Current issue

• 2003 Vol.19 No.1 Published:25 February 2003

  目次

  The trait of wpland sorghum with the features of rile and wheat and the problems that showld be paid more attention in growing stage 2003, 19 (1):  1-1.  Abstract + ( 952 )   PDF ( 222684KB )   ( 808 )

  Study on the technology of infinite-growth-typed tomato cultivated by deep flow technique of nutrient solution Song Weitang, Zhang Shuge, Huang Zhidong 2003, 19 (1):  5-5.  Abstract + ( 1599 )   PDF ( 337541KB )   ( 720 ) According to different demands of light, temperature and humidity, during different growth periods of tomato, by adjustments and controls of green house comprehensive environments, and by control and transformation of tomato nutritive growth and reproductive growth, using the infinitive-growth-typed cultivated by deep flow technique, it was the first time that over 10,000 tomato fruits per plant was harvested within one year. The result of tomato fruits check showed that the fruits were of high quality and nutrition abundant, and the contents of its NO3-, NO2- and organic phosphor were all under the national standards of green food.

  INFLUENCES OF MICROADDITIVES ON COMPOST OF PIG MANURE Liu yueqiu Liu kefeng Lei zunpu Shi aiping Liu Cailin Wang hongli 2003, 19 (1):  9-9.  Abstract + ( 2112 )   PDF ( 305599KB )   ( 664 ) It was the first time that microadditives were used in pig-manure composting. The results of additives on pig-manure composting indicated that these additives could not only accelerate the compost’s maturity but also improve its quality due to the rapid growth and reproduction of microbes in pig-manure caused by additives. Lanthanon guoguang was the best among them.

  Inhibition of the soil antagonistic bacteria against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum YANG Shui-ying, ZHANG Xue-kun, LI Jia-na, MA Guan-hua 2003, 19 (1):  13-13.  Abstract + ( 1907 )   PDF ( 300472KB )   ( 808 ) Bacteria CHB101 was obviously antagonistic to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum through dual culture method, producing an inhibitory belt up to 1.12 cm in width. Microscopically observed, the hyphae were altered in morphology, including necrosis of the hyphal wall, concentration and leakage of the cytoplasma, production of microconidia on the side of the hyphae. On water-agar plate, CHB101 inhibited the germination of sclerotium. The higher the concentration of CHB101, the better the efficiency was. The culture solution without CHB101 was not significantly antagonistic to the hyphal growth of Scerotinia sclerotiorum.

  Effects of Fertilization Constitution on Rice Growth of Paddy Soil Derived from Red Earth Zhuang Shaodong 2003, 19 (1):  16-16.  Abstract + ( 1322 )   PDF ( 267964KB )   ( 588 ) Results of field experiment showed that combined application of organic manure and fertilizers increased root vigor，reduced the decline of chlorophyll and protein content and the senescence of flag leaf，increased ear/tillering ratio, percentage of full grains，weight of thousand grains and rice grain yield. In addition, combined application of organic manure and fertilizers had positive effects on improving soil fertility and physical characteristics. In a word，combined application of organic manure and fertilizers is a effective measure of improving soil fertility and rice grain yield.

  Studies on Occurrence Rule of Sheath Bligh of Rice in The Rice Area of Hanzhong Wang Xiaoe,Feng Zhifeng,Wang Guojun,Pan hemei,He Zhongjun,Zhang Chunhui Jian Hongzhong,Deng Gensheng,Zhao Hanhong 2003, 19 (1):  18-18.  Abstract + ( 1526 )   PDF ( 346696KB )   ( 606 ) The growth and decay rule of Sheath Bligh of Rice was studied by spot espial and meteorogy observation in The Rice Area of Hanzhong.The results showed that the middle ten days of a moth July to the first ten days of a month August is outbreak period of disease.The occurrence have dealings with rainday,rainfall,daily relative humidity,illumination.

  Research in the Exogenous ABA on the Pre-harvest Sprouting of Hybrid Rice Seed YONG Tai-Wen YANG Wen-Yu WANG Xiao-Chun 2003, 19 (1):  21-21.  Abstract + ( 1559 )   PDF ( 266276KB )   ( 797 ) The test of exogenous ABA with different concentrations on rice G46A-line at different spraying time was conducted. The results showed: Exogenous ABA can evidently reduce panicle sprouting percentage of rice G46A-line at every spraying time. The effective concentrations of ABA are different at different spraying time. The effective concentration (90mg/L) is high at early spraying time, and the effective concentration (50mg/L) is low at late spraying time. The exogenous ABA affect seed setting percentage and grain dry weight. It was not found anything negative on F1 germination rate in ABA treatment after a period of storage.

  Effects of rice seeds soaked in Yunda-120 solution on the rice seedling quality and rice yield Liu bo Shen guopeng Wang shengbao Zhang chunhui Xi guangqing He zhongjun 2003, 19 (1):  24-24.  Abstract + ( 1243 )   PDF ( 220244KB )   ( 581 ) The rice seeds are soaked in “Yunda-120”solution，The result shows that the treatment can increase conspicuously the germination percentage，germination power、rice seedling quality，effective ear and rice yield，germination power increased by 13.68% to 23.94%;Germination percentage increased by 3.75% to 18.75%;Effective ear increased by 0.5% to 7.43%；Yield increased by 1.03% to 8.49%. The method is easy and important popularize value in production.

  The Preliminary Results on the Improvement to 478 Using Yugoslovia Maize Inbreds Li Yu-ling Zhang Yali Tao Hua 2003, 19 (1):  26-26.  Abstract + ( 1225 )   PDF ( 216976KB )   ( 544 ) This paper studied the indirect utilization of the introduced Yugoslavia inbreds through 14 S2 lines from 478×three introduced inbreds and their 56 testcrosses with Chinese elite inbreds belonging to different heterotic groups.The result showed that the Yugoslavia inbreds 9804、9805、9806 were effective in 478 improvement.In the 14 generation lines , the GCA of 3 lines was significantly positive and had great value in breeding. The per –plant yield of 13 crosses was higher significantly than check by 4.55%-33.28% in the 56 testcrosses. But their utilization value in production should be tested furthermore.

  Effect of HA—K on Corn Development and Factors Forming Yield Yang An-ming, Wang Hai-chao, Liu Man-dao, Tang Bao-shan, Xia Zhi-ming, Xing Hui-ping, Yang Feng 2003, 19 (1):  30-30.  Abstract + ( 1728 )   PDF ( 218209KB )   ( 692 ) HA—K produced a great on corn development and factors forming yield. The results indicated that there was greatly relativity (from o.8434 to 0.9997)between seed soaked with diffrent concentration of HA—K and seedling development, that average plant height, ear-site Height , stem thickness, ear lengh, number of grains in a ear, weight per 1000 corn grains and total yield increased in turn by 5.04cm, 5.12cm, 0.072cm, 0.983cm, 0.2616cm, 57.74grains,28.303 gram. And 24.79 per cent than the control. But the bare top of corn ear decreased by 3.164 per cont than the control . The effect of concentration X2 On development and factors forming yield exceeded that of concentration X1. And optimum concentration of HA—K as follows: from 576.6 to 1369.7mg/kg as seed soaked with it; From 903.4 to 1617.9mg/kg as it was sprayed on corn leaves.

  Studies on Selecting Indicators of Glutinous Maize Hybrid Tang Guomin,Long Liping,Xia Dejun,Yuan Tangyu,Yu Li-zhi,Li Mei-gui 2003, 19 (1):  33-33.  Abstract + ( 1346 )   PDF ( 152897KB )   ( 612 ) The research was carried out on the effects of plant-type and yield characteristics on their grain yield and grain nutrients, based on regional test materials of glutinous maize. The results showed that grain yield and most of yield characteristics of compact-type hybrid are higher than that of flat-type hybrid. The most three important factors are spike length and spike diameter and 1000 grains weight for the grain yield. There are very obvious differences of grain nutrients and peel thickness between hybrids. Compact-type, high grain nutrients, thin grain peel, and large spike and grain weight can be regarded as selecting main aims of glutinous maize hybrids.

  The Effect of Combining Use of Water and Nitrogen on Yield and Quality of High-Gluten Wheat and Their Relation Analysis JI Shu-qin ZHAO Shu-zhang LU Feng-rong Wang Shaozhong 2003, 19 (1):  36-36.  Abstract + ( 1607 )   PDF ( 243858KB )   ( 636 ) The combining effects of watering and additional Nitrogen on yield and quality of high-gluten wheat were studied in control conditions of pool cultivation. The results showed that wheat yield and quality could be increased significantly when both N and water were applied at late growing stage of wheat at the yield level of 300 Kg/mu, compared with watering only. The best result come from the combining use of water and N at elongation stage. Increasing fertilizer amount of N at late growing stage could improve grain quality greatly. It is difficult for high-gluten wheat to reach to the national quality standard when planting in poor soil.

  Effects of Nitrogen and Potash Application On Grape Zhao Yong-zhi,Wu Wen-qiang, Zhou Shu-ling, Dong Yu-qin 2003, 19 (1):  42-42.  Abstract + ( 1356 )   PDF ( 279644KB )   ( 562 ) On the basis of the results from the field experiments we came to reach the conclusion that potash had very significant effect on the yield of grape, moreover there was the well-simulated mathematical model between them：y=1887.4+97.6K-3.98K2; the preferable ratio of N to K2O was 16 to 12. The rational fertilizers combination should be appropriately adjusted according to the different grape varieties and soil fertility conditions when applying fertilizers.

  Studies on the Identification and Biological Properties of the Pathogen of Indian Jujube Black Spot YUAN Gao-Qing LAI Chuan-Ya HUANG Li-Hua 2003, 19 (1):  44-44.  Abstract + ( 1671 )   PDF ( 246349KB )   ( 765 ) It was identified that Alternaria alternata Keissler. was the pathogen of Indian Jujube black spot. The temperature range for the pathogen growth and sporulation was 10~35℃ with the optimal of 25~30℃. PDA was the optimal medium for the mycelial growth and sporulation. The pathogen could grow and sporulate in the condition of pH 3~11,while the optimal pH for mycelial growth was 6-7 and for sporulation was 5. The conidium could germinate well at 20~30℃ and pH 5~9, with the optimum of 25℃ and pH 7, the optimum humidity was RH 100% with water drop. 1% liquid of dextrose and leaf extract of Indian Jujube could hasten spore germination obviously.

  Studies of affecting factors on rooting induction of embryogenic test tube seedling of Chinese Date in tissue culture Du Xuemei, Li Dengke，Zhang Yuping,Yu Jizhou 2003, 19 (1):  48-48.  Abstract + ( 1401 )   PDF ( 218858KB )   ( 580 ) A series of factors affecting rooting were studied in embryo culture of Chinese Date(Popozao).The results of experiment are as follows: IAA was more effective than IBA and NAA in stimulating adventitious rooting regeneration, reached as high as 60.7% of rooting rate when IAA is 2.0mg/L;But,the coordinating result of IAA and IBA is better than that of IAA and IBA by single, the best compose is IBA 1.0mg/L and IAA 0.01mg/L,and the best medium of inducting rooting is 1/2MS+IBA1.0mg/L+IAA0.01mg/L+sugar20g,91.0% rooting rate obtained;Cytokinin BA restrain the formation of adventitious rooting; Other factors of affecting rooting, such as the quality of vitro seedling and dark time, were described, too. Key word: Chinese Date; embryogenic test tube seedling; rooting

  The Present Situation and Forecasting for High Efficient nitrogen Utilization of Rice Breeding )Luo Zhixiang )Su Zesheng )Shi Fuzhi )Ruan Xinming )Piao Zhongze 2003, 19 (1):  66-66.  Abstract + ( 1447 )   PDF ( 206269KB )   ( 975 ) The average nitrogen utilization ratio is among 28%-37% in rice in our country. The amount of nitrogen use in one season is 27.6% more than the international generally accepted standard. So, 1.8 million tones nitrogen was wasted in every year, and serve pollution were made. The utilization of some slow-released chemical manures could improve the nitrogen utilization ratio. But, the cost was so high. Our country’s scientists have checked up one QTL, which was relation to nitrogen utilization ratio. It displayed addition and dominant effect. So, breeding new rice varieties of high efficient nitrogen utilization which adept to different cultivation conditions was practical and effective. It has an important meaning to reducing the amount of nitrogen use and protecting the environment.

  A review of rice amylose and its content Ming Dongfeng ,Ma Jun ,Ma Wenbo ,Xu Fengying ,Sun Xiaohui ,Tian Yanhua 2003, 19 (1):  68-68.  Abstract + ( 1340 )   PDF ( 333679KB )   ( 982 ) amylose content(AC)is one of the key influential factors. This article sums up research results about rice amylose of the rice research workers , discuss the structure and the physical and chemical qualities of amylose and the influence on edible taste of rice ,inheritance mechanism of AC ,the interrelated properties about AC ,the environmental influential factors ,the change mechanism of AC, the new development about research and determine methods of AC ,how to improve AC, and the insufficient problems which exist in research of AC.

  ABSTRACT Cheng yu qin 2003, 19 (1):  72-72.  Abstract + ( 1328 )   PDF ( 166214KB )   ( 1017 ) The article introduced the damage of apple latent viruses and the present status of cultivation of virus-free apple at home and abroad .It also introduced several methods of deleting and detecting apple viruses.

  Gene silencing and the countermeasures Yeaihua Wuyanjun Yanli 2003, 19 (1):  81-81.  Abstract + ( 1166 )   PDF ( 252884KB )   ( 764 ) Gene silencing is the main factor of transgene inactivity。There are two kinds of gene silencing，tran-scriptional gene silencing and post-transcriptional gene silencing．In order to avoid gene silencing and improve transgene expression level，we should decrease methylation、aviod homogeneity and repeat sequences and use matrix attachment regions。

  “Circulate line selection in double direction” Lv Wen-yan Cao Ping Guo Yu-hua Cao Bing-chen 2003, 19 (1):  84-84.  Abstract + ( 1567 )   PDF ( 268336KB )   ( 646 ) “Circulate line selection in double direction” is a new selection procedure combined multiplication of seeds and development of new varieties. From this procedure foundation seed are produced according to the principle of “selection among purity” and at same time new varieties can be developed according to the principle of “selection among outstanding”. It is differ both from the method of “circulate line selection” for seed reproduction and from the method of “pure line breeding” for varieties development.

  APPROACH of JAPANCA RICE BREEDING SEED SELECTION AIM on GUIZHOU YU Ben-xun ZHANG Shi-long 2003, 19 (1):  91-91.  Abstract + ( 1210 )   PDF ( 262011KB )   ( 557 ) by integrated analyse growth period, spacing high, effective ear, grain weight, seed rate, ect, aim high crop breed, so that ascertain japanca rice breeding seed best selection aim, and direct Guizhou japanca rice breeding seed afford reference, exploit Guizhou province japanca rice area experiment data. The result indicate that Guizhou japanca rice breed seed’s aim: growth period 165～170d，spacing high 95～105cm, effective ear 0.2701~0.350 million/hm2, each ear grain 100~140, seed rate 80% upward, and kilo grain weight 25~27 gram.

  Plant Systemic Acquired Disease Resistance and Its Application Prospect in Crop Disease Control Liu Feng Mu Wei He Maohua Bi Yanhong Liu Xuetao 2003, 19 (1):  94-94.  Abstract + ( 1439 )   PDF ( 89965KB )   ( 943 ) The characteristic of plant systemic acquired resistance(SAR), commercial inducers and the application prospect of SAR in crop disease control were talked in this article.

  The Effects of Cultivation Measures on Qualities of High-gluten Wheat Chang shouwei ， Wang qingqin ， Wang huaiping 2003, 19 (1):  97-97.  Abstract + ( 1417 )   PDF ( 262723KB )   ( 607 ) Wheat protein contents has high correlation with cultivation measures.This paper analyzed the effects of some factors on protein contents of high-gluten wheat,which are Nitrogen,Phosphor,Kalium,organic,fertilizer,irrigation,and resistance of disease and insect;and put forward some essential cultivation measures.

  Conditions and Problems of Wheat Quality in Huaibei Region of Jiangsu Province and Its Development Strategies Gu kejun Yang sijun Zhang henggan Li denmin 2003, 19 (1):  99-99.  Abstract + ( 1180 )   PDF ( 270203KB )   ( 691 ) According the characters of demand-supply in wheat market ,this article analyses the status and problems of wheat development and quality in Huaibei region, Jiangsu province. Meanwhile , author introduce the ecological 、climatic and regional traffic conditions in this region and point out the distinctive superiorities of developing special wheat which contains middle or high gluten and put forward some relevant ways .In addition, author discuss some ecological and climatic factors affecting wheat quality.

  The trait of wpland sorghum with the features of rile and wheat and the problems that showld be paid more attention in growing stage 2003, 19 (1):  108-108.  Abstract + ( 927 )   PDF ( 142599KB )   ( 572 )

  Evaluation of new varities of high-quality rapeseed Jiang xiaosong Ding Wenbin Huang Weiping Guo Yaxian,Tao Jiping,Yuxuhu Xie Guosheng Huang Zeqing 2003, 19 (1):  117-117.  Abstract + ( 1481 )   PDF ( 295524KB )   ( 548 ) New varieties of 9 high-quality rapeseed that this research pass to Jiangsu province the inside outside breed to proceed the big area demonstrate with compare to experiment, and have to out from the inside: the super rapeseed be breeded by Huazong Agricultural University with the Youyan-9 be breeded by Guizou province oil crops research institute, and all appeared synthesize the performance good, strong resistance,high yield, good quality and broad adaptiveness. the actual yield locate the affiliation to experiment the Varieties the first with the second, attain respectively 2745kg/hm2 with 2632.5kg/ hm2, have the expansion applied foreground.

  Construct of Base and Develop of Industrialization of Improved varieties of sugarcane in Guizhou GongDeyong XieHuijue ZhouZhengbang LiuFanzhi YiDaiyong 2003, 19 (1):  128-128.  Abstract + ( 1504 )   PDF ( 217349KB )   ( 603 ) Take renewal and change of improved varieties of sugarcane as target, construction of breeding bases of improved varieties as core, bring forth new ideas and utilization of advanced and applicable technique as support, measure of industrializaticn development as method, strengthen construction of sugarcane base of varietal breeding、 experiment and demonstration、overall appraisal、 popularization、technological training、 visit and study、 radiate development et，achieve purpose of integrate experiment uith demonstration、 appraisal system perfect、 varietal structure rational、cultural technique form a complete set、relation between supply and demand coordination, enable get imto uninterrupted developmental way of industrailization management，advantage course of improved varieties development of sugarcane production in Guizhou.

  Vegetable Production In China Faces Opportunity and Challenge Tang renhua Zhu xiaobo 2003, 19 (1):  131-131.  Abstract + ( 1467 )   PDF ( 271375KB )   ( 835 ) After joining the WTO, the vegetable industry, as a labor intensive one of agriculture in China, meets with both opportunity and challenge. There are many opportunities for the development of vegetable production such as the increase of foreign investment and vegetable export, the promotion of production techniques and Furthering abundance of vegetable variety resources. Meanwhile, it also faces competitions in the aspect of R & D power, product quality and standard , as well as between agricultural enterprises.

  Accelerate the Formation and Transformation of Agricultural Science and Technology Achievements with Market-Based Mechanism Huan Honghua, Hou Jibo, He Jiahui, Shao Guoqing 2003, 19 (1):  136-136.  Abstract + ( 1722 )   PDF ( 147042KB )   ( 562 ) Along with China’s entry into WTO, agriculture becomes the focus of people’s attention again. How to deal with the opportunities and challenges of agriculture? According to the author, one of the key ways is accelerate the formation and transformation of agricultural science and technology achievements with market-based mechanism. In the formation of achievements, the way is to strengthen market-based consciousness, to adjust research emphases in time, to improve methods of examine and manage, to help researchers to change their conception on science study, and to increase the investment in agricultural science research. It is also very important to transform achievements with market-based consciousness all the time. Exploit country education market, study and develop the technique of transformation of agricultural science and technology achievements, and enhance specialization in the extension of agricultural science and technology are all the ways not only to encourage the development of agriculture, but also to realize our country’s economic flourish finally.

  On Education and Modernization in Rural Areas Li Zhibang 2003, 19 (1):  139-139.  Abstract + ( 1221 )   PDF ( 208180KB )   ( 574 ) This paper analyses the situation of rural education . The backward of rural education and low farmers’ cultural quality are the main restricted factors of rural economy development and rural modernization . The development of rural