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  Analysis of Climate Quality Certification Indexes and Evaluation for Figs in Yuepuhu Kerimu ABASI, MENG Fanxue, Nuerpatiman MAIMAITIREYIMU, XIE Ye, Alimu AIERKEN Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin    2024, 40 (1): 78-82.   DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0002 Abstract + (4890)    HTML (2130)    PDF (1224KB) (14048)       Knowledge map    In this paper, the daily average temperature, extreme maximum temperature, extreme minimum temperature, precipitation and sunshine hours data of Yuepuhu General Weather Station during from 1991 to 2022 were analyzed by using climate tendency rate, cumulative anomaly climate statistical method to verify the climate quality for figs, and the effect of meteorological conditions on figs phenological phase and impact of meteorological factors, meteorological disaster on fig quality were primarily analyzed as well. The results showed that, according to this classification, the climate quality for figs in Yuepuhu garden spot were “excellent”. The research conclusion aims to provide scientific basis for improving fruit quality of fig cultivation and future rational management.

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  Analysis of Agro-meteorological Factors Causing Apple Florescence Freezing in Zepu ABASI Kerimu, MENG Fanxue, KUDERETI Rehanguli, WANG Jun, LI Huimin Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin    2023, 39 (36): 97-101.   DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-1030 Abstract + (4891)    HTML (2303)    PDF (1210KB) (13896)       Knowledge map    Low temperature and freeze injury is one of three major disasters that endanger the development of fruit trees in Xinjiang. The daily meteorological data during 1991 to 2022 from meteorological station of Zepu and investigation data about freezing injury of apple florescence in recently years were used to analyze the cause of freezing injury. The results showed that: from 1991 to 2022, the apple flower bud expansion period, flower bud opening period, the beginning of flowering were ahead of time by 2.0 to 5.1 d/10 a; apple florescence freezing damage was significant when the temperature dropped suddenly in flowering period, the lowest temperature reached -2.0℃, and the duration below 0℃ was 0.5 h; the dominant disaster-causing factors included the maximum diurnal range of temperature (no less than 22℃), the extreme minimum temperature (no more than -2℃), the spring cold weather, severe cooling, long duration, precipitation weather with dust weather (sandstorm, sand-blowing and floating dust) and severe wind. After freezing injury, the soluble solids content and other indicators of apple decreased to different extents. Freezing injury in apple flowering period affected the quality of apple. It will be of great scientific significance and application value to study on the freezing damage in flowering period of Fuji apple in Zepu apple producing area.

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  Application of Microbial Exopolysaccharides in Environment YANG Yi, ZHAO Shouqi, GE Jingping, SONG Gang, DU Renpeng Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin    2024, 40 (9): 66-74.   DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0362 Abstract + (127)    HTML (4)    PDF (1239KB) (5535)       Knowledge map    Microbial exopolysaccharides have important characteristics such as renewability, biodegradability, strong adsorption, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiviral properties. They have multiple applications in fields of food, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and environmental protection. Previous studies mainly focused on the isolation, purification and structure of microbial exopolysaccharides, but there were few reports on the relationship between the structure and function of microbial exopolysaccharides and the role of exopolysaccharides in environmental protection. In order to elucidate the structure-function relationship of microbial exopolysaccharides and expand their applications, this article reviews the impacts of monosaccharide composition, molecular mass, functional groups, glycosidic linkages, and surface morphology on their functions. Furthermore, potential applications of microbial exopolysaccharides in wastewater treatment, soil remediation, and antibiotic elimination for environmental protection are summarized. Due to the low yield and biological activity of microbial exopolysaccharides, their extensive industrial application is limited. It is expected that the yield of microbial exopolysaccharides can be enhanced through genetic engineering techniques, structural modification, and optimization of fermentation conditions and promote their development and application in environmental protection.

