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  Analysis of Climate Quality Certification Indexes and Evaluation for Figs in Yuepuhu Kerimu ABASI, MENG Fanxue, Nuerpatiman MAIMAITIREYIMU, XIE Ye, Alimu AIERKEN Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin    2024, 40 (1): 78-82.   DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0002 Abstract + (4890)    HTML (2130)    PDF (1224KB) (14048)       Knowledge map    In this paper, the daily average temperature, extreme maximum temperature, extreme minimum temperature, precipitation and sunshine hours data of Yuepuhu General Weather Station during from 1991 to 2022 were analyzed by using climate tendency rate, cumulative anomaly climate statistical method to verify the climate quality for figs, and the effect of meteorological conditions on figs phenological phase and impact of meteorological factors, meteorological disaster on fig quality were primarily analyzed as well. The results showed that, according to this classification, the climate quality for figs in Yuepuhu garden spot were “excellent”. The research conclusion aims to provide scientific basis for improving fruit quality of fig cultivation and future rational management.

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  Analysis of Agro-meteorological Factors Causing Apple Florescence Freezing in Zepu ABASI Kerimu, MENG Fanxue, KUDERETI Rehanguli, WANG Jun, LI Huimin Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin    2023, 39 (36): 97-101.   DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-1030 Abstract + (4891)    HTML (2303)    PDF (1210KB) (13896)       Knowledge map    Low temperature and freeze injury is one of three major disasters that endanger the development of fruit trees in Xinjiang. The daily meteorological data during 1991 to 2022 from meteorological station of Zepu and investigation data about freezing injury of apple florescence in recently years were used to analyze the cause of freezing injury. The results showed that: from 1991 to 2022, the apple flower bud expansion period, flower bud opening period, the beginning of flowering were ahead of time by 2.0 to 5.1 d/10 a; apple florescence freezing damage was significant when the temperature dropped suddenly in flowering period, the lowest temperature reached -2.0℃, and the duration below 0℃ was 0.5 h; the dominant disaster-causing factors included the maximum diurnal range of temperature (no less than 22℃), the extreme minimum temperature (no more than -2℃), the spring cold weather, severe cooling, long duration, precipitation weather with dust weather (sandstorm, sand-blowing and floating dust) and severe wind. After freezing injury, the soluble solids content and other indicators of apple decreased to different extents. Freezing injury in apple flowering period affected the quality of apple. It will be of great scientific significance and application value to study on the freezing damage in flowering period of Fuji apple in Zepu apple producing area.

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  Application of Microbial Exopolysaccharides in Environment YANG Yi, ZHAO Shouqi, GE Jingping, SONG Gang, DU Renpeng Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin    2024, 40 (9): 66-74.   DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0362 Abstract + (127)    HTML (4)    PDF (1239KB) (5537)       Knowledge map    Microbial exopolysaccharides have important characteristics such as renewability, biodegradability, strong adsorption, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiviral properties. They have multiple applications in fields of food, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and environmental protection. Previous studies mainly focused on the isolation, purification and structure of microbial exopolysaccharides, but there were few reports on the relationship between the structure and function of microbial exopolysaccharides and the role of exopolysaccharides in environmental protection. In order to elucidate the structure-function relationship of microbial exopolysaccharides and expand their applications, this article reviews the impacts of monosaccharide composition, molecular mass, functional groups, glycosidic linkages, and surface morphology on their functions. Furthermore, potential applications of microbial exopolysaccharides in wastewater treatment, soil remediation, and antibiotic elimination for environmental protection are summarized. Due to the low yield and biological activity of microbial exopolysaccharides, their extensive industrial application is limited. It is expected that the yield of microbial exopolysaccharides can be enhanced through genetic engineering techniques, structural modification, and optimization of fermentation conditions and promote their development and application in environmental protection.

