Bacillus velezensis: Toxicity and Field Efficacy Against Cucumber Powdery Mildew and Its Safety Evaluation

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0208

Abstract

Abstract:

The study aims to explore the control effect of microbial fungicide Bacillus velezensis on cucumber powdery mildew in field. Five cucumber varieties were used in the experiment including ‘Zhongnong 26’, ‘Jinpei 98’, ‘Changchunmici’, ‘Jinyu 168’ and ‘Xuebaihuanggua’. The toxicity of Bacillus velezensis against Sphaerotheca fuliginea of ‘Zhongnong 26’ was determined by pot method in the laboratory, the control efficacy on ‘Jinyu 168’ and ‘Xuebaihuanggua’ were investigated in Shangdong and Sichuan, and the safety evaluation on ‘Zhongnong 26’, ‘Jinpei 98’ and ‘Changchunmici’ were conducted by pot method. Under indoor condition, the EC₅₀ value of Bacillus velezensis on ‘Zhongnong 26’ was 26.7 million CFU/mL, and the activity was relative high. The control efficacy of Bacillus velezensis in Shangdong and Sichuan was 62.08%-75.58% 14 d after two times of application, which was significantly better than that of control pesticides. The growth inhibition rate of ‘Zhongnong 26’, ‘Jinpei 98’ and ‘Changchunmici’ had no significant difference when the varieties were sprayed 20 billion CFU/g Bacillus velezensis SG at the dosage of 3000, 6000 and 12000 g a.i./hm², indicating the safety of the fungicide. Bacillus velezensis has good indoor activity and control efficacy against cucumber powdery mildew, and it is safe for cucumber and can be promoted for application.

Key words: Bacillus velezensis, cucumber powdery mildew, microbial fungicide, toxicity, safety, field efficacy

XIA Lijuan, XU Zhonghuai, DONG Xuejuan, WAN Li. Bacillus velezensis: Toxicity and Field Efficacy Against Cucumber Powdery Mildew and Its Safety Evaluation[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2023, 39(6): 111-115.

Figures/Tables 3

References 20

[1]	揣红运, 谢学文, 石延霞, 等. 枯草芽胞杆菌微粉剂的研制及其对黄瓜白粉病的防治效果[J]. 植物病理学报, 2019, 49(5):660-669.
[2]	张晓云, 李宝庆, 郭庆港, 等. 枯草芽孢杆菌CAB-1抑菌蛋白对黄瓜白粉病的防治作用[J]. 中国生物防治学报, 2012, 28(3):375-380.
[3]	毕扬, 张艳杰, 郭巍, 等. 防治西葫芦和黄瓜白粉病的生物制剂的筛选[J]. 植物保护, 2016, 42(5):234-237,241.
[4]	张丽荣, 陈杭, 杜玉宁, 等. 不同生物农药对黄瓜白粉病和霜霉病的防治试验[J]. 农药, 2019, 58(11):831-833.
[5]	王帅宇, 杨文, 贾峰勇, 等. 防治黄瓜白粉病轮换药剂的筛选[J]. 中国植保导刊, 2021, 41(5):84-86.
[6]	姚海利, 贺丽萍, 吴长兴, 等. 7种杀菌剂对黄瓜白粉病的防治效果[J]. 浙江农业科学, 2021, 62(8):1589-1591.
[7]	周益林, 段霞瑜, 盛宝钦. 植物白粉病的化学防治进展[J]. 农药学学报, 2001(2):12-18.
[8]	NAM M H. Biological control of strawberry Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.fragariae using Bacillus velezensis BS87 and RK1 formulation[J]. J microbiol biotechnol, 2009, 19(5):520-524. doi: 10.4014/jmb.0805.333 URL
[9]	肖倩, 李守望, 梁晨, 等. 贝莱斯芽孢杆菌对黄瓜霜霉病的作用方式和持效期[J]. 农药, 2021, 60(11): 829-831.
[10]	杨可, 司文, 林海, 等. 利用响应面分析法优化贝莱斯芽孢杆菌TCS001的发酵条件[J]. 农药学学报, 2019, 21(4):444-452.
[11]	张德锋, 高艳侠, 王亚军, 等. 贝莱斯芽孢杆菌的分类、拮抗功能及其应用研究进展[J]. 微生物学通报, 2020, 47(11):3634-3649.
[12]	张小利, 潘洪吉, 陶永梅, 等. 贝莱斯芽孢杆菌NSZ-YBGJ001对草莓白粉病的防治效果研究[J]. 农药科学与管理, 2020, 41(4):53-56.
[13]	安依凡, 韩猛, 姚峰, 等. 贝莱斯芽孢杆菌RJW-5-5对烟草赤星病菌的拮抗研究[J]. 安徽农业科学, 2021, 49(6):130-133.
[14]	李永丽, 周洲, 尹新明. 贝莱斯芽孢杆菌Mr12预防苹果轮纹病等病害的潜力及其全基因组分析[J]. 果树学报, 2021, 38(9):1459-1467.
[15]	SALDAJENO M G B, CHANDANIE W A, KUBOTA M, et al. Effects of interactions of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and beneficial saprophytic mycoflora on plant growth and disease protection[J]. Springer Netherlands, 2008, 16(9):211-226.
[16]	CUI L, YANG C, WEI L, et al. Isolation and identification of an endophytic bacteria Bacillus velezensis 8-4 exhibiting biocontrol activity against potato scab[J]. Biological control, 2020, 141:104156. doi: 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2019.104156 URL
[17]	DHOUIB H, ZOUARI I, ABDALLAH D B, et al. Potential of a novel endophytic Bacillus velezensis in tomato growth promotion and protection against Verticillium wilt disease[J]. Biological control, 2019, 139:104092. doi: 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2019.104092 URL
[18]	TRINH T H T, WANG S L, NGUYEN V B, et al. A potent antifungal rhizobacteria Bacillus velezensis RB.DS29 isolated from black pepper (Piper nigrum L.)[J]. Research on chemical intermediates, 2019, 45(11):5309-5323. doi: 10.1007/s11164-019-03971-5 URL
[19]	熊宏玉, 郭永星, 王婉莹, 等. 枯草芽孢杆菌对黄瓜白粉病的生物防治[J]. 云南农业, 2021(10):65-67.
[20]	唐萍, 代飞燕, 吴毅歆, 等. 贝莱斯芽孢杆菌DJB5的生物安全性评价[J]. 南方农业学报, 2019, 50(12):2720-2727.

