Analysis of Plankton Community Structure Characteristics of Lotus Root-Crayfish Culture Model in Different Areas of Northern Jiangsu

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0345

Abstract

Abstract:

Lotus root-crayfish culture is an ecological farming model that combines lotus root planting and crayfish culture. However, crayfish is an omnivorous aquatic animal. Due to the existence of pond crayfish and the uncertainty of the breeding environment, it is difficult to accurately determine the feeding amount. In order to improve the breeding strategy of lotus root-crayfish culture and provide a theoretical basis for the breeding parameters, this paper studied the community structure characteristics of plankton in different areas of northern Jiangsu. Through the analysis of physical and chemical indexes of water and the species and quantity of plankton of lotus root -crayfish culture model in 6 areas, including Xinghua in Taizhou, Baoying in Yangzhou, Jinhu in Huai'an, Yandu in Yancheng, Suining in Xuzhou and Zhongyang in Suqian, we used the diversity index method to carry out the biological evaluation of the aquaculture water environment. A total of 29 species of phytoplankton belonging to 26 genera were identified in Baoying of Yangzhou. The average density and biomass were 1.6×10⁶ ind./L and 1.21 mg/L, respectively. The density of Chlorophyta was the highest. The Shannon-Wiener diversity index, Simpson dominance index and Pielou evenness index of phytoplankton in Baoying were higher than those of the other 5 areas; its community structure and biodiversity of plankton were complex, and the water environment was more stable. There were certain differences in the community structure of plankton in lotus root-crayfish culture ponds in the 6 areas of northern Jiangsu, and the water environment of the ponds in Baoying of Yangzhou was relatively good.

Key words: lotus root-crayfish culture, plankton, community structure, diversity index, water quality evaluation

LIAO Heting, ZHENG Yao, WANG Ning, AN Shuwei, Gu Lingling, CHEN Jiazhang. Analysis of Plankton Community Structure Characteristics of Lotus Root-Crayfish Culture Model in Different Areas of Northern Jiangsu[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2023, 39(8): 156-164.

Figures/Tables 7

References 28

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地区	莲藕品种	小龙虾投放方式	莲藕产量/(kg/m²)	小龙虾产量/(kg/m²)
S1	大紫红	每年3月下旬按0.053 kg/m²投放虾苗	2.625	0.112
S2	大紫红	每年6月中旬按0.037 kg/m²投放规格为10克大小的虾苗	1.780	0.150
S3	白莲藕	每年3月下旬按0.060 kg/m²投放虾苗	1.500	0.112
S4	大紫红	每年7月下旬按0.015 kg/m²投放虾苗	2.625	0.075
S5	荷藕	每年6月中旬按0.034 kg/m²投放虾苗	2.400	0.150
S6	浅水藕	每年6月下旬按0.045 kg/m²投放虾苗	3.750	0.150

地区	莲藕品种	小龙虾投放方式	莲藕产量/(kg/m²)	小龙虾产量/(kg/m²)
S1	大紫红	每年3月下旬按0.053 kg/m²投放虾苗	2.625	0.112
S2	大紫红	每年6月中旬按0.037 kg/m²投放规格为10克大小的虾苗	1.780	0.150
S3	白莲藕	每年3月下旬按0.060 kg/m²投放虾苗	1.500	0.112
S4	大紫红	每年7月下旬按0.015 kg/m²投放虾苗	2.625	0.075
S5	荷藕	每年6月中旬按0.034 kg/m²投放虾苗	2.400	0.150
S6	浅水藕	每年6月下旬按0.045 kg/m²投放虾苗	3.750	0.150