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  Effect of Biochar Combined with Organic Fertilizer on Soil Nutrients: A Review MA Danni, SHENG Jiandong, ZHANG Kun, MAO Jiefei, CHANG Song, WANG Yaofeng Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin    2024, 40 (2): 42-51.   DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0062 Abstract + (182)    HTML (2)    PDF (1204KB) (5394)       Knowledge map    To improve soil nutrient utilization efficiency and deal with single manure application problems such as dosage, fertilizer efficiency, and nutrient leaching, “biochar”, “compost”, “biochar manure application”, “soil properties” and “crop nutrients” were used as keywords to search and summarize relevant literatures on sources of Web of Science, Google Scholar, China National Knowledge Internet and others. The results showed that: (1) biochar improved the maturity of composting, increased the abundance of microbial communities, and reduced the risk of nutrient leaching in organic fertilizers, thus effectively reducing the environmental impact of traditional composting; (2) manure combined with biochar could improve soil moisture condition, and increase the contents of the available phosphorus and available potassium of different types of soils. Meanwhile, it could also provide better living materials and an environment for soil organisms and microorganisms; (3) the combination of biochar and organic fertilizer could increase the yield of crops and improve the contents of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, while different types of crops responded to them differently. The combined application of biochar and organic fertilizer enhanced soil fertility and plant nutrition, and its effect varied with the application rate, type of soil and crop and other factors. Our studies could provide a reference for efficient utilization of livestock and poultry manure resources in agricultural production.

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  Molecular Mechanism of Heat Stress Tolerance in Plants: A Review JIANG Shan, WU Longying, ZHAO Baosheng, HUANG Jiahui, JIANG Yuzhe, JIAO Yuan, HUANG Jin Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin    2024, 40 (9): 132-138.   DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0544 Abstract + (229)    HTML (13)    PDF (1205KB) (4532)       Knowledge map    With the increase of global temperature, heat stress has emerged as one of the major factors affecting plant growth and development. The substantial losses caused by heat, particularly for staple crops like rice, pose a significant impact on economic benefits. In order to unravel the molecular mechanisms underlying plant response to heat stress, the adverse effects of heat stress on the morphology, physiology, biochemistry and photosynthesis have been presented. Furthermore, the three molecular mechanisms employed by plants to cope with heat stress, including signal transduction pathways, transcriptional factor regulatory networks and the expression of heat-resistance related genes have been introduced as well. Based on these insights, this review suggests that bioinformatics, genetic engineering, cell biology and molecular biology may be further employed as tools for understanding the molecular mechanisms of heat stress in plants. At last, this review offers a prospective outlook on future research directions in this field.

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  Think about Agricultural Development from the Pathway of Plants Absorbing Carbon Under “Soil Degradation” and “Carbon Peaking and Carbon Neutralization” ZHENG Xiaolan, LU Haiju, CUI Changhua, ZHENG Fucong, TAN Shibei, XI Jingen, YI Kexian Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin    2023, 39 (36): 154-164.   DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0006 Abstract + (128)    HTML (4)    PDF (1312KB) (3629)       Knowledge map    At present, we are faced with two world-class problems of “soil degradation” and “carbon peaking and carbon neutralization” target, both of which share a common point of carbon. What are the pathways for plants to absorb carbon? Can humans help achieve the goal of “carbon peaking and carbon neutralization” through crops and agricultural operations? To gain a deeper understanding of the interrelationships among them, and to contribute to the sustainable development of agriculture and the achievement of the “carbon peaking and carbon neutralization” target, this article started from the above two issues and the perspective of the carbon element ecosystem cycle. By reading a large amount of literature, tracking academic frontiers, summarizing the pathways of plant carbon absorption and the application research of carbon rich organic fertilizers, the representative results of carbon absorption and utilization by plants were found as followed. (1) Plant nutrients included organic matter and minerals. (2) The carbon cycle pathway of the ecosystem had been improved: increasing the way for plants to directly absorb and utilize small molecule carbohydrates through their roots. That is, in the carbon cycle of the ecosystem, carbon could be transferred from soil to plants. (3) Carbon rich fertilizers mainly included humus, organic fertilizer, microbial organic fertilizer, organic carbon fertilizer, etc. According to the pathway that plants absorb carbon elements, plants could absorb small molecule carbohydrates through their roots. Farmers could increase organic matter in cultivated soil through farming operations, improve soil and promote crop growth, while helping to achieve the goal of “carbon peaking and carbon neutralization”.

