Abstract:

China has more people and less arable land, and the number of people is increasing while the area of arable land is decreasing. We must take advantage of the characteristics of production objects and production factors to fully develop and utilize spatial ecological niche and temporal ecological niche, and scientifically combine agricultural production to give full play to the potential productivity of natural resource conditions, production objects, and various production factors, in order to improve the efficiency of the agricultural ecological economic system, offset the shortage of cultivated land and funds, and alleviate the troubles caused by the surplus of labor. Through a long-term typical investigation, the author took into consideration the selectivity of agricultural production objects, the discreteness of spatial layout, the controllability of production periods, the regional scale and volatility of market demand, and the interdependence and the substitutability of production objects and production factors, closely combined biology, ecology and social economics, and used cluster analysis and systematic comparison, to propose different optimization models for the innovative development of ecological agriculture. By coupling the rational development of the agricultural spatial-temporal economic ecological niche with the scientific allocation of production factors in all directions and throughout the process, the development of the spatial-temporal ecological niche is expanded from a two-dimensional form to a three-dimensional form, and the agricultural structure is advanced from the time section adjustment to the overall process optimization. This facilitates the small cycle of conversion of material and energy to boost the large cycle of the system, thereby effectively enhancing the power amplifier effect of the conversion of material and energy, and improving system productivity. The optimal coupling of the development of spatial-temporal ecological niche and the allocation of production factors outperforms the static and isolated space development and the backward method of allocation of agricultural production factors. It is an inevitable choice for the innovative development of ecological agriculture in China, and has theoretical and practical significance for promoting the sustainable, high-quality and efficient development of ecological agriculture.

Key words: ecological agriculture, innovative development, space, time, production factor, coupling