水质指标	S1	S2	S3	S4	S5	S6
DO/(mg/L)	19.4±0.39	13.84±0.25	10.42±0.22	8.61±0.35	3.99±0.08	12.34±0.75
pH	9.73±0.02	9.31±0.18	9.18±0.25	8.93±0.25	8.88±0.19	9.33±0.38
COD_Mn/(mg/L)	12.51±0.43	2.28±0.09	12.83±0.62	11.23±0.54	10.24±0.49	10.75±0.66
TN/(mg/L)	1.07±0.06	1.03±0.06	1.73±0.1	0.92±0.04	1.44±0.08	1.78±0.11
TP/(mg/L)	0.12±0.01	0.07±0	0.03±0	0.44±0.02	1.16±0.06	0.07±0
NH₃-N/(mg/L)	0.24±0.01	0.23±0.01	0.52±0.03	0.31±0.01	0.31±0.02	0.43±0.02
NO₃^--N/(mg/L)	0.33±0.02	0.64±0.03	0.38±0.02	0.21±0	0.01±0	0.19±0.01
NO₂^--N/(mg/L)	0.0225±0	0.0039±0	0.0010±0	0.0114±0	0.0078±0	0.0025±0
Chl-a/(μg/L)	1.68±0.08	11.87±0.85	1.12±0.08	4.99±0.37	4.71±0.52	37.85±1.51

水质指标	S1	S2	S3	S4	S5	S6
DO/(mg/L)	19.4±0.39	13.84±0.25	10.42±0.22	8.61±0.35	3.99±0.08	12.34±0.75
pH	9.73±0.02	9.31±0.18	9.18±0.25	8.93±0.25	8.88±0.19	9.33±0.38
COD_Mn/(mg/L)	12.51±0.43	2.28±0.09	12.83±0.62	11.23±0.54	10.24±0.49	10.75±0.66
TN/(mg/L)	1.07±0.06	1.03±0.06	1.73±0.1	0.92±0.04	1.44±0.08	1.78±0.11
TP/(mg/L)	0.12±0.01	0.07±0	0.03±0	0.44±0.02	1.16±0.06	0.07±0
NH₃-N/(mg/L)	0.24±0.01	0.23±0.01	0.52±0.03	0.31±0.01	0.31±0.02	0.43±0.02
NO₃^--N/(mg/L)	0.33±0.02	0.64±0.03	0.38±0.02	0.21±0	0.01±0	0.19±0.01
NO₂^--N/(mg/L)	0.0225±0	0.0039±0	0.0010±0	0.0114±0	0.0078±0	0.0025±0
Chl-a/(μg/L)	1.68±0.08	11.87±0.85	1.12±0.08	4.99±0.37	4.71±0.52	37.85±1.51

门名	属名	种名	S1	S2	S3	S4	S5	S6
蓝藻门Cyanophyta	微囊藻属Microcystis	微囊藻Microcystis	+	+	+		+
	鱼腥藻属Anabaena	螺旋鱼腥藻Anabaena spiroides				+	+
	鱼腥藻属Anabaena	鱼腥藻Anabaena	+		+	+	+
	束丝藻属Aphanizomenon	束丝藻Aphanizomenon	+	+	+	+	+
	颤藻属Oscillatoria	颤藻Oscillatoria				+
	色球藻属Chroococcus	色球藻Chroococcus	+	+	+	+		+
甲藻门Pyrrophyta	裸甲藻属Gymnodinium	裸甲藻Gymnodinium				+
硅藻门Heterokontophyta	针杆藻属Synedra	尖针杆藻Synedra acusvar	+
		针杆藻Synedra				+	+	+
		肘状针杆藻Synedra ulna					+
	脆杆藻属Fragilaria	脆杆藻Fragilaria				+	+	+
	脆杆藻属Fragilaria	钝脆杆藻Fragilaria capucina					+	+
	菱形藻属Nitzschia	谷皮菱形藻Nitzschia palea	+		+	+	+	+
		菱形藻Nitzschia	+				+
		长菱形藻Nitzschia longissima				+
		针形菱形藻Nitzschia acicularis		+		+	+	+
	菱板藻属Hantzschia	菱板藻Hantzschia	+
	桥湾藻属Cymbella	桥弯藻Cymbella				+	+
	卵形藻属Cocconeis	扁圆卵形藻Cocconeis placentula	+		+	+	+
	曲壳藻属Achnanthes	短小曲壳藻Achnanthes exigua		+
	曲壳藻属Achnanthes	曲壳藻Achnanthes	+			+	+	+
	波缘藻属Cymatopleura	草鞋形波缘藻Cymatopleura solea				+
	双菱藻属Surirella	双菱藻Surirella					+
	异极藻属Gomphonema	塔形异极藻Gomphonema turris				+	+
	异极藻属Gomphonema	异极藻Gomphonema			+	+	+	+
	小环藻属Cyclotella	小环藻Cyclotella				+
	小环藻属Cyclotella	梅尼小环藻Cyclotella meneghiniana	+	+		+	+	+
	舟形藻属Navicula	喙头舟形藻Naviculaceae rhynchocephala				+	+
	舟形藻属Navicula	舟形藻Navicula	+	+	+	+	+	+
硅藻门Heterokontophyta	布纹藻属Gyrosigma	布纹藻Gyrosigma			+	+		+
硅藻门Heterokontophyta	辐节藻属Stauroneis	辐节藻Stauroneis				+	+
隐藻门Cryptophyta	隐藻属Cryptomonas	卵形隐藻Cryptomonas ovata	+	+		+	+	+
	隐藻属Cryptomonas	啮蚀隐藻Cryptomonas erosa	+	+	+	+	+	+
	蓝隐藻属Chroomonas	尖尾蓝隐藻Chroomonas acuta	+	+	+	+	+	+
裸藻门Euglenophyta	裸藻属Euglena	裸藻Euglena		+	+	+	+	+
		绿裸藻Euglena viridis		+		+	+	+
		梭形裸藻Euglena acus			+
	扁裸藻属Phacus	扁裸藻Phacus	+	+			+	+
		弯曲扁裸藻Phacus inflexus					+
		长尾扁裸藻Phacus longicauda					+
	囊裸藻属Trachelomonas	囊裸藻Trachelomonas		+		+
	囊裸藻属Trachelomonas	陀螺藻Strombomonas		+
绿藻门Chlorophyta	卵囊藻属Oocystis	卵囊藻Oocystis	+	+		+
	微芒藻属Micractinium	微芒藻Micractinium pusillum		+
	空球藻属Eudorina	空球藻Eudorina		+
	实球藻属Pandorina	实球藻Pandorina morum			+			+
	四胞藻属Tetraspora	四胞藻Tetraspora		+
	小球藻属Chlorella	小球藻Chlorella	+	+	+	+	+
	顶棘藻属Chodatella	四刺顶棘藻Chodatella quadriseta		+
	纤维藻属Ankistrodesmus	镰形纤维藻Ankistrodesmus falcatus	+	+
		狭形纤维藻Ankistrodesmus angustus			+	+		+
		针状纤维藻Ankistrodesmus acicularis						+
	月牙藻属Selenastrum	月牙藻Selenastrum bibraianum			+		+	+
	弓形藻属Schroederia	弓形藻Schroederia setigera		+
	空星藻属Coelastrum	小空星藻Coelastrum microporum	+	+		+
	十字藻属Crucigenia	四角十字藻Crucigenia quadrata						+
	十字藻属Crucigenia	四足十字藻Crucigenia tetrapedia						+
	四星藻属Tetrastrum	平滑四星藻Tetrastrum glabrum						+
	栅藻属Scenedemus	双对栅藻Scenedesmus bijuga		+	+		+
		双棘栅藻Scenedesmus bicaudatus						+
		四尾栅藻Scenedemus quadricauda	+	+				+
		栅藻Scenedemus					+
	转板藻属Mougeotia	转板藻Mougeotia	+
	水绵属Spirogyra	水绵Spirogyra communis					+
	鼓藻属Cosmariu	鼓藻Cosmarium					+
	新月藻属Closterium	库津新月藻Closterium kuetzingii
	新月藻属Closterium	新月藻Closterium					+	+
	丝藻属Ulothrix	丝藻Ulothrix		+
	衣藻属Chlamydomonas	衣藻Chlamydomonas	+	+	+	+
金藻门Chrysophyta	锥囊藻属Dinobryon	锥囊藻Dinobryon		+				+