Effects of Vegetable Residue Compost on Ginger Yield and Soil Environment in Root Zone

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0304

Abstract

Abstract:

To investigate the effects of different vegetable residue compost on the improvement of ginger root zone soil, the influence of conventional fertilization (CK), ginger residue compost (T1) and tomato residue compost (T2) on soil nutrient content, physical and chemical properties, and biological properties and the yield of ginger were studied. The results showed that compared with CK, the application of vegetable residue compost, especially T2, could significantly improve soil enzyme activity, increase soil nutrient content and enhance soil physical and chemical properties, and then promote the growth and increase the yield of ginger. T2 increased the content of soil organic matter, hydrolytic nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium in ginger root zone by 17.35%, 19.75%, 21.66%, 19.54% and 37.20%, respectively. Meanwhile, T2 also increased the activity of soil urease, sucrase and neutral phosphatase by 55.89%, 57.21% and 35.60%, respectively. The plant height, branch number, root activity and leaf pigment content of ginger under T2 increased significantly, which raised the yield by 30.53%. In conclusion, the application of vegetable residue compost is beneficial to improving the soil environment of ginger root zone, thus increasing the ginger yield and maintaining the health of ginger rhizosphere soil.

Key words: ginger, vegetable residues compost, yield, soil enzyme activity, soil nutrients

XIE Kunhao, SHI Aokun, DI Qinghua, CHEN Ru, LI Yansu, YU Xianchang, CHEN Shuangchen, HE Chaoxing. Effects of Vegetable Residue Compost on Ginger Yield and Soil Environment in Root Zone[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2023, 39(5): 87-91.

