Medium and Microelements Fertilizer: Effects on Plant Type and Dry Matter Accumulation of Super Hybrid Indica Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18050075

Abstract

Abstract: To explore the effects of medium and microelements fertilizer on plant type and dry matter accumulation of super hybrid Indica rice, the super rice variety ‘ Tianyou 3618 ’ was used as test material, field experiments were conducted in the early season and late season respectively in 2014. Four different medium and microelements fertilizer application treatments were set as CK (0 kg/hm 2 ), T1 (375 kg/hm 2 ), T2 (750 kg/hm 2 )and T3 (1125 kg/hm 2 ). The plant type (including the leaf length and width of the upper three leaves, the thickness and the opening angle of the flag leaf), the relative content of chlorophyll (SPAD value) of the first leaf from the top, and dry matter accumulation dynamics of populations were analyzed. The results showed that,the leaf length, leaf thickness and leaf width had an increasing trend with medium and microelements fertilizer treatment in the early season in 2014, indicating that medium and microelements fertilizer treatment affected leaf morphology. In addition, the relative content of chlorophyll showed an increasing trend, while the openingangle of the up three leaves showed a decreasing trend with medium and microelements fertilizer applications.Medium and microelements fertilizer also had a certain promotion function on dry matter accumulation. The reasons were that the plant type and dry matter accumulation of super hybrid rice were not only related with the type of fertilizer elements, but also related with the combined application of fertilizer elements, and the basic soil fertility and other factors. The results of this research indicated that the medium and microelements fertilizer with 375 kg/hm 2 treatment had positive effects on the plant type, and further increasing the dose of medium and microelements fertilizer had no significant effect on plant type and dry matter accumulation.

CLC Number:

S511

References

[1]Chen F D, Cheng L D, Neng X X, et al. Double-purpose rice (Oryza sativa L.) variety selection and their morphological traits[J]. Field Crops Research, 2013, 149(149): 276-282.
[2]蔡星星, 张盛, 王欢, 等.水稻株型基因的研究现状及应用前景[J]. 分子植物育种,2017,15(7): 2809-2814.
[3]唐文邦, 张桂莲, 肖应辉, 等. 三个C 两优杂交稻组合的株型及干物质生产特性[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2011, 25(2):189-194.
[4]马均, 马文波, 明东风, 等. 重穗型水稻株型特性研究[J]. 中国农业科学, 2006, 39(4): 679-685.
[5]杨守仁. 水稻株形研究的进展[J].1982, 8(3): 205-210.
[6]Li GH, X L, Gu W, et al. Comparison of yield components and plant type characteristics of high-yield rice between Taoyuan, a ''special eco-site'' and Nanjing, China[J]. Field Crops Research, 2009, 112(2): 214-221.
[7]李景蕻, 李刚华, 张应贵, 等. 精确定量栽培对高海拔寒冷生态区水稻株型及产量的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2009,42(9): 3067-3077.
[8]鲁伟林, 段仁周, 余新春, 等. 不同施氮量对水稻株型特征和穗部性状的影响[J]. 河南农业科学, 2012, 41(1): 40-44.
[9]Tsunoda, S . A developmental analysis of yielding ability in varieties of ?eld crops. I. Leaf area per plant and leaf area ratio[J]. Japanese Journal of Breed, 1959a, 9(2, 3):161-168.
[10]Tsunoda, S. A developmental analysis of yielding ability in varieties of field crops. II. The assimilation-system of plants as affected by the form, direction and arrangement of single leaves [J]. Japanese Journal of Breed,1959b, 9(4):161-168.
[11]Tsunoda, S. A developmental analysis of yielding ability in varieties of ?eld crops. III. The depth of green color and the nitrogen content of leaves[J]. Japanese Journal of Breed, 1960, 10(2):107-111.
[12]Tsunoda, S. A developmental analysis of yielding ability in varieties of ?eld crops. IV. Quantitative and spatial development of the stem-system [J]. Japanese Journal of Breed, 1961, 12(1), 49-55.
[13]曾勇军, 吕伟生, 潘晓华, 等. 氮肥追施方法和追用时期对超级早稻株型及物质生产的影响[J]. 作物学报,2014, 40(11): 2008-2015.
[14]林洪鑫, 潘晓华, 石庆华, 等. 栽插密度与施氮量对双季稻上部三叶叶长和叶角的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2010, 36(10): 1743-1751.
[15]闫川, 丁艳锋, 王强盛, 等. 穗肥施量对水稻植株形态、群体生态及穗叶温度的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2008, 34(12): 2176–2183.
[16]韦业建, 廖日艳, 黄霞, 等. 有机活性钙镁硅肥对甘蔗产质量及效益的影响[J]. 中国糖料, 2017, 39 (6): 40-42.
[17]丁玉川, 罗伟, 徐国华. 镁、钾营养及其交互作用对水稻产量、产量构成因素和养分吸收的影响[J].水土保持学报,2008, 22(3):178-182.
[18]龚金龙, 胡雅杰, 龙厚元, 等. 不同时期施硅对超级稻产量和硅素吸收、利用效率的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2012, 45(8): 1475-1488.
[19]郭九信, 隋标, 商庆银, 等. 氮锌互作对水稻产量及籽粒氮、锌含量的影响[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2012, 18( 6): 1336-1342.
[20]付力成, 王人民, 孟杰, 等. 叶面锌、铁配施对水稻产量、品质及锌铁分布的影响及其品种差异[J].中国农业科学, 2010,43(24):5009-5018.
[21]冯绪猛, 郭九信, 王玉雯, 等. 锌肥品种与施用方法对水稻产量和锌含量的影响[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2016, 22(5): 1329-1338.
[22]Emin B E, Umit B K, Yasemin C, et al. Improved nitrogen nutrition enhances root uptake, root-to-shoot translocation and remobilization of zinc (65Zn) in wheat[J]. 2011, 189(2):438-448.
[23]李惠芬, 张彬, 黄庆, 等. 中微量元素肥料不同用量对超级稻品种倒伏及产量的影响[J]. 中国稻米, 2016, 22(2) :21-26.
[24]杜立丰, 高丽锋, 周荣华, 等. 基于重组自交系群体的小麦光温生产效率分析及新品系培育[J]. 中国农业科学, 2013, 46(8): 1523-1532.
[25]韦还和, 李超, 张洪程, 等. 水稻甬优12不同产量群体的株型特征[J]. 作物学报, 2014, 40(12): 2160-2168.
[26]Chen Y D, Zhang X, Zhou X Q, et al. Preliminary Studies on Thickness of Nondestructive Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Leaf Blade [J]. Agricultural Sciences in China, 2007, 6(7): 802-807.
[27]孙义祥, 袁鳗鳗, 邹刚. 不同土壤肥力水平下钙对水稻专用肥增产效应的影响[J].中国农学通报, 2014, 30(9):77-81.
[28]张海鹏. 钙镁磷型复混肥对水稻生长、产量的影响及其作用机理研究[D]. 湖南农业大学,2013.
[29]刘峰, 张军, 张文吉. 氧化钙对水稻幼苗的生理作用研究[J]. 植物学通报, 2001.18(4):190-195.
[30]谭宏伟, 周柳强, 谢如林, 等. 木薯对氮、磷、钾、镁、锌、硼的吸收特性及施肥效应[J]. 南方农业学报, 2013, 44(1):81-86.