Abstract: The paper aims to get a comprehensive understanding of the medicinal plant resources in Beijing, and enhance their protection and utilization. The paper used ways of field investigation and literature review. The results showed that there were 473 species of medicinal plants belonging to 314 genera and 98 families in Beijing. The plant life type included tree, shrub, woody vine and herb. Herbal medicinal plant was the biggest type, accounting for 85% of all medicinal plants in Beijing. In the areal-types of genera of medicinal plants in Beijing, 23.57% of all medicinal plants belonged to the north temperate zone. According to parts that used for medicine, medicinal plants could be divided into root and rhizome, stem, bark, leaves, flowers, fruit or seed and whole plant type. The whole plant type accounted for 45% of all medicinal plants in Beijing. The application types of medicinal plants in Beijing were medicinal plants plants used for medicine and food, plants used for medicine and ornamental. According to different ecotypes, there were heliophile and shade-requiring medicinal plants in Beijing. In order to further protect and utilize the medicinal plant resources in Beijing, in combining with the investigation results and the requirement of the under-forestry economy development, some suggestions were put forward.