药剂	毒力回归方程	相关系数	EC₅₀(95%CL)/（亿孢子/mL）	EC₉₀(95%CL)/（亿孢子/mL）
贝莱斯芽孢杆菌	y=1.006+1.753x	0.9986	0.267 (0.024~0.650)	1.445(0.598~1.268)
枯草芽孢杆菌	y=0.317+1.379x	0.9958	0.589 (0.178~1.290)	5.313(2.010~3.459)

药剂	毒力回归方程	相关系数	EC₅₀(95%CL)/（亿孢子/mL）	EC₉₀(95%CL)/（亿孢子/mL）
贝莱斯芽孢杆菌	y=1.006+1.753x	0.9986	0.267 (0.024~0.650)	1.445(0.598~1.268)
枯草芽孢杆菌	y=0.317+1.379x	0.9958	0.589 (0.178~1.290)	5.313(2.010~3.459)

药剂	有效用量/(g.i./hm²)	山东				四川
药剂	有效用量/(g.i./hm²)	病情指数	第2次药后 7d防效/%	病情指数	第2次药后 14d防效/%	病情指数	第2次药后 7d防效/%	病情指数	第2次药后 14d防效/%
试验药剂	1500	3.66	64.48±1.78b	5.50	62.08±1.91c	3.05	64.80±1.90b	5.17	65.77±2.08b
	2250	3.02	68.94±1.92b	4.51	67.13±2.12b	2.58	70.17±2.14ab	4.22	72.07±1.79ab
	3000	2.38	75.27±1.64a	3.56	74.16±2.04a	2.02	76.68±1.75a	3.69	75.58±1.54a
对照药剂	1260	3.51	66.19±2.01b	5.14	65.23±1.70bc	2.07	76.13±1.75a	3.84	74.61±1.59a
空白对照(CK)	-	10.84	-	15.42	-	8.65	-	15.12	-

药剂	有效用量/(g.i./hm²)	山东				四川
药剂	有效用量/(g.i./hm²)	病情指数	第2次药后 7d防效/%	病情指数	第2次药后 14d防效/%	病情指数	第2次药后 7d防效/%	病情指数	第2次药后 14d防效/%
试验药剂	1500	3.66	64.48±1.78b	5.50	62.08±1.91c	3.05	64.80±1.90b	5.17	65.77±2.08b
	2250	3.02	68.94±1.92b	4.51	67.13±2.12b	2.58	70.17±2.14ab	4.22	72.07±1.79ab
	3000	2.38	75.27±1.64a	3.56	74.16±2.04a	2.02	76.68±1.75a	3.69	75.58±1.54a
对照药剂	1260	3.51	66.19±2.01b	5.14	65.23±1.70bc	2.07	76.13±1.75a	3.84	74.61±1.59a
空白对照(CK)	-	10.84	-	15.42	-	8.65	-	15.12	-

药剂	有效用量/(g a.i./hm²)	黄瓜品种	株高生长抑制率/%	药害株数（株）/药害级别
药剂	有效用量/(g a.i./hm²)	黄瓜品种	株高生长抑制率/%	7 d	14 d	21 d
200亿孢子/g贝莱斯芽孢杆菌可溶粒剂	3000	金胚98	-5.79±0.39a	0/-	0/-	0/-
	6000		-8.35±1.52a	0/-	0/-	0/-
	12000		-7.91±1.24a	0/-	0/-	0/-
	3000	中农26	-7.84±0.96a	0/-	0/-	0/-
	6000		-8.63±0.69a	0/-	0/-	0/-
	12000		-8.64±0.89a	0/-	0/-	0/-
	3000	长春密刺	-5.45±1.10a	0/-	0/-	0/-
	6000		-6.23±1.05a	0/-	0/-	0/-
	12000		-5.70±0.43a	0/-	0/-	0/-
空白对照CK	-	中农26/金胚98/长春密刺	-	0/-	0/-	0/-