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  Plant Salt-exclusion Mechanism: A Review LI Xia, LIU Chuanxin, XU Bin, DONG Rongshu, HUAN Hengfu, HUANG Chunqiong, YAN Linling, WANG Wenqiang, YANG Hubiao, YU Daogeng, WANG Zhiyong, LIU Yiming Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin    2023, 39 (27): 86-94.   DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0680 Abstract + (145)    HTML (3)    PDF (1373KB) (3627)       Knowledge map    This paper aims to provide new ideas for exploring the internal mechanism of plant salt exclusion, screening of salt-exclusion plants and breeding of salt-exclusion crops. The authors review how plants cope with salt stress through salt-exclusion pathways such as tissue structure adaptation, signaling pathway and transporter gene regulation, clarify the key roles of casparian strip of endodermis, suberization of endodermis and exodermis of root, pericycle and xylem parenchyma in plant salt exclusion, and elucidate the species differences in tissue structure in plant salt exclusion. SOS pathway, NHX, HAK and HKT and other transporters play important regulatory roles in the process of plant salt exclusion. SOS pathway, NHX and HAK are ubiquitous in various types of root cells, mainly responsible for Na+ exclusion, transport and vacuole compartmentalization; HKT genes are mainly expressed in xylem parenchyma tissues, and it may play role of salt compartmentalization in xylem parenchyma.

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  Microalgal Co-culture Treatment Wastewater and Its Downstream Products Resource Utilization: A Review XU Jing, WANG Meiqi, ZOU Jialin, LIN Yimeng, PING Wenxiang Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin    2023, 39 (29): 159-164.   DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0133 Abstract + (125)    HTML (4)    PDF (1069KB) (3461)       Knowledge map    Microalgae, as the third generation biomass energy, has great potential in wastewater treatment. In order to seek more economical treatment methods, the co-culture of microalgae with other microorganisms can promote the flocculation harvest of microalgae and increase biomass and lipid production, thus reducing the cost of microalgae wastewater treatment. In this paper, the types of microalgae co-culture systems and the mechanisms, system settings, and influencing factors of microalgae co-culture treatment of wastewater were summarized. The current research of microalgae using wastewater as a growth substrate to produce high-value by-products was described, and the prospects and challenges of wastewater treatment and reutilization by microalgal co-culture were pointed out.

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  Research Progress on MYB Transcription Factors Related to Anthocyanin Synthesis in Solanaceae SUN Baojuan, LI Tao, YOU Qian, GONG Chao, LI Zhenxing, LI Zhiliang Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin    2023, 39 (36): 102-111.   DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0035 Abstract + (143)    HTML (5)    PDF (1323KB) (3398)       Knowledge map    MYB transcription factors are the largest family of transcription factors in plants, and one of their important functions is to regulate anthocyanin synthesis. In order to comprehensively understand the regulation of MYB transcription factors on anthocyanidin synthesis in Solanaceae, this paper summarized the research progress of MYB transcription factors related to anthocyanidin synthesis in seven solanaceous plants, including petunia, potato, tomato, chili, eggplant, tobacco and Lycium chinensis, in terms of gene isolation and cloning, spatio-temporal expression, regulatory mode, etc. By phylogenetic analysis of MYB transcription factors genes related to anthocyanin metabolism pathway in Solanaceae, the author found that activated and inhibited MYB transcription factors in different Solanaceae plants were clustered by functions. The key MYB transcription factor genes regulating anthocyanin synthesis in fruit, namely SlANT1, SmMYB1, StAN1 and StAN2 were preferentially clustered together, and then clustered with StMYBA1, SlAN2 and LrAN2-like. SlAN2-like, SmMYB2, StMYB113，LrMYB1 and CaMYB were clustered together. SlAN2 and SlMYB75 of tomato are identical genes with different names; SmMYB1, SmMYB6 and SmMYB113 of eggplant are the same MYB transcription factor genes with different names. In this paper we propose the further research direction of MYB transcription factor genes related to anthocyanin biosynthesis, providing reference for the analysis of tissue-specific regulation mechanism of anthocyanin synthesis in Solanaceae vegetables, the improvement of fruit colors by gene regulation and gene engineering, etc.

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  Lignocellulose Separation and Utilization Based on Choline Chloride Eutectic Solvents: A Review LIU Jing, WANG Changmei, ZHAO Xingling, WU Kai, YIN Fang, YANG Hong, YANG Bin, LIANG Chengyue, ZHANG Wudi Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin    2023, 39 (33): 156-164.   DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0835 Abstract + (126)    HTML (4)    PDF (1175KB) (3251)       Knowledge map    In order to remove the inherent complex resistance structure of lignocellulose and achieve efficient utilization of lignocellulose, new lignocellulosic pretreatment technologies have been improved continuously. As green solvents, Deep Eutectic Solvents (DESs) have the advantages of low cost, simple preparation, thermal stability, and designability. They have great application potential in promoting the pretreatment of lignocellulose and enzymatic hydrolysis, and have received widespread attention. Based on the analysis and summary of the research status and achievements at home and abroad, the research progress of synthesis and properties of DESs, pretreatment mechanism, enzymatic hydrolysis, and bioethanol conversion were discussed. It was pointed out that different hydrogen bond donors and different pre-treatment conditions had a significant impact on the lignin removal rate and glucose yield. It was believed that pretreatment of lignocellulose with DESs could greatly improve the saccharification rate. Prospects for DESs pretreatment mechanism, recycling, and process parameter optimization were proposed.

