via pot experiment. Five positive mutants were obtained through antagonistic zone screening and second screening of inhibition zone, in which the strain 62 showed the highest positive-mutation range, the diameter of inhibition zone was increased by 31.43% compared with the original strain. After 6 times of consecutive subculturing, the strain 62 showed good genetic stability. In the pot experiment, the prevention effect of the strain 62 on tomato fusarium wilt reached 75.76%. The selected strain 62 treated by ARTP is genetically stable, and shows significantly improved antagonistic activity, thus it is believed that this strain has a great application potential in the control of tomato fusarium wilt.

  AM Fungi Improving the Mechanism of Phosphorus Uptake and Transport in Plants: A Review Lu Chengcheng, Cai Baiyan 2020, 36 (26):  50-54.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb20190800574 Abstract + ( 276 )   HTML ( 9 )   PDF ( 1180KB )   ( 605 ) The aim is to understand the mechanism of phosphorus uptake and transport in plants under the effect of Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi. We summarize the latest research results about AM fungi promoting effect on improving phosphorus nutrition situation (such as phosphate transporter, phosphatase gene, etc.) in plant, emphatically analyze the mycorrhizal absorption pathway of AM fungi, and review the utilization mechanism of water-soluble inorganic phosphorus, insoluble inorganic phosphorus and organic phosphorus by AM fungi at home and abroad. Finally, we point out some problems still exist in this field and give advices on the future research focus.

  Effect of Electret on Escherichia coli Xu Minzi, Xu Yonggang, Bai Jie, Zhao Runan, Yang Zheng, Li Linwei, Song Yanbo, Liu Zhenyu 2020, 36 (26):  55-61.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2020-00010 Abstract + ( 268 )   HTML ( 4 )   PDF ( 3182KB )   ( 27 ) To effectively prevent Escherichia coli in the air from attaching to food and other surfaces which causes intestinal diseases such as diarrhea in humans and animals, the electret film made of polytetrafluoroethylene was used as the test material, and the effects of negatively and positively charged electret film on E. coli were measured by the method of combining the controlled variates with theoretical analysis and experimental research. The results showed that the negatively charged electret film had an inhibitory effect on the normal growth of E. coli, with a maximum inhibition rate of 70.82%; the positively charged electret film promoted the growth of E. coli with a maximum promotion rate of 54.65%. It was further observed with an optical microscope that the colonies of E. coli treated under the positively electret film grew densely, while that treated under the negatively charged electret film sparsely grew. The main mechanism that the electret film influencing the growth of E. coli was that the electrostatic field affected the membrane potential of E. coli molecules, which then affected the growth of E. coli. The negatively charged electret film has a good inhibitory effect on E. coli and the study could provide a theoretical basis for producing materials related to electret sterilization.

  Study on the Leaf Microstructure and Dust Retention Ability of 3 Plants in Minqin Botanical Garden Liu Kailin, Li Xuemin, Wan Xiang, Liu Shujuan, Li Jingjing, Xu Xianying, Liu Hujun 2020, 36 (26):  62-68.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2020-0035 Abstract + ( 257 )   HTML ( 5 )   PDF ( 2297KB )   ( 59 ) The dust has become one of the main air pollutants in north China. Plants can absorb and retain the dust in the atmosphere, and the study on dust retention capacity of plant could provide references for the selection and configuration of greening tree species. In this study, the leaf shape of Amygdalus Mongolia, A. davidiana and Cerasus humilis were observed, the leaf area, perimeter, length and width were measured by platometer, and leaf appendages and microstructure were observed by electron microscope. The dust detained on the leaf surface was collected by the method of “collection-cleaning-filtration-weighing” and the relationship among the leaf shape, size, microstructure and dust retention amount were compared and analyzed. The results showed that the capacity of Amygdalus Mongolia to retain the particles less than 10μm was relatively strong, and the capacity of Cerasus humilis to retain the particles larger than 10 μm (PM10) was relatively big. The dust retention per unit area of leaf was Amygdalus Mongolia > Cerasus humilis > A. davidiana. The microstructure of leaf affected the capacity of dust retention on the leaf, and the dust was mainly around the hair of leaf, or inlayed in the groove and stomata on the leaf. The dust retention amount of per unit leaf area was negatively correlated with leaf area, perimeter, width and length, and positively correlated with the ratio of leaf width to leaf length, among which leaf area and leaf length had a greater impact on the dust retention amount.