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  Effect of Biochar Combined with Organic Fertilizer on Soil Nutrients: A Review MA Danni, SHENG Jiandong, ZHANG Kun, MAO Jiefei, CHANG Song, WANG Yaofeng Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin    2024, 40 (2): 42-51.   DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0062 Abstract + (182)    HTML (2)    PDF (1204KB) (5394)       Knowledge map    To improve soil nutrient utilization efficiency and deal with single manure application problems such as dosage, fertilizer efficiency, and nutrient leaching, “biochar”, “compost”, “biochar manure application”, “soil properties” and “crop nutrients” were used as keywords to search and summarize relevant literatures on sources of Web of Science, Google Scholar, China National Knowledge Internet and others. The results showed that: (1) biochar improved the maturity of composting, increased the abundance of microbial communities, and reduced the risk of nutrient leaching in organic fertilizers, thus effectively reducing the environmental impact of traditional composting; (2) manure combined with biochar could improve soil moisture condition, and increase the contents of the available phosphorus and available potassium of different types of soils. Meanwhile, it could also provide better living materials and an environment for soil organisms and microorganisms; (3) the combination of biochar and organic fertilizer could increase the yield of crops and improve the contents of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, while different types of crops responded to them differently. The combined application of biochar and organic fertilizer enhanced soil fertility and plant nutrition, and its effect varied with the application rate, type of soil and crop and other factors. Our studies could provide a reference for efficient utilization of livestock and poultry manure resources in agricultural production.

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  Response Mechanism of Crops to Drought Stress and Measures for Improving Drought Resistance of Crops: Research Progress WANG Shuo, JIA Xiaoqian, HE Lu, LI Haoran, WANG Hongguang, HE Jianning, LI Dongxiao, FANG Qin, LI Ruiqi Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin    2022, 38 (29): 31-44.   DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-1042 Abstract + (349)    HTML (9)    PDF (1268KB) (5019)       Knowledge map    Drought is one of the most important abiotic stresses affecting the growth and yield of crops. The risk of crops suffering from drought stress is increasing under climate change. In order to cope with drought, crops show a series of resistance mechanisms, including the changes of morphological characteristics, and physiological and biochemical characteristics (antioxidant enzyme, osmotic regulation substances, and endogenous hormone), which play an important role in improving the resistance of crops under drought conditions. This paper summarized the response mechanism of crops to drought stress and introduced the measures to improve the drought resistance ability of crops, including: (1) selecting drought-resistance cultivars to promote the absorption of deep soil water; (2) soil mulching, which could reduce soil evaporation and increase soil water content; (3) water-saving irrigation techniques, such as micro-sprinkler irrigation and drip irrigation, which could precisely control the irrigation application and increase irrigation frequency; in addition, partial root-zone irrigation could reduce luxurious transpiration and soil evaporation by regulating stomatal closure; (4) anti-transpirants, which could inhibit excessive transpiration of water by forming ultrathin transparent protective film on the surface of crop branches and leaves; (5) plant growth regulators, which could enhance crop drought resistance by regulating plant physiological metabolism; (6) nano-fertilizers, which could promote plant growth and development by changing physiological and biochemical reactions of crops and enhance drought resistance of crops; (7) biochar, which is beneficial to soil aeration and water retention, and could improve soil physical properties and soil water retention capacity. In order to provide a theoretical basis and technical reference for coping with drought stress, this paper systematically discussed the action mechanism, application prospect and existing problems of the above 7 measures.

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  Molecular Mechanism of Heat Stress Tolerance in Plants: A Review JIANG Shan, WU Longying, ZHAO Baosheng, HUANG Jiahui, JIANG Yuzhe, JIAO Yuan, HUANG Jin Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin    2024, 40 (9): 132-138.   DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0544 Abstract + (229)    HTML (13)    PDF (1205KB) (4532)       Knowledge map    With the increase of global temperature, heat stress has emerged as one of the major factors affecting plant growth and development. The substantial losses caused by heat, particularly for staple crops like rice, pose a significant impact on economic benefits. In order to unravel the molecular mechanisms underlying plant response to heat stress, the adverse effects of heat stress on the morphology, physiology, biochemistry and photosynthesis have been presented. Furthermore, the three molecular mechanisms employed by plants to cope with heat stress, including signal transduction pathways, transcriptional factor regulatory networks and the expression of heat-resistance related genes have been introduced as well. Based on these insights, this review suggests that bioinformatics, genetic engineering, cell biology and molecular biology may be further employed as tools for understanding the molecular mechanisms of heat stress in plants. At last, this review offers a prospective outlook on future research directions in this field.

