Effects of Potassium Fertilizer Types on the Growth and Yield of Pepper

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0026

Abstract

Abstract:

The effects of different potassium fertilizer types on the growth and yield of pepper were studied to provide a theoretical basis for rational fertilization and efficient planting of pepper. Under the potted soil culture condition, potassium chloride and potassium sulfate were used as the source of fertilizer. The plant height, stem diameter, biomass of root, stem and leaf, and yield of pepper were measured based on three different treatments: no potassium fertilizer (CK), potassium chloride (K1) and potassium sulfate (K2). The tested pepper varieties were ‘Zhenghong 189’ and ‘Yanjiao 425’. The results showed that: compared with CK group, the application of potassium chloride and potassium sulfate could promote the plant height, stem diameter, and biomass of root, stem and leaf of pepper, and enhance the growth and development of pepper. The total biomass of ‘Zhenghong 189’ under K1 and K2 increased by 19.26% and 25.88%, respectively, compared with that of CK, and the total biomass of ‘Yanjiao 425’ under K1 and K2 increased by 49.22% and 73.93%, respectively, compared with that of CK. The two types of potassium fertilizers increased the number of pepper seeds, the weight of single fruit and the seed setting rate of pepper, thus increasing the yield of pepper. The yield of ‘Zhenghong 189’ under K1 and K2 increased by 6.43% and 10.46%, respectively, compared with that of CK, and the yield of ‘Yanjiao 425’ under K1 and K2 increased by 20.23% and 22.49%, respectively, compared with that of CK (P<0.05). Comparing the two pepper varieties, ‘Yanjiao 425’ was more sensitive to potassium fertilizer. Under the conditions of this experiment, pepper was not sensitive to chlorine, and potassium sulfate was better than potassium chloride in promoting the growth and yield of pepper under the normal application of nitrogen and phosphate fertilizer. In order to achieve high yield and high quality in pepper cultivation, potassium sulfate treatment is an appropriate choice.

Key words: pepper, potassium fertilizer, potassium chloride and potassium sulfate, growth and development, yield

ZHANG Wu, HUANG Wenyan, LIU Yueyan, WANG Jianjian. Effects of Potassium Fertilizer Types on the Growth and Yield of Pepper[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2023, 39(2): 57-62.

Figures/Tables 5

References 26

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品种	处理	根生物量/(g/株)	茎生物量/(g/株)	叶生物量/(g/株)	总生物量/(g/株)	根冠比
正鸿189	CK	3.43±0.03a	8.84±0.05a	8.13±0.01a	6.8±2.40a	0.37±0.05a
	K1	4.44±0.12a	11.21±0.35a	8.67±0.74a	8.11±2.83a	0.40±0.02a
	K2	5.09±0.98a	11.02±1.36a	9.59±0.43a	8.56±2.72a	0.45±0.01a
艳椒425	CK	2.61±0.17b	5.61±0.35b	7.20±0.45b	5.14±1.93b	0.26±0.02b
	K1	4.38±0.52ab	8.83±0.39a	9.81±0.48a	7.67±2.41ab	0.29±0.02ab
	K2	5.58±0.55a	10.70±0.62a	10.53±0.47a	8.94±2.44a	0.35±0.02a

品种	处理	根生物量/(g/株)	茎生物量/(g/株)	叶生物量/(g/株)	总生物量/(g/株)	根冠比
正鸿189	CK	3.43±0.03a	8.84±0.05a	8.13±0.01a	6.8±2.40a	0.37±0.05a
	K1	4.44±0.12a	11.21±0.35a	8.67±0.74a	8.11±2.83a	0.40±0.02a
	K2	5.09±0.98a	11.02±1.36a	9.59±0.43a	8.56±2.72a	0.45±0.01a
艳椒425	CK	2.61±0.17b	5.61±0.35b	7.20±0.45b	5.14±1.93b	0.26±0.02b
	K1	4.38±0.52ab	8.83±0.39a	9.81±0.48a	7.67±2.41ab	0.29±0.02ab
	K2	5.58±0.55a	10.70±0.62a	10.53±0.47a	8.94±2.44a	0.35±0.02a

品种	处理	果长/cm	果宽/mm	果形指数	单果重/g
正鸿189	CK	4.89±0.30a	9.58±0.35a	5.12±0.41a	1.99±0.03a
	K1	5.00±0.25a	9.60±0.67a	5.23±0.31a	2.06±0.09a
	K2	4.91±0.33a	9.77±0.63a	5.05±0.44a	2.08±0.05a
艳椒425	CK	8.80±0.42a	10.34±0.52a	8.53±0.57a	4.01±0.17a
	K1	8.95±0.52a	10.55±0.82a	8.52±0.67a	4.14±0.44a
	K2	8.83±0.45a	10.57±0.48a	8.37±0.58a	4.17±0.19a

品种	处理	果长/cm	果宽/mm	果形指数	单果重/g
正鸿189	CK	4.89±0.30a	9.58±0.35a	5.12±0.41a	1.99±0.03a
	K1	5.00±0.25a	9.60±0.67a	5.23±0.31a	2.06±0.09a
	K2	4.91±0.33a	9.77±0.63a	5.05±0.44a	2.08±0.05a
艳椒425	CK	8.80±0.42a	10.34±0.52a	8.53±0.57a	4.01±0.17a
	K1	8.95±0.52a	10.55±0.82a	8.52±0.67a	4.14±0.44a
	K2	8.83±0.45a	10.57±0.48a	8.37±0.58a	4.17±0.19a

品种	处理	单果种子数/个	种子千粒重/g	单株结果量/个	单株果实重量/g	产量/(kg/hm²)	比CK增长百分比/%
正鸿189	CK	78.56±9.12b	3.79	328±44.90a	417.39±34.98b	17183.65±2118.36a	—
	K1	80.52±5.67b	3.84	336±39.03a	494.61±53.56b	18288.17±2587.53a	6.43
	K2	85.58±8.03a	4.34	347.2±24.58a	566.49±8.66a	18981.87±855.45a	10.46
艳椒425	CK	83.08±11.14b	4.69	193±19.05b	530.17±51.50a	20314.11±1741.25b	—
	K1	86.84±10.11b	4.89	224±10.58a	579.39±109.82a	24422.96±2772.01a	20.23
	K2	107.9±14.95a	5.27	226.67±22.59a	597.63±36.16a	24882.41±3029.41a	22.49