  Technical Mode of Vibrating Pulp Extraction and Side-deep Fertilization: Effect on Yield Characteristics and Fertilizer and Water Efficiency of Rice in Cold Region Huai Baodong, Sui Wenzhi, Li Peiran, Wang Andong, Lu Xianchun, Sun Xingrong 2020, 36 (26):  69-76.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb20200200077 Abstract + ( 282 )   HTML ( 5 )   PDF ( 1307KB )   ( 46 ) To solve the problems of large amount of irrigation water in steeping paddy fields and low fertilizer use efficiency caused by traditional flatting and puddling paddy field farming mode in northern cold region, in 2018-2019, we selected vibrating pulper and side deep fertilizer for water paddy field preparation as materials, and conducted the orthogonal experiment design with 2 land preparation modes and 2 fertilization modes, including flatting and puddling field paddy preparation(WPF), vibrating pulp extraction(VEP), base fertilizer application (CFA), and side deep fertilization(SDF). The impact of vibrating slurry and lateral deep fertilization technology model on irrigation amount of watering field, dry matter accumulation, yield index and economic cost of bubble field was studied. The results showed that compared with the mode of traditional flatting and puddling field paddy preparation + base fertilizer application (WPF + CFA), the other 3 technical modes of traditional flatting and puddling paddy field preparation and side deep fertilization (WPF+SDF), vibrating pulp extraction and conventional fertilizer application (VEP+CFA) and vibrating pulp extraction and side deep fertilization (VEP+SDF) had significant influence on water field irrigation amount, yield characteristics, fertilizer use efficiency and economic benefit. Among them, VEP+SDF had the greatest increase rate, WPF+SDF came next and VEP+CFA was the last. Compared with WPF+CFA, VEP + SDF mode could significantly improve fertilizer and water use efficiency, which saved field irrigation water by 11.4%, reduced fertilizer application by 10%, increased yield and economic benefit by 7.3% and 1628.7yuan/hm2, respectively. This study indicates that the VEP+SDF technical mode could significantly improve fertilizer and water efficiency, increase rice yield and economic benefit, which was an ideal technical mode of mechanized soil preparation and fertilization of rice in northern cold region.

  Co-composting of Agaric Fungus Chaff and Chicken Manure: Improving Effect on the Saline-alkali Soil Wang Yue, Liu Zhongshan, Liu Qi, Xu Henan, Yuan Runze, Li Chongwei, Song Fuqiang 2020, 36 (26):  77-82.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb20190700444 Abstract + ( 383 )   HTML ( 6 )   PDF ( 1420KB )   ( 105 ) To evaluate the potential of co-composting of edible fungus chaff and chicken manure to improve saline-alkali soil, we studied the physical index of co-composting of agaric fungus chaff and chicken manure, and determined the growth index of garlic seedlings by cultivating garlic in saline-alkali soil with mixed fertilizer. The results showed that: the growth index of garlic seedlings in saline-alkali soil with a certain proportion of agaric fungus chaff (control group) was better than that in saline-alkali soil without agaric fungus chaff (blank group), with significant difference (P<0.05); the growth index of garlic seedlings in saline-alkali soil with agaric fungus chaff and chicken manure (fermentation group) was better than that in saline-alkali soil with agaric fungus chaff (control group) only, with significant difference (P<0.05), and was also better than that without agaric fungus chaff (blank group) with very significant difference (P<0.01). Through the analysis of interactive experimental data, the optimum condition for co-composting was determined as: 15% fungus chaff, 8% chicken manure and 45% water content. Therefore, adding co-composting of agaric fungus chaff and chicken manure in saline-alkali soil can increase the crop yield, and is of practical significance for the efficient utilization of agricultural wastes and the protection of ecological environment.

