Zinc Chitooligosaccharide: Effects on Disease Control, Fruit Quality and Yield of Greenhouse Tomato

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2020-0256

Abstract

Abstract:

To investigate the effect of zinc chitooligosaccharide (zinc-COS) on the disease control, fruit quality and yield of greenhouse tomato, the common plant pathogens and greenhouse tomato were used as research subjects. The antimicrobial activity of zinc-COS and its effect on disease control, plant growth, fruit quality and yield of tomato were determined by antimicrobial test and field experiments. The results showed that in the antimicrobial test, zinc-COS had a good inhibitory effect on various pathogens such as Pseudomonas syringae pv. lachrymans, Ralstonia solanacearum, FusaHum graminearum Sehw, Rhizoctonia solani Kühn, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Vesinfectum, etc., and the MIC values were significantly lower than that of conventional chemical bactericides. In the field experiments, compared with the control group under normal greenhouse management, the spraying of zinc-COS could significantly reduce and alleviate the occurrence of tomato plant diseases, and significantly promote the growth of tomato plant height and stem diameter, with relative increments of 17.11% and 53.89%. Moreover, the contents of soluble solid, solid acid ratio, reducing sugar, vitamin C and zinc in tomato fruit were increased by 5.88%, 11.90%, 27.88%, 51.60% and 87.91%, respectively. And the total acid content was reduced by 5.38%. Meanwhile, the total yield and yield of first-class fruit were increased by 23.35% and 30.73%, and there was no second-class fruit and inferior fruit. It can be seen that zinc-COS has a broad bacteriostasis spectrum, and better disease prevention, growth promotion, quality improvement and yield-increasing effects. Hence, zinc-COS has the dual-purpose of biological bactericide and fertilizer, and a certain value of development and application in agricultural production.

Key words: zinc chitooligosaccharide, tomato, greenhouse, facility agriculture, disease control effect, fruit quality, yield

CLC Number:

S476+.9

Yu Fenghui, Cheng Daoquan, Wang Xiangchuan, Zhou Qian, Wu Wenlei, Zhang Qian, Yang Chuanlun, Han Lixia, Wu Lei, Liu Haiyu, Xu Zeping. Zinc Chitooligosaccharide: Effects on Disease Control, Fruit Quality and Yield of Greenhouse Tomato[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2021, 37(9): 42-48.