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  Nitrogen Metabolism Involved in Low Nitrogen Stress in Plants: A Review LI Jiajia, XU Lingqing, ZHAO Yang, RUI Xiuli, SHI Junting, LIU Dali Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin    2022, 38 (27): 119-124.   DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0269 Abstract + (658)    HTML (9)    PDF (1185KB) (3789)       Knowledge map    The increasing deterioration of the environment has forced people to abandon the concept of high-fertilizer production and shift to the concept of low-fertilizer green production. This study reviewed different metabolic levels, and morphological, physiological and molecular responses of plants from five aspects: enzymes involved in nitrogen metabolism, nitrogen assimilation pathways, primary metabolism, secondary metabolism and nitrogen metabolism-related genes under low nitrogen stress, discussed the low nitrogen tolerance strategies of plants at different growth stages, and expounded the enzymes related to nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) and their regulatory mechanism in the process of resisting nitrogen stress. It is proposed that in the future, according to the differences of low nitrogen tolerance of different plants or different growth periods of the same plant, and the relationship of key gene expression products, the molecular response mechanisms of plants under low nitrogen stress could be systematically and comprehensively studied from multiple disciplines and perspectives, so as to provide theoretical reference for the research on plant nitrogen metabolism involved in low nitrogen stress.

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  The Forms and Classification Methods of Phosphorus in Soil: Research Progress YE Gengkang, E Shengzhe, CHEN Zhengyu, YUAN Jinhua, LU Gangbin, ZHANG Peng, LIU Yana, ZHAO Tianxin, WANG Yuxuan Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin    2023, 39 (1): 96-102.   DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0041 Abstract + (967)    HTML (36)    PDF (1174KB) (3736)       Knowledge map    Phosphorus in soil directly determines plant growth and crop yields, but phosphorus existing forms in soil are very complex, and those phosphorus forms that can be absorbed and utilized by plants account for only a small part of total phosphorus. Therefore, it is important to study the existing forms and classification methods of phosphorus in soil to improve the phosphorus use efficiency of crops, explore ways to enhance phosphorus availability, and reduce phosphorus loss. In this paper, the existing forms of phosphorus in soil, influencing factors of soil phosphorus availability and phosphorus classification methods were reviewed. The results show that the forms of phosphorus in soil consist of two major categories: inorganic phosphorus and organophosphorus, phosphorus absorbed by plants is mainly water soluble inorganic phosphorus, and other forms of phosphorus are difficult to be absorbed by plants, causing low utilization efficiency of phosphorus in soil. There are many factors that lead to low phosphorus use efficiency, mainly ions like calcium, iron and aluminum, and organic matter, pH, temperature, moisture etc. To study and improve the mechanism of the influencing factors could effectively enhance phosphorus utilization efficiency. At the same time, with the continuous improvement of phosphorus classification methods by domestic and foreign scholars, the effective forms of phosphorus have been studied more in-depth and accurately. Bowman-Cole organophosphorus classification method and Hedley’s phosphorus classification method are the two most widely used methods at present.