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  Regulation Effect of Biochar on Bacterial Community in Cotton Field Soil under Saline Water Drip Irrigation YE Yang, XIANG Guiqin, GUO Xiaowen, MIN Wei, GUO Huijuan Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin    2024, 40 (6): 91-100.   DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0236 Abstract + (138)    HTML (4)    PDF (2063KB) (3210)       Knowledge map    To explore the regulation effects of biochar application on soil physicochemical properties and bacterial communities in cotton field soil under long-term saline water irrigation, based on long-term saline water (8.04 dS/m) irrigation, three treatments were set up for field positioning experiments: no nitrogen fertilizer application (N0), nitrogen fertilizer treatment (N360) and biochar combined with nitrogen fertilizer treatment (BC). Determination of soil bacterial community composition was conducted by high-throughput sequencing technology. The results showed that compared with N0 treatment, N360 treatment significantly increased soil electrical conductivity and total nitrogen, but significantly decreased soil pH and available phosphorus content; BC treatment significantly increased soil water content, electrical conductivity, total carbon, total nitrogen and available potassium content. Compared with N0 treatment, N360 and BC decreased the Shannon and Simpson indices of bacterial communities, while N360 treatment increased the Chao 1 and ACE indices. The dominant bacteria at phylum level were Proteobacteria, Acidobacteriota and Actinobacteriota; the dominant bacteria at genus level were Nitrosospira, RB41 and Sphingomonas. N360 treatment increased the relative abundance of Proteobacteria, Acidobacteriota and Firmicutes, but decreased the relative abundance of Actinobacteriota, Gemmatimonadota and Thermoplasmatota; BC treatment increased the relative abundance of Actinobacteriota, Nitrospirota and Chloroflexi, while decreased the relative abundance of Acidobacteriota, Bacteroidota and Verrucomicrobiota. LEfSe analysis showed that both N360 and BC treatments reduced the number of potential biomarkers of bacteria. The RDA results showed a significant correlation between soil bacterial community structure and soil total nitrogen and available potassium content. Nitrogen fertilizer and Biochar combined with nitrogen fertilizer can regulate soil physicochemical properties, thus regulating soil bacterial community structure, which can form dominant species to adapt to salt environment.

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  Research Progress on Aquatic Plants & Epiphytic Microorganisms and Their Regulation on Fishery Environment FAN Dingyue, XU Huimin, QIU Liping, LI Dandan, HU Gengdong, FAN Limin, SONG Chao, CHEN Jiazhang, MENG Shunlong Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin    2024, 40 (10): 159-164.   DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0268 Abstract + (115)    HTML (4)    PDF (1125KB) (3009)       Knowledge map    The environmental and ecological problems have been widely concerned in fishery waters. At present, it has been found that aquatic plants and their epiphytic microorganisms play a significant role in the removal of pollutants in fishery waters, which are sustainable and efficient water quality regulation measure, and are widely used in the regulation of fishery environment. In this paper, the relevant research progress in recent years is reviewed from the perspectives of aquatic plant restoration methods, the interaction between aquatic plants and epiphytic microorganisms, and the role of aquatic plants and their epiphytic microorganisms in typical pollutants in fishery waters. The aim is to clarify the important role of aquatic plants and their epiphytic microorganisms in water quality regulation. We also hope to identify the current limitation of aquatic plant-epiphytic microbial ecological regulation methods and demonstrate the direction of improving these control methods, providing a better scheme for the water quality regulation of fishery environment.