Figures/Tables 8

References 26

[1]	韩伶, 李衍素, 于贤昌, 等. 日光温室蔬菜残株堆腐后还田对根区土壤环境及蔬菜产量的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2016, 27(5):1553-1559. doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.201605.037
[2]	WEI X, LI Y, FAN X, et al. Techno-Economic Feasibility of In Situ Vegetable Residue Return in the Chinese Solar Greenhouse[J]. Agronomy, 2021, 11(9):1828. doi: 10.3390/agronomy11091828 URL
[3]	徐坤, 康立美, 赵德婉. 生姜对氮磷钾吸收分配规律的研究[J]. 山东农业科学, 1992(3):14-16.
[4]	董灿兴, 徐坤, 谷顼, 等. 有机土配方与生姜产量品质的关系[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2009, 15(4):871-876.
[5]	BASHIR S, GULSHAN B A, IQBAL J, et al. Comparative role of animal manure and vegetable waste induced compost for polluted soil restoration and maize growth[J]. Saudi journal of biological sciences, 2021, 28(4):2534-2539. doi: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.01.057 pmid: 33911965
[6]	ROS M, KLAMMER S, KNAPP B, et al. Long-term effects of compost amendment of soil on functional and structural diversity and microbial activity[J]. Soil use and management, 2006, 22(2):209-218. doi: 10.1111/j.1475-2743.2006.00027.x URL
[7]	孔涛, 李勃, 柯杨, 等. 蔬菜废弃物堆肥对设施蔬菜产量和土壤生物特性的影响[J]. 中国土壤与肥料, 2017(5):157-160.
[8]	吴文辉. 蔬菜废弃物不同还田方式对番茄生长及土壤环境的影响[D]. 杨凌: 西北农林科技大学, 2021.
[9]	刘本生, 杨岩, 孙钦平, 等. 京郊露地蔬菜废弃物原位还田的农学效应研究[J]. 蔬菜, 2018(1):16-21.
[10]	孙俊宝, 王建新. 樱桃叶绿素含量测定方法研究[J]. 太原:山西农业科学, 2010, 38(3):18-19.
[11]	孔祥波. 生物有机肥对生姜生长及产量品质的影响[D]. 泰安: 山东农业大学, 2007.
[12]	鲍士旦. 土壤农化分析[M]. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 2000.
[13]	关松荫. 土壤酶及其研究法[M]. 北京: 农业出版社,1986.
[14]	宋小艺, 徐坤, 王忠宾, 等. 有机土基质栽培对生姜产量及氮磷钾利用效率的影响[J]. 中国蔬菜, 2012(14):59-64.
[15]	MYLAVARAPU R S, ZINATI G M. Improvement of soil properties using compost for optimum parsley production in sandy soils[J]. Scientia Horticulturae, 2009, 120(3):426-430. doi: 10.1016/j.scienta.2008.11.038 URL
[16]	PANE C, CELANO G, PICCOLO A, et al. Effects of on-farm composted tomato residues on soil biological activity and yields in a tomato cropping system[J]. Chemical and biological technologies in agriculture, 2015, 2(1).
[17]	黄继川, 彭智平, 于俊红, 等. 玉米秸秆堆肥处理对芥菜品质及土壤肥力的影响[J]. 广东农业科学, 2009(12):88-91.
[18]	魏晓璇. 日光温室黄瓜/番茄残株原位还田技术的科学性评估[D]. 北京: 中国农业科学院, 2021.
[19]	程学超, 李衍素, 闫妍, 等. 番茄和黄瓜茎秆堆肥还田对生姜生长及根区环境的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2019, 56(10):1921-1928. doi: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2019.10.018
[20]	杨冬艳, 冯海萍, 桑婷, 等. 番茄秸秆不同还田方式对番茄生长及土壤碳氮含量和酶活性的影响[J]. 中国蔬菜, 2018(10):55-59.
[21]	宋时丽, 吴昊, 黄鹏伟, 等. 秸秆还田土壤改良培肥基质和复合菌剂配施对土壤生态的影响[J]. 生态学报, 2021, 41(11):4562-4576.
[22]	牟子平, 周志红, 骆世明. 番茄(Lycopersicon)的化感作用研究[J]. 应用生态学报, 1997(4):445-449.
[23]	杨滨娟, 黄国勤, 钱海燕. 秸秆还田配施化肥对土壤温度、根际微生物及酶活性的影响[J]. 土壤学报, 2014, 51(1):150-157.
[24]	林天, 何园球, 李成亮, 等. 红壤旱地中土壤酶对长期施肥的响应[J]. 土壤学报, 2005(4):682-686.
[25]	高梦瑶, 靳玉婷, 缪杰杰, 等. 秸秆还田对土壤养分及酶活性的影响[J]. 红河学院学报, 2021, 19(2):138-141.
[26]	张志刚, 董春娟, 高苹, 等. 蔬菜残株堆肥及微生物菌剂对设施辣椒栽培土壤的改良作用[J]. 西北植物学报, 2011, 31(6):1243-1249.

材料	干物质	全碳	全氮	全磷	全钾	C/N
生姜残株	40.52	35.20	2.28	0.376	10.30	15.44
番茄残株	37.05	34.09	1.65	0.763	3.97	20.66

材料	干物质	全碳	全氮	全磷	全钾	C/N
生姜残株	40.52	35.20	2.28	0.376	10.30	15.44
番茄残株	37.05	34.09	1.65	0.763	3.97	20.66

处理	株高/cm	茎粗/mm	分枝数/个
CK	102.57±0.75 b	13.12±0.12 a	9.67±0.33 b
T1	105.97±0.31 ab	13.53±0.19 a	11.33±0.33 ab
T2	108.17±2.28 a	13.91±0.39 a	12.00±0.58 a

处理	株高/cm	茎粗/mm	分枝数/个
CK	102.57±0.75 b	13.12±0.12 a	9.67±0.33 b
T1	105.97±0.31 ab	13.53±0.19 a	11.33±0.33 ab
T2	108.17±2.28 a	13.91±0.39 a	12.00±0.58 a

处理	单株产量/kg	折合总产/(kg/hm²)	增产率/%	经济系数
CK	0.725±0.33 b	48236.55±147.64 b	—	0.572±0.01 c
T1	0.739±0.69 b	49212.45±304.26 b	2.02	0.589±0.02 b
T2	0.946±0.37 a	62962.65±166.99 a	30.53	0.601±0.04 a