  Climate Conditions: Effects on Coupling Relationship Between Meteorological Drought and Agricultural Drought Fan Jiazhi, Tan Shiqi, Wang Dan, Luo Yu, Zhang Jianjun, Geng Huan 2020, 36 (26):  83-92.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb20190700378 Abstract + ( 360 )   HTML ( 7 )   PDF ( 1604KB )   ( 49 ) Based on multi-time scale SPEI representing meteorological drought, and the historical multi-layers soil volumetric water content data from agro-meteorological stations as representative factors for agricultural drought, we explored the coupling relationship between meteorological drought and agricultural drought in subtropical monsoon climate region in eastern China, continental monsoon climate region in central China and moderate temperature arid climate region in western China, and conducted the analysis in combine with time delay as well. The results showed that: the overall correlation in the central region was the best, the worst was in the west, among them, the high correlation region had differences in different climatic regions, the longer time-scale of SPEI was more relevant with soil moisture in drier regions, the optimal time scale in western, central and eastern regions was September, June, April, respectively; precipitation infiltrated from soil surface to 50 cm depth within a month and then stored near that depth, to replenish surface soil moisture in the event of drought. Meteorological drought and agricultural drought are both water shortage phenomena, but the response time is not the same. Exploring the coupling relationship between the two is significant for enhancing the awareness of drought mechanism, as well as improving the ability of drought monitoring and mitigating and preventing drought.

  Walnut Trees in Main Phenological Periods in Jizhou: Agro-meteorological Disaster Regionalization Huang Jinying, Lu Shu, Yuan Shujie, Jin Haidong, Zhao Ran, Sun Xiaolin 2020, 36 (26):  93-105.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb20190700487 Abstract + ( 382 )   HTML ( 11 )   PDF ( 8049KB )   ( 216 ) Based on the data of Ground Conventional Meteorological Observatory in Jizhou and 43 regional stations in Tianjin from 1957 to 2018, we established the meteorological disaster indicators of walnut tree in main phenological periods, completed the spatialization of the index factors and analyzed their change with time, so as to provide information for the local planning of agricultural disaster prevention and control. We studied the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of agro-meteorological disasters of walnut trees in Jizhou, Tianjin by five-day moving average method, climatic tendency rate method, entropy method and linear weighted synthesis method, and carried out the comprehensive regionalization. The results showed that: (1) mild chilling injury at germination stage and mild heat injury at fruit growth stage tended to increase, while moderate chilling injury, freezing injury at germination stage, mild chilling injury at leaf development stage, moderate chilling injury at flowering stage and continuous rain disaster at fruit growth stage tended to decrease; (2) the frequency of freezing disasters at germination stage, leaf spreading stage and flowering stage were higher, all of which reached more than 60%; the frequency of other disasters was less than 20%, the frequency of heavy precipitation disaster was the lowest at fruit growth stage; (3) the comprehensive scoring of disasters in northeast and east Jizhou was relatively low, indicating these areas could be most suitable for planting walnut trees.

  Response of VCI to SPEI at Different Time Scales from 2000 to 2017 in Inner Mongolia Qu Xuebin, Yang Shuxiang, Wang Yanping, Zou Xiaohua 2020, 36 (26):  106-111.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb20190800521 Abstract + ( 492 )   HTML ( 8 )   PDF ( 1582KB )   ( 53 ) To understand the response of different vegetation types to meteorological drought indices at different time scales in Inner Mongolia, the authors calculated the correlation between VCI and the SPEI of 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 days time scale through using the monitoring data of 82 weather stations in Inner Mongolia and the MOD13Q1 vegetation monitoring products of NASA from 2000 to 2017. The results showed that the annual average variation of SPEI was basically the same in five different time scales, but annual variation trend was not obvious. The annual average VCI showed an extremely significant upward trend, its change tendency rate reached 0.129/10 a, and the vegetation condition was significantly improved. Different vegetation cover types were not sensitive to the effects of meteorological drought from late April to mid-May in Inner Mongolia. In late May, grassland VCI and SPEI showed significant or extremely significant positive correlation. In the middle of June, the cultivated land VCI was significantly or vey significantly positively correlated with SPEI. The study between VCI and SPEI at different time scales indicated that SPEI60 and SPEI90 should be used to monitor and predict the drought of grassland and cultivated land in Inner Mongolia, respectively, while the correlation between VCI and SPEI in forest and desert was declining, indicating that the impact of meteorological drought was not significant.

