Effects of Different Ratios of Ammonium Nitrogen and Nitrate Nitrogen on Yield and Quality of Sonchus arvensis

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0337

Abstract

Abstract:

A pot experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of different ratios of NH₄⁺-N and NO₃^--N on the yield and quality of Sonchus arvensis. Vermiculite was used as cultivation substrate, and total nitrogen concentration was 15 mmol/L. Five ratios of NH₄⁺-N and NO₃^--N (100/0, 75/25, 50/50, 25/75, 0/100) were designed in the experiment. The 40-day seedlings were harvested, then indexes related to the yield and quality were determined. The results showed that the S. arvensis preferred nitrate, the yield increased along with the increase of NO₃^--N content, and the yield of plant supplied with only NH₄⁺-N nutrition solution was the lowest. There was no significant difference in yield between 50/50 treatment and 25/75 treatment, but the leaf area, total nitrogen content and total phosphorus content in shoots of 50/50 treatment were 1.21, 1.15 and 1.47 times of 25/75 treatment, respectively. Moreover, the nitrate and Vc contents of 50/50 treatment was 2.23 times and 1.12 times of 25/75 treatment, respectively. However, proper combination NH₄⁺-N with NO₃^--N could significantly reduce the nitrate content to the level of raw food, and increased the chlorophyll content. The research suggested that 50/50 treatment was better for yield and quality.

Key words: Sonchus arvensis, ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, yield, quality

CHEN Fangling, WANG Changxian. Effects of Different Ratios of Ammonium Nitrogen and Nitrate Nitrogen on Yield and Quality of Sonchus arvensis[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2024, 40(10): 29-34.

Figures/Tables 6

References 33

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处理(NH₄⁺-N/NO₃^--N)	(NH₄)₂SO₄	Ca(NO₃)·4H₂O	KNO₃	K₂SO₄	CaSO₄·2H₂O
100/0	991.05	0.00	0.00	435.65	860.0
75/25	742.50	0.00	378.75	108.75	860.0
50/50	495.52	885.56	0.00	435.65	645.0
25/75	247.50	737.50	505.00	0.00	322.5
0/100	0.00	1180.00	505.00	0.00	0.0

处理(NH₄⁺-N/NO₃^--N)	(NH₄)₂SO₄	Ca(NO₃)·4H₂O	KNO₃	K₂SO₄	CaSO₄·2H₂O
100/0	991.05	0.00	0.00	435.65	860.0
75/25	742.50	0.00	378.75	108.75	860.0
50/50	495.52	885.56	0.00	435.65	645.0
25/75	247.50	737.50	505.00	0.00	322.5
0/100	0.00	1180.00	505.00	0.00	0.0

处理(NH₄⁺-N/NO₃^--N)	叶面积/×10^-4 m²	地上部鲜重/(g/株)
100/0	122.16a	2.2270b
75/25	170.06a	4.4045a
50/50	206.19a	4.4720a
25/75	138.36a	4.8888a
0/100	94.91b	4.8940a

处理(NH₄⁺-N/NO₃^--N)	叶面积/×10^-4 m²	地上部鲜重/(g/株)
100/0	122.16a	2.2270b
75/25	170.06a	4.4045a
50/50	206.19a	4.4720a
25/75	138.36a	4.8888a
0/100	94.91b	4.8940a

处理(NH₄⁺-N/NO₃^--N)	根系体积/mL	根系阳离子交换量/(cmol/kg)	总吸收面积/m²	活跃吸收面积/m²	活跃吸收面积百分比/%
100/0	1.200	58.27c	0.87ab	0.36ab	27.39
75/25	1.400	68.73bc	1.76a	0.62ab	31.98
50/50	1.325	104.84a	1.69a	0.61ab	35.83
25/75	1.575	72.59bc	1.78a	0.76a	42.65
0/100	1.000	91.93ab	0.76b	0.15b	19.01