Figures/Tables 8

References 34

[1]	贾京珠, 张天柱. 日光温室番茄典型病害及防治措施[J]. 现代园艺, 2020,1:173-174.
[2]	白体坤, 彭昌家, 丁攀, 等. 两种生物农药对温室大棚秋番茄病毒病的防治效果[J]. 贵州农业科学, 2016,44(8):36-38.
[3]	陈乐乐. 山东地区番茄叶霉病菌对四种杀菌剂的敏感性测定及田间防治技术研究[D]. 泰安:山东农业大学, 2017.
[4]	赵忠林. 大棚番茄常见病虫害防治措施[J]. 绿色植保, 2019,4:131-133.
[5]	王芳, 黄少贞, 胡玲玲. 7种杀菌剂对番茄早疫病的防效试验[J]. 中国农学通报, 2019,35(25):147-153.
[6]	董艳, 陈永福, 张和平. 番茄早疫病害微生物防治研究进展[J]. 中国农学通报, 2015,31(17):111-115.
[7]	杨子成. 大棚番茄种植技术及病虫害防治措施[J]. 农家参谋, 2017,13:39.
[8]	董文教. 番茄早疫病、晚疫病、灰霉病综合防治[J]. 西北园艺, 2013,11:4-5.
[9]	Chen Y F, Zhan Y, Zhao X M, et al. Functions of oligochitosan induced protein kinase in tobacco mosaic virus resistance and pathogenesis related proteins in tobacco[J]. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 2009,47(8):724-731. doi: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2009.03.009 URL
[10]	李博. 壳聚糖金属配合物对有机磷农药的降解作用研究[D]. 青岛:中国海洋大学, 2011.
[11]	周天仓, 赵华, 卫军锋, 等. 壳寡糖和丙森锌对果树花期冻害的预防效果[J]. 中国植保导刊, 2012,32(10):47-49.
[12]	尹恒. 一种用于促进小麦分蘖的壳寡糖复配制剂及其应用[P]. 中国专利:CN104705345B, 2018-3-20.
[13]	王士奎, 刘卫萍, 胡雪芳, 等. 寡聚酸合锌(Ⅱ)的合成及对烟草病毒病的防治[J]. 化学研究与应用, 2012,24(5):726-730.
[14]	Dapkekar A, Deshpande P, Oak M D, et al. Zinc use effciency is enhanced in wheat through nanofertilization[J]. Scientific Reports, 2018,8(1):6832. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-25247-5 pmid: 29717180
[15]	侯华民. 含有机锌的组合物及其用途[P]. 中国专利:CN106135263B, 2019-7-30.
[16]	Higazy A, Hashem M, Elshafei A, et al. Development of antimicrobial jute packaging using chitosan and chitosan-metal complex[J]. Carbohydrate Polymers, 2010,79(4):867-874. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2009.10.011 URL
[17]	卢琪洁, 王丽, 钱旭, 等. 壳寡糖锌配合物的制备及抑菌活性[J]. 食品研究与开发, 2018,39(6):58-65.
[18]	刘文欢, 李胜楠, 侯阁阁, 等. 不同营养复配剂叶面喷施对冬小麦干热风抗性及产量的影响[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2019,25(9):1600-1606.
[19]	贾舟, 陈艳龙, 赵爱青, 等. 硫酸锌和EDTA-Zn不同施用方法对第二季小麦籽粒锌和土壤锌有效性的影响[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2016,22(6):1595-1602.
[20]	Doolettel C L, Read T L, Cui L, et al. Foliar application of zinc sulphate and zinc EDTA to wheat leaves: differences in mobility, distribution, and speciation[J]. Journal of Experimental Botany, 2018,69(18):4469-4481. doi: 10.1093/jxb/ery236 pmid: 29931117
[21]	Wei Y Y, Shohag M J I, Yang X E. Biofortification and Bioavailability of Rice Grain Zinc as Affected by Different Forms of Foliar Zinc Fertilization[J]. Plos One, 2012,7(9):e45428. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0045428 URL pmid: 23029003
[22]	沈欣. 氨基酸对锌肥有效性的影响及其在水溶性锌肥研制中的应用[D]. 北京:中国农业科学院, 2016.
[23]	Helander I M, Nurmiaho-lassila E L, Ahvenainen R, et al. Chitosan disrupts the barrier properties of the Outer Membrane of Gram-negative Bacteria[J]. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 2001,71:235-244. doi: 10.1016/s0168-1605(01)00609-2 URL pmid: 11789941
[24]	Yin H, Zhao X, Du Y. Oligochitosan: A plant diseases vaccine—A review[J]. Carbohydrate Polymers, 2010,82(1):1-8. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2010.03.066 URL
[25]	Yin H, Zhao X M, Bai X F, et al. Molecular Cloning and Characterization of a Brassica napus L. MAP Kinase Involved in Oligochitosan-Induced Defense Signaling[J]. Plant Molecular Biology Reporter, 2009,28:292-301. doi: 10.1007/s11105-009-0152-x URL
[26]	杨普云, 李萍, 王战鄂, 等. 植物免疫诱抗剂氨基寡糖素的应用效果与前景分析[J]. 中国植保导刊, 2013,( 3):20-21.
[27]	周林媛, 林云红, 熊茜, 等. 氨基寡糖素与镁锌混配对烟草TMV的防控效果及生理分析 [J]. 湖南农业科学, 2018,5:68-70.
[28]	王子腾, 耿元波. 国内外主要粮食作物对施用锌肥响应的研究进展[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2018,24(3):805-816.
[29]	Singh A, Shivay Y S. Effects of Green Manures and Zinc Fertilizer Sources on DTPA-Extractable Zinc in Soil and Zinc Content in Basmati Rice Plants at Different Growth Stages[J]. Pedosphere, 2019,29(4):504-515.
[30]	Winkler A J, Dominguez-nuñez J A, Aranaz I, et al. Short-Chain Chitin Oligomers: Promoters of Plant Growth[J]. marine drugs, 2017,15:40. doi: 10.3390/md15020040 URL
[31]	曾海红, 王江, 及春勇, 等. 田间使用壳寡糖对茶叶芽长和品质的影响[J]. 辽宁农业科学, 2015,6:13-16.
[32]	张健. 一种壳寡糖锌螯合物及其制备方法和应用[P]. 中国专利:CN109354633A, 2019.02.19.
[33]	Grzebisz W, Wronska M, Diatta J B, et al. Effect of zinc foliar application at an early stage of maize growth on patterns of utrients and dry matter accumulation by the canopy: Part I. Zinc ptake patterns and its redistribution among maize organs[J]. Journal of Elementology, 2008,13(1):17-28.
[34]	Ram H, Sohu V S, Cakmak I, et al. Agronomic fortification of rice and wheat grains with zinc for nutritional security[J]. Current Science, 2015,109(6):1171-1176. doi: 10.18520/cs/v109/i6/1171-1176 URL