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  Effects of AM Fungi on Bacterial Communities and Soil Factors in Polluted Soil ZHANG Kai, CHEN Sisi, CHANG Wei, ZANG Chen, CHEN Jing, FAN Xiaoxu Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin    2023, 39 (35): 87-93.   DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0482 Abstract + (149)    HTML (3)    PDF (1383KB) (2888)       Knowledge map    Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi have the potential to remediate soils contaminated by heavy metals and organic pollutants. With the development of industrialization and agricultural production, AM fungi combined with phytoremediation gradually becomes a viable strategy for remediation of contaminated soils and also produce an effect on the bacterial communities. In this paper, the effects of heavy metals and organic pollutants on the soil bacterial communities and soil factors were introduced. When remediating heavy metals and organic contaminated soils with AM fungi, the response characteristics of the diversity, composition of soil bacterial communities as well as soil factors were then discussed. This paper designed to provide a theoretical basis and scientific support for future remediation effects and soil health evaluation of contaminated soils.

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  SNP Molecular Markers: Research and Its Application in Crop Variety Identification TIAN Haiyan, ZHANG Haina, WANG Yongqiang, ZHOU Yongping, ZHANG Yinglu Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin    2024, 40 (6): 115-121.   DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0683 Abstract + (152)    HTML (4)    PDF (1131KB) (2803)       Knowledge map    Crop variety identification is an important guarantee for breeding and promoting excellent varieties, and the appropriate detection method is the key for the accurate identification of varieties. With the development of molecular marker techniques, the third-generation molecular marker SNP has gradually been applied in the field of variety identification. This paper outlines the characteristics of SNP molecular markers, analyses the features and applicability of five commonly used high-throughput detection methods in crop research, including high resolution melting, competitive allele specific PCR, gene chips, sequencing and genotyping by target sequencing. The research and application of SNP markers in the identification of variety authenticity, purity testing, and analysis of genetic relationships and classification are summarized as well, in order to provide technical reference for subsequent variety identification.

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  Soil Heavy Metal Availability: Research Progress on Its Influencing Factors and Transfer Rules in Crop-Soil System LU Gangbin, E Shengzhe, YUAN Jinhua, ZHAO Tianxin, YE Gengkang, ZHANG Peng, LIU Yana, WANG Yuxuan Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin    2023, 39 (20): 67-73.   DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0589 Abstract + (142)    HTML (5)    PDF (1184KB) (2751)       Knowledge map    Soil is the place where plants grow and develop. Heavy metals in soil are absorbed by plants and enriched in plants through root system, and affect the growth of plants. To find out the influencing factors of heavy metals in soil and the transfer rules of heavy metals in different parts of plants, this paper introduced in detail the research progresses on soil heavy metals from the aspects of the sources, the mechanism of action, and the main factors affecting plants absorption of heavy metals based on related literature at home and abroad. Study show that the absorption of heavy metals by plants is affected not only by soil physical and chemical environment such as the soil pH value and organic matter content, but also by the degree of pollution, types of polluting elements, tillage methods and crop genotypes. Moreover, the additive, synergistic and antagonistic effects of heavy metals in soil also affect the absorption and enrichment of heavy metals in plants to some extent.

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  Characteristics of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Loss in Farmland and the Influencing Factors CHANG Junfeng, LIU Ying, LI Chen, LUO Mei, MA Youhua Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin    2023, 39 (15): 69-75.   DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0431 Abstract + (154)    HTML (3)    PDF (1118KB) (2744)       Knowledge map    Nitrogen and phosphorus loss from farmland is one of the main sources of agricultural non-point source pollution, which can result in a high risk of water eutrophication. The study on the characteristics of nitrogen and phosphorus loss in farmland will provide a basis for the control and treatment of agricultural non-point source pollution. This paper summarized the loss of farmland nitrogen and phosphorus from the way, the form, the concentration and the amount, and analyzed the influence of fertilization, rainfall, cultivation method, planting structure, field drains, field ditches, etc. on the characteristics of farmland nitrogen and phosphorus loss. The effects of new cultivation methods of modern agriculture and the combination of planting and rearing on nitrogen and phosphorus loss in farmland require further research.