  Prevention and Control Strategy of Agricultural Non-point Source Pollution in Agricultural Parks Shi Xiaona, Chen Hong, Jiang Xucong, Gao Yi, Zhang Xiaoqian, Tang Xiaoqian, Xiao Xin 2020, 36 (26):  112-117.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb20190900637 Abstract + ( 193 )   HTML ( 5 )   PDF ( 1140KB )   ( 105 ) In the context of rural revitalization, agricultural parks have developed rapidly. As a basic carrier and an effective way to develop modern agriculture, they have played an increasingly important role in the process of upgrading and adjusting traditional agriculture. In the actual construction and development of the park, the problem of agricultural non-point source pollution has become increasingly apparent. Therefore, we should actively explore the industrial structure and ecological layout of mutual integration of industries and material multi-level circulation, and accelerate the comprehensive management of agricultural non-point source pollution. This study summarized the current status and problems of agricultural non-point source pollution in agricultural parks, analyzed its main causes from the aspects of park planning, policy, operation, capital and technology, and proposed agricultural non-point source pollution prevention and control strategies of planning first and comprehensive treatment. While scientifically and rationally formulating plans for agricultural parks, it is suggested to improve the policy system for the prevention and control of agricultural non-point source pollution, strengthen the construction of agricultural service management systems, and value the sustainable investment of funds at the same time, thus providing reference for the prevention of agricultural non-point source pollution in agricultural parks.

  Streptomyces and Its Metabolites Controlling Rice Blast: Research Progress Sun Jingwen, Du Chunmei 2020, 36 (26):  118-125.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb20190800518 Abstract + ( 384 )   HTML ( 7 )   PDF ( 1480KB )   ( 1398 ) Rice blast is one of the most devastating diseases of rice. For achieving sustainable development of rice industry, the research on effective biocontrol agents for rice blast is of certain significance. In the past few decades, Streptomyces active agents and an array of metabolites have been widely used in controlling rice blast and have shown high effectiveness, but it is still far from meeting the needs of production. As an antagonistic microorganism, Streptomyces is an important resource to develop biocontrol agents against rice blast. In recent years, it has been discovered that some Streptomyces active agents and an array of metabolites have good effect on rice blast by vitro experiments, greenhouse experiments and field experiments, which lay a good foundation for the development of new biocontrol agents to rice blast. The review summarizes current research status of biocontrol potential of Streptomyces and its metabolites on rice blast, and could provide a basis for the development of new biocontrol agents controlling rice blast.

  Oviductus Ranae and Oviducts of Bufo Gargarizans: Proteomics Analysis Su Wenjie, Zhang He, Li Jiangdan, Dong Ying, Li Xiangyan, Song Bailin, Zhao Daqing 2020, 36 (26):  126-135.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb20190600321 Abstract + ( 218 )   HTML ( 7 )   PDF ( 1566KB )   ( 49 ) The aim is to select differentially expressed proteins in oviducts of Chinese Brown frog (OR) and Bufo gargarizans (OBG), and then to find the relationship between these differentially expressed proteins and growth environment, hibernation as well as developments. The proteomics database of OR and OBG were established using iTRAQ technology combined with MS. By comparing the two proteomics database, GO annotation and bioinformatics analysis was conducted for the selected proteins. The results showed that there were 68 differential proteins, including 61 up-regulated proteins and 7 down-regulated proteins. In OR, 7 high expressed proteins were divided into 5 categories, mucins (PREDICTED: mucin-5AC-like, PREDICTED: similar to mucin, mCG142254, partial), collagen alpha-1(III) chain, PREDICTED: a-kinase anchor protein 13-like, PREDICTED: IgGFc-binding protein-like, and annexin A1, which mainly participated in immunomodulation and development. At same time, antifreeze ingredients were mainly mucins in OR, however which were lectin in OBG. 7 high expressed proteins were important proteins in OR, which could be used to distinguish OBG from OR. Exceptional swelling capacity of OR was closely related to a large amount of mucins.