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  Think about Agricultural Development from the Pathway of Plants Absorbing Carbon Under “Soil Degradation” and “Carbon Peaking and Carbon Neutralization” ZHENG Xiaolan, LU Haiju, CUI Changhua, ZHENG Fucong, TAN Shibei, XI Jingen, YI Kexian Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin    2023, 39 (36): 154-164.   DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0006 Abstract + (128)    HTML (4)    PDF (1312KB) (3631)       Knowledge map    At present, we are faced with two world-class problems of “soil degradation” and “carbon peaking and carbon neutralization” target, both of which share a common point of carbon. What are the pathways for plants to absorb carbon? Can humans help achieve the goal of “carbon peaking and carbon neutralization” through crops and agricultural operations? To gain a deeper understanding of the interrelationships among them, and to contribute to the sustainable development of agriculture and the achievement of the “carbon peaking and carbon neutralization” target, this article started from the above two issues and the perspective of the carbon element ecosystem cycle. By reading a large amount of literature, tracking academic frontiers, summarizing the pathways of plant carbon absorption and the application research of carbon rich organic fertilizers, the representative results of carbon absorption and utilization by plants were found as followed. (1) Plant nutrients included organic matter and minerals. (2) The carbon cycle pathway of the ecosystem had been improved: increasing the way for plants to directly absorb and utilize small molecule carbohydrates through their roots. That is, in the carbon cycle of the ecosystem, carbon could be transferred from soil to plants. (3) Carbon rich fertilizers mainly included humus, organic fertilizer, microbial organic fertilizer, organic carbon fertilizer, etc. According to the pathway that plants absorb carbon elements, plants could absorb small molecule carbohydrates through their roots. Farmers could increase organic matter in cultivated soil through farming operations, improve soil and promote crop growth, while helping to achieve the goal of “carbon peaking and carbon neutralization”.

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  Plant Salt-exclusion Mechanism: A Review LI Xia, LIU Chuanxin, XU Bin, DONG Rongshu, HUAN Hengfu, HUANG Chunqiong, YAN Linling, WANG Wenqiang, YANG Hubiao, YU Daogeng, WANG Zhiyong, LIU Yiming Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin    2023, 39 (27): 86-94.   DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0680 Abstract + (145)    HTML (3)    PDF (1373KB) (3627)       Knowledge map    This paper aims to provide new ideas for exploring the internal mechanism of plant salt exclusion, screening of salt-exclusion plants and breeding of salt-exclusion crops. The authors review how plants cope with salt stress through salt-exclusion pathways such as tissue structure adaptation, signaling pathway and transporter gene regulation, clarify the key roles of casparian strip of endodermis, suberization of endodermis and exodermis of root, pericycle and xylem parenchyma in plant salt exclusion, and elucidate the species differences in tissue structure in plant salt exclusion. SOS pathway, NHX, HAK and HKT and other transporters play important regulatory roles in the process of plant salt exclusion. SOS pathway, NHX and HAK are ubiquitous in various types of root cells, mainly responsible for Na+ exclusion, transport and vacuole compartmentalization; HKT genes are mainly expressed in xylem parenchyma tissues, and it may play role of salt compartmentalization in xylem parenchyma.

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  Research Progress of Agricultural Soil Carbon Sink YUAN Mingrui, YANG Fengshan, CAI Baiyan, FU Haiyan, LIU Chunguang Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin    2023, 39 (8): 37-42.   DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0370 Abstract + (264)    HTML (9)    PDF (1208KB) (3573)       Knowledge map    The soil carbon pool accounts for more than 90% of the terrestrial ecosystem carbon pool, and the carbon content of the soil carbon pool is 3-4 times that of the vegetation carbon pool and 2-3 times that of the atmospheric carbon pool. To fully explore the huge benefits of reducing carbon emission and increasing carbon sink of soil carbon pool and realize the goal of carbon neutrality before 2060, this paper summarized research progress of agricultural soil carbon sink. In soil carbon pool, agricultural soil carbon sink has great emission reduction potential and emission reduction cost advantages, and is an important way to deal with climate change. Although the potential of soil carbon sink is considerable, current research on soil carbon sink is still sluggish. At present, the research on agricultural soil carbon sink is faced with three main challenges: lack of comprehensive viewpoint and with insufficient carbon emission calculation indexes; the research content cannot keep pace with the time; and the spatial variation analysis cannot reveal the source difference of soil carbon sink. In order to exploit the huge emission reduction and sink benefits of soil carbon pool, this paper provides an overview of agricultural soil carbon sink from four perspectives, specifically: an overview of agricultural soil carbon sink in terms of its impact on peaking carbon emissions and realizing carbon neutrality; a review of agricultural soil carbon emission and carbon reduction measures from three aspects of agricultural soil carbon emission and its causes, regional differences and dynamics of agricultural soil carbon emission, and agricultural soil carbon sink and its reduction effect; suggestions for research directions and strategies of agricultural soil carbon sink; and an outlook on agricultural soil carbon sink. This study will provide a theoretical basis for reducing carbon emissions from agricultural soils and for establishing a sound and green low carbon cycle development system.