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  Research Progress in Photoelectrocatalytic Degradation of Pesticides JIANG Bingshan, LI Xi, ZHOU Qin Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin    2024, 40 (4): 140-147.   DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0646 Abstract + (137)    HTML (0)    PDF (1242KB) (2733)       Knowledge map    Pesticide is a kind of environmental pollutant with high hazards and difficult to degrade, and pesticide residues cause serious damage to the ecological environment and jeopardize human health. Photoelectrocatalysis has become one of the most promising advanced oxidation technologies for degrading pesticide residues due to its advantages of safety, environmental protection, strong oxidizing ability and easy operation. The basic principle of photoelectrocatalytic degradation of pesticides, commonly used electrode materials and preparation methods are reported in this study, with emphasis on summarizing the latest applications of photoelectrocatalytic degradation of pesticides. And the effects of light source, pH and other influencing factors on pesticide degradation are evaluated, which provide the basis for short-term practical applications. However, there are fewer research studies on actual pesticide wastewater degradation, and the degradation of actual pesticide wastewater in the future should be emphasized in addition to the electrode material improvement.

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  Domestic and Foreign Research Hotspots and Development Trend of Agricultural Waste Resource Utilization WU Shaobo, XING Liyuan, WANG Jinchao, JIA Mengke, LIU Chunhui, ZHOU Qiongqiong, WANG Long Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin    2024, 40 (8): 148-156.   DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0351 Abstract + (193)    HTML (5)    PDF (2705KB) (2727)       Knowledge map    The harmless and reuse of agricultural waste not only turns waste biomass into treasure, but also reduces pollution to the ecological environment and improves the living environment, which is an effective way to achieve green, circular, low-carbon, efficient and sustainable development. In this article, we conducted bibliometric statistics of the relevant literature on agricultural waste resource utilization published in China and abroad from 1990 to 2022, and comprehensively analyzed the annual trend of the number of articles published in this field and the key words with the help of CiteSpace and VOSviewer bibliometric tools. Domestic research in this area started nearly 10 years earlier than overseas, the research intensity and importance of international research in this field since 2002 have been significantly higher than that of domestic research, the growth trend of the number of annual publications is also significantly higher than that of domestic research, and the gap between the number of publications at home and abroad is also widening year by year. The research hotspots in the field are not exactly the same at home and abroad. We focus more on the use of waste for the production of organic fertilizers to realize the recycling of green and low-carbon agriculture in China; the foreign countries focus more on biomass materialization and energy utilization of waste to compensate for the consumption of non-renewable resources. Based on China's basic condition of having more people and less land, China should strive to broaden the disposal methods of agricultural waste by classifying and disposing of agricultural waste raw materials and subsequently using them for substrate, feed, fertilizer, materialization and energy. And waste gas, heat and residue should be recycled in order to realize the multi-level utilization of harmless, reduced and diversified biomass resources. The results of the study provide a reference for the development of the field of agricultural waste resource utilization in China.

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  Research Progress on Insect Cold Acclimation and Its Mechanism LIANG Xinqi, TANG Siqiong, SU Jie, ZHANG Jianping Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin    2024, 40 (9): 150-156.   DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0382 Abstract + (123)    HTML (3)    PDF (1178KB) (2714)       Knowledge map    The cold acclimation can improve the cold tolerance of insect significantly. This article reviewed the methods of insect cold acclimation and the biological indicators for cold tolerance, the biotic factors (insect development stage, gender and diapause) and abiotic factors (temperature, photoperiod, humidity, etc.) that affect the cold acclimation of insect were analyzed. Then, the impact of cold acclimation on insect in terms of growth and development, reproductive capacity and offspring was clarified. Furthermore, the mechanism of improving insect cold tolerance through cold acclimation was explored from the perspectives of cold resistance related proteins and metabolic regulation. It is expected to provide reference for the deep study of cold acclimation and cold storage techniques of insects, in order to promote the utilization of natural enemies and pest control.

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  Research Status and Development Trend of Aquaculture Tailwater Treatment Technology ZHENG Shifu, XU Huimin, CHEN Xi, QIU Liping, SONG Chao, FAN Limin, LI Dandan, MENG Shunlong, XU Pao Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin    2024, 40 (12): 159-164.   DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0617 Abstract + (129)    HTML (4)    PDF (1155KB) (2609)       Knowledge map    With the rapid development of aquaculture in China, the environmental problems caused by the discharge of aquaculture tailwater are becoming more and more serious. The treatment of aquaculture tailwater has emerged as a crucial research area in recent years. At present, the main methods of aquaculture tailwater treatments include physical, chemical, and biological treatments, which are often combined in practical production. Based on the research status at home and abroad, the physical, chemical and biological technologies of aquaculture tail water treatment were summarized and analyzed, and the development trend of aquaculture tail water treatment technology in China was prospected, aiming to provide some references and directions for aquaculture tail water treatment.