  Benomyl Stress: Effects on the Microbial Community Structure in the Intestine of Honey Bees Dai Junjun, Shu Rui, Liu Jian, Zhang Yuping, Zhang Lili, Chen Ming, Zhao Ping, Liu Zhen 2020, 36 (26):  136-140.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb20190900692 Abstract + ( 233 )   HTML ( 6 )   PDF ( 1414KB )   ( 155 ) The objectives of this study are to determine the change rule of the main intestinal microbial community of honeybee under drug stress, which can provide theoretical references for further investigating the physiological function of intestinal symbiotic community and healthy cultivation of honeybee. The worker bees of Apis mellifera ligustica are used as experimental materials. The intestinal microflora structure was investigated by PCR-DGGE analysis before and after adding benomyl. A specific bright band emerged from the gel after PCR based on different variable regions of rDNA, which indicated that bacteria and fungi were resident in bee intestine. Five bands (2 main belts and 3 sub belts) of the V3 region of 16S rDNA of bacteria and three bands (1 main belt and 2 sub belts) of the 18S rDNA V1+V2 region of fungi were separated by PCR-DGGE, which indicated that there were abundant intestinal microorganisms in honeybee intestine. The bands of b, e, f, g gradually weakened or even disappeared, which indicated that the species and amount of bacteria and fungi in the intestines of honeybees decreased, so the benomyl stress had inhibitory effect on intestinal microorganisms. The benomyl stress can cause the imbalance of intestinal micro-ecology of honeybee, which will damage the normal physiological function of the body and seriously affect the health of honeybee.

  Digestive Enzyme Activity of Juvenile Alosa sapidissima in Two Pond Culture Modes: Comparison Jiang Fei, Liu Yongshi, Shi Yonghai, Yan Yinlong, Xu Jiabo, Deng Pingping 2020, 36 (26):  141-146.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb20190600249 Abstract + ( 238 )   HTML ( 6 )   PDF ( 1214KB )   ( 62 ) To select the suitable pond culture mode for juvenile Alosa sapidissima, juvenile Alosa sapidissima was used as material, and the digestive enzyme activities of juvenile Alosa sapidissima cultured in the outdoor pond and shaded pond were compared. The results showed that: at the earlier culture stage, the activity of amylase in the visceral mass of juvenile Alosa sapidissima cultured in outdoor pond was higher than that of shaded pond; in 43 days and 57 days, the activities of pepsin, trypsin and lipase in the visceral mass of juvenile Alosa sapidissima cultured in outdoor pond were higher than those of shaded pond, but in 15 days and 29 days, the situation was reverse. At the later culture stage, the activities of pepsin and trypsin in liver and stomach of juvenile Alosa sapidissima cultured in shaded pond were higher than those of outdoor pond in 79 days, 106 days and 120 days; and the activities of amylase and lipase in liver and stomach of juvenile Alosa sapidissima cultured in shaded pond were also higher than those of outdoor pond at 106 days and 120 days; the activities of pepsin and trypsin in the liver and stomach of juvenile Alosa sapidissima cultured in shaded pond were lower than those of outdoor pond in 92 days. Therefore, in the season of high temperature, the juvenile Alosa sapidissima should be cultured in outdoor pond directly.

  Genetic Diversity of Six Populations of Siniperca Chuatsi: Analysis Based on SSR Zhou Mengchen, Xu Dongpo, Fang Di’an, Zhou Yanfeng, Liu Kai, Zhang Minying 2020, 36 (26):  147-152.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb20191000741 Abstract + ( 233 )   HTML ( 6 )   PDF ( 1472KB )   ( 73 ) To study the genetic diversity and the status of germplasm resources in different populations of Siniperca chuatsi, based on microsatellite marking technology, preliminary analysis of genetic diversity was carried out in 96 individuals from 6 populations of Siniperca Chuatsi. The results showed that the average value of allele (Na) was from 2.2000 to 2.5000 by ten pairs selected microsatellite markers. The average expected heterozygosity (He) value was from 0.6489 to 0.7289, and the average polymorphic information content (PIC) was from 0.5614 to 0.6409 (PIC大鱼0.5). The genetic differentiation coefficient (Fst) among the populations was 0.0606 (0.05小鱼Fst小鱼0.15), and the gene flow (Nm) was 4.0151. The test indicated that other four populations deviated from Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium in some extent except Gaoyou and Jingjiang population, which mainly showed heterozygote deficiency. The UPGMA clustering showed that dangtu population formed an independent cluster, and the other five populations were another cluster. The study indicates that the genetic diversity of the six populations of Siniperca chuatsi is relatively high, there are a medium genetic differentiation and some gene flow among the six populations.

  Agricultural Total Factor Productivity and Its Impact on Agricultural Economic Growth in Guizhou Zhang Yang, Cui Haiyang 2020, 36 (26):  153-158.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb20191000715 Abstract + ( 184 )   HTML ( 4 )   PDF ( 1206KB )   ( 39 ) The core goal of China’s agricultural supply-side structural reform is to improve agricultural total factor productivity and its contribution to agricultural development. In order to test the agricultural total factor productivity of Guizhou and its impact on agricultural economic growth, relevant data of 9 regions from 2010 to 2017 were used to measure and decompose the agricultural total factor productivity by using non-parametric Malmquist index method, and the productivity’s promotion on agricultural economic growth was determined. The results showed that the main reason of agricultural total factor productivity growth in Guizhou was the technological progress rather than technical efficiency. The total factor productivity of agriculture in Guizhou varied widely among different regions. Technological progress and efficiency improvement had a significant positive effect on the agricultural economic growth in Guizhou, the input of agricultural machinery and the increase of sowing area still had a promoting effect on the growth of agricultural economy, while the input of labor force and the increase of using fertilizer did not play the above role.

  Development Level Evaluation of Modern Urban Agriculture Zhang Jingyi, Ma Jia 2020, 36 (26):  159-164.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb20190800583 Abstract + ( 343 )   HTML ( 5 )   PDF ( 1017KB )   ( 95 ) This paper uses the literature research method to sort out the domestic urban modern agricultural development level evaluation system from three aspects: evaluation index selection principle, evaluation index connotation and evaluation method. It is found that the domestic urban modern agricultural development level evaluation system is gradually perfected and the evaluation methods are rich. However, there are still some problems such as the determination of the connotation of indicators is too subjective; the research on functional indicators such as cultural indicators and urban agricultural tourism is less; the determination of the weight of evaluation indicators is too subjective; and the research objects are relatively simple. It is proposed that the future research should be carried out from the following aspects: (1)selecting typical indicators and focusing on factor analysis to make indicators more scientific and rational; (2)attaching importance to emerging indicators like culture and urban tourism, and integrating them with social, economic, and social development indicators to show the multi-functional characteristics of urban agriculture; (3)taking more mathematical construction model approaches to avoid subjective initiative in the assignment of index weights; (4)enriching the research subjects and conducting comparative studies between different subjects (including horizontal and vertical development levels). The study could provide certain references for the scientific evaluation of modern urban agriculture development level and the construction of a modern urban agricultural development level evaluation system.