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  Microalgal Co-culture Treatment Wastewater and Its Downstream Products Resource Utilization: A Review XU Jing, WANG Meiqi, ZOU Jialin, LIN Yimeng, PING Wenxiang Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin    2023, 39 (29): 159-164.   DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0133 Abstract + (125)    HTML (4)    PDF (1069KB) (3461)       Knowledge map    Microalgae, as the third generation biomass energy, has great potential in wastewater treatment. In order to seek more economical treatment methods, the co-culture of microalgae with other microorganisms can promote the flocculation harvest of microalgae and increase biomass and lipid production, thus reducing the cost of microalgae wastewater treatment. In this paper, the types of microalgae co-culture systems and the mechanisms, system settings, and influencing factors of microalgae co-culture treatment of wastewater were summarized. The current research of microalgae using wastewater as a growth substrate to produce high-value by-products was described, and the prospects and challenges of wastewater treatment and reutilization by microalgal co-culture were pointed out.

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  Research Progress on MYB Transcription Factors Related to Anthocyanin Synthesis in Solanaceae SUN Baojuan, LI Tao, YOU Qian, GONG Chao, LI Zhenxing, LI Zhiliang Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin    2023, 39 (36): 102-111.   DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0035 Abstract + (143)    HTML (5)    PDF (1323KB) (3400)       Knowledge map    MYB transcription factors are the largest family of transcription factors in plants, and one of their important functions is to regulate anthocyanin synthesis. In order to comprehensively understand the regulation of MYB transcription factors on anthocyanidin synthesis in Solanaceae, this paper summarized the research progress of MYB transcription factors related to anthocyanidin synthesis in seven solanaceous plants, including petunia, potato, tomato, chili, eggplant, tobacco and Lycium chinensis, in terms of gene isolation and cloning, spatio-temporal expression, regulatory mode, etc. By phylogenetic analysis of MYB transcription factors genes related to anthocyanin metabolism pathway in Solanaceae, the author found that activated and inhibited MYB transcription factors in different Solanaceae plants were clustered by functions. The key MYB transcription factor genes regulating anthocyanin synthesis in fruit, namely SlANT1, SmMYB1, StAN1 and StAN2 were preferentially clustered together, and then clustered with StMYBA1, SlAN2 and LrAN2-like. SlAN2-like, SmMYB2, StMYB113，LrMYB1 and CaMYB were clustered together. SlAN2 and SlMYB75 of tomato are identical genes with different names; SmMYB1, SmMYB6 and SmMYB113 of eggplant are the same MYB transcription factor genes with different names. In this paper we propose the further research direction of MYB transcription factor genes related to anthocyanin biosynthesis, providing reference for the analysis of tissue-specific regulation mechanism of anthocyanin synthesis in Solanaceae vegetables, the improvement of fruit colors by gene regulation and gene engineering, etc.

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  Mechanism and Functionalization of Biochar for Pesticide Adsorption: Research Progress DONG Xu, CHU Yue, TONG Zhou, MENG Dandan, SUN Mingna, ZHOU Liangliang, WANG Minghua, DUAN Jinsheng Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin    2023, 39 (13): 117-124.   DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0346 Abstract + (193)    HTML (0)    PDF (2028KB) (3313)       Knowledge map    Pesticide is an important input in agricultural production. Due to the restricting elements such as pesticide improper use, pesticide resistance and environmental factors, the effective utilization rate of pesticide is low. Pesticide pollution of soil can lead to soil dysfunction, and the exposure of pesticide may cause acute, chronic and long-term harm to human health. As a new material, biochar can be used to fix/degrade pollutants and minimize the risk of soil pollution with its high aromatic character, excellent absorbability and environmental friendliness. In this paper, the characteristics and formation mechanism of biochar, its adsorption mechanism of pesticides and the pathway of functionalization are briefly discussed by summarizing the research results at home and abroad.