药剂	药剂对细菌的抑制情况
药剂	药剂浓度/%	黄瓜角斑病原菌	药剂浓度/%	姜瘟病原菌	药剂浓度/%	大肠杆菌
壳寡糖	0.025	126	0.05	135	0.025	78
	0.05	11	0.10	13	0.05	9
	0.10	0	0.20	0	0.10	0
壳寡糖锌	0.01	179	0.01	142	0.01	168
	0.025	12	0.025	10	0.025	97
	0.05	0	0.05	0	0.05	0
氢氧化铜制剂	0.05	多不可计	0.025	163	0.05	194
	0.10	150	0.05	35	0.10	89
	0.15	0	0.10	0	0.15	0
苦参总碱	0.05	多不可计	0.05	多不可计	0.05	多不可计
	0.10	198	0.10	162	0.10	101
	0.20	0	0.20	0	0.20	0

药剂	药剂对细菌的抑制情况
药剂	药剂浓度/%	黄瓜角斑病原菌	药剂浓度/%	姜瘟病原菌	药剂浓度/%	大肠杆菌
壳寡糖	0.025	126	0.05	135	0.025	78
	0.05	11	0.10	13	0.05	9
	0.10	0	0.20	0	0.10	0
壳寡糖锌	0.01	179	0.01	142	0.01	168
	0.025	12	0.025	10	0.025	97
	0.05	0	0.05	0	0.05	0
氢氧化铜制剂	0.05	多不可计	0.025	163	0.05	194
	0.10	150	0.05	35	0.10	89
	0.15	0	0.10	0	0.15	0
苦参总碱	0.05	多不可计	0.05	多不可计	0.05	多不可计
	0.10	198	0.10	162	0.10	101
	0.20	0	0.20	0	0.20	0

药剂	最低抑菌浓度/%
药剂	黄瓜角斑病原菌	姜瘟病原菌	大肠杆菌
壳寡糖	0.10	0.20	0.10
壳寡糖锌	0.05	0.05	0.05
氢氧化铜制剂	0.15	0.10	0.15
苦参总碱	0.20	0.20	0.20

药剂	最低抑菌浓度/%
药剂	黄瓜角斑病原菌	姜瘟病原菌	大肠杆菌
壳寡糖	0.10	0.20	0.10
壳寡糖锌	0.05	0.05	0.05
氢氧化铜制剂	0.15	0.10	0.15
苦参总碱	0.20	0.20	0.20

药剂	药剂对真菌的抑制情况（菌丝抑制率/%）
药剂	药剂浓度/%	辣椒疫霉病原菌	药剂浓度/%	苹果腐烂病原菌	药剂浓度/%	小麦赤霉病原菌	药剂浓度/%	水稻纹枯病原菌	药剂浓度/%	棉花枯萎病原菌
壳寡糖锌	0.1	67	0.6	47.42	1.2	75.29	1.2	75.21	1.2	76.72
	0.2	82	0.8	73.71	1.3	82.76	1.3	80.17	1.3	82.76
	0.4	100	1.0	100	1.4	100	1.4	100	1.4	100
稻瘟酰胺	0.1	17.88	0.1	79.58	1.2	65	1.2	80.58	1.2	68.97
	0.2	30	0.2	88.35	1.3	79.41	1.3	76.86	1.3	59.05
	0.4	100	0.4	100	1.4	82.35	1.4	74.38	1.4	74.14