Abstract: To study the spatial and temporal characteristics of chilling injury of spring maize in past 55 years and future 35 years in Jilin, the authors analyzed the spatial and temporal characteristics of chilling injury of spring maize in Jilin from 1961 to 2015 and from 2016 to 2050 under 2 future climate scenarios (RCP4.5 and RCP8.5), based on the chilling injury index and calculation method by the regulation of the Technical Specification for Chilling Injury Assessment to Spring Maize in Northern China. The results showed that: (1) the sum of the monthly average temperature from May to September from 1961 to 2015 and from 2016 to 2050 under 2 scenarios increased gradually, while that under RCP8.5 scenario was higher than that under RCP4.5 scenario; (2) the occurrence frequency of moderate chilling injury was higher in western and central Jilin from 1961 to 2015, and the occurrence frequency of serious chilling injury was higher in eastern Jilin; (3) the chilling injury was mainly occurred in eastern region under RCP4.5 scenario and RCP8.5 scenario, while the occurrence frequency of chilling injury under RCP4.5 scenario was higher than that under RCP8.5 scenario; (4) the range of influenced by chilling injury was mainly large range before 1996, and was local range after 1996; it was mainly regional range under RCP4.5 scenario and the local range under RCP8.5 scenario. The spatial and temporal characteristics of chilling injury of spring maize under the background of climate change can provide technical support for disaster prevention and mitigation of agricultural production in Jilin.