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  Lignocellulose Separation and Utilization Based on Choline Chloride Eutectic Solvents: A Review LIU Jing, WANG Changmei, ZHAO Xingling, WU Kai, YIN Fang, YANG Hong, YANG Bin, LIANG Chengyue, ZHANG Wudi Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin    2023, 39 (33): 156-164.   DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0835 Abstract + (126)    HTML (4)    PDF (1175KB) (3251)       Knowledge map    In order to remove the inherent complex resistance structure of lignocellulose and achieve efficient utilization of lignocellulose, new lignocellulosic pretreatment technologies have been improved continuously. As green solvents, Deep Eutectic Solvents (DESs) have the advantages of low cost, simple preparation, thermal stability, and designability. They have great application potential in promoting the pretreatment of lignocellulose and enzymatic hydrolysis, and have received widespread attention. Based on the analysis and summary of the research status and achievements at home and abroad, the research progress of synthesis and properties of DESs, pretreatment mechanism, enzymatic hydrolysis, and bioethanol conversion were discussed. It was pointed out that different hydrogen bond donors and different pre-treatment conditions had a significant impact on the lignin removal rate and glucose yield. It was believed that pretreatment of lignocellulose with DESs could greatly improve the saccharification rate. Prospects for DESs pretreatment mechanism, recycling, and process parameter optimization were proposed.

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  Regulation Effect of Biochar on Bacterial Community in Cotton Field Soil under Saline Water Drip Irrigation YE Yang, XIANG Guiqin, GUO Xiaowen, MIN Wei, GUO Huijuan Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin    2024, 40 (6): 91-100.   DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0236 Abstract + (138)    HTML (4)    PDF (2063KB) (3210)       Knowledge map    To explore the regulation effects of biochar application on soil physicochemical properties and bacterial communities in cotton field soil under long-term saline water irrigation, based on long-term saline water (8.04 dS/m) irrigation, three treatments were set up for field positioning experiments: no nitrogen fertilizer application (N0), nitrogen fertilizer treatment (N360) and biochar combined with nitrogen fertilizer treatment (BC). Determination of soil bacterial community composition was conducted by high-throughput sequencing technology. The results showed that compared with N0 treatment, N360 treatment significantly increased soil electrical conductivity and total nitrogen, but significantly decreased soil pH and available phosphorus content; BC treatment significantly increased soil water content, electrical conductivity, total carbon, total nitrogen and available potassium content. Compared with N0 treatment, N360 and BC decreased the Shannon and Simpson indices of bacterial communities, while N360 treatment increased the Chao 1 and ACE indices. The dominant bacteria at phylum level were Proteobacteria, Acidobacteriota and Actinobacteriota; the dominant bacteria at genus level were Nitrosospira, RB41 and Sphingomonas. N360 treatment increased the relative abundance of Proteobacteria, Acidobacteriota and Firmicutes, but decreased the relative abundance of Actinobacteriota, Gemmatimonadota and Thermoplasmatota; BC treatment increased the relative abundance of Actinobacteriota, Nitrospirota and Chloroflexi, while decreased the relative abundance of Acidobacteriota, Bacteroidota and Verrucomicrobiota. LEfSe analysis showed that both N360 and BC treatments reduced the number of potential biomarkers of bacteria. The RDA results showed a significant correlation between soil bacterial community structure and soil total nitrogen and available potassium content. Nitrogen fertilizer and Biochar combined with nitrogen fertilizer can regulate soil physicochemical properties, thus regulating soil bacterial community structure, which can form dominant species to adapt to salt environment.

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  Migration Pathways of Heavy Metals in Plants and Influencing Factors: Research Progress LIAO Yumeng, LI Zuran, ZU Yanqun, LIU Caixin Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin    2022, 38 (24): 63-69.   DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0231 Abstract + (895)    HTML (11)    PDF (1265KB) (3131)       Knowledge map    After absorbed by plants, the heavy metals from soil will accumulate in different parts of the plant through lateral and vertical migration. The lateral migration includes the pathways of symplast and apoplast. The vertical migration includes the pathways of xylem and phloem. The factors affecting the migration of cadmium, lead and zinc in plants include barrier structure, transport, physiological metabolites and energy supply. The study of the migration characteristics of heavy metals in plants provides a certain basis for the phytoremediation of soil polluted by heavy metals and the safe utilization of agricultural soil.

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  Rice Bacterial Blight Resistance Genes and Resistance-related Factors: A Review on Research and Utilization LI Zhou, YANG Yayun, DAI Luyuan, ZHANG Feifei, A Xinxiang, DONG Chao, WANG Bin, TANG Cuifeng Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin    2022, 38 (30): 91-99.   DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0941 Abstract + (553)    HTML (15)    PDF (1172KB) (3045)       Knowledge map    Bacterial blight severely restricts the production of rice. The discovery and utilization of disease-resistant genes is currently the most environment-friendly and effective way to control the disease. In order to efficiently discover, study and utilize bacterial blight resistance genes, this paper summarized the interaction mechanism between bacterial blight and rice, concluded the location and cloning status of bacterial blight resistance genes, and classified their functional types. Research progress on disease resistance-related factors was reviewed. In view of the current situation that the research progress of bacterial blight resistance genes is slow and the overview research reports are relatively lagging behind, we put forward the research prospect, and believe that more in-depth research should be done on the location cloning and utilization of rice bacterial blight resistance genes, and the synergistic relationship between genes and disease resistance-related factors should be explored.

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  Research Progress on Aquatic Plants & Epiphytic Microorganisms and Their Regulation on Fishery Environment FAN Dingyue, XU Huimin, QIU Liping, LI Dandan, HU Gengdong, FAN Limin, SONG Chao, CHEN Jiazhang, MENG Shunlong Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin    2024, 40 (10): 159-164.   DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0268 Abstract + (115)    HTML (4)    PDF (1125KB) (3009)       Knowledge map    The environmental and ecological problems have been widely concerned in fishery waters. At present, it has been found that aquatic plants and their epiphytic microorganisms play a significant role in the removal of pollutants in fishery waters, which are sustainable and efficient water quality regulation measure, and are widely used in the regulation of fishery environment. In this paper, the relevant research progress in recent years is reviewed from the perspectives of aquatic plant restoration methods, the interaction between aquatic plants and epiphytic microorganisms, and the role of aquatic plants and their epiphytic microorganisms in typical pollutants in fishery waters. The aim is to clarify the important role of aquatic plants and their epiphytic microorganisms in water quality regulation. We also hope to identify the current limitation of aquatic plant-epiphytic microbial ecological regulation methods and demonstrate the direction of improving these control methods, providing a better scheme for the water quality regulation of fishery environment.

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  Agroecology Meta-analysis Based on Bibliometrics: A Review YANG Ruizhe, CHEN Lanlan, LIU Xuejian, ZHENG Yiming, ZHENG Wei, ZHAI Bingnian, WANG Zhaohui, LI Ziyan Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin    2022, 38 (31): 154-164.   DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-1011 Abstract + (254)    HTML (3)    PDF (2319KB) (2905)       Knowledge map    To understand the development and application of meta-analysis in agroecology research and provide reference for relevant research, 718 valid literature was obtained with ‘meta’ as the keyword, and quantified by CiteSpace visualization software and Web of Science (WOS) literature analysis tool. The results show that the total number of international publications in agro-ecological meta-analysis has increased significantly. University of California, Davis (UC Davis), China Agricultural University, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences and Wageningen University have high international influence in the field of agro-ecological meta-analysis. The research topics of agroecology meta-analysis are diverse. The assessment of ecological and environmental effects of farmland management measures, land use change, climate change on biodiversity and greenhouse gases, the dynamics of carbon and nitrogen nutrient cycling, and the changes and interaction difference of different ecosystems are the main application fields at the present stage. As an important tool for agro-ecological research, meta-analysis provides a new way to verify hypotheses and develop new theories for large-scale comprehensive research, but it is still difficult to fully meet the needs of practical work by simple meta-analysis. A comprehensive meta-analysis based on big data fusion, machine learning model algorithms and expert knowledge assessment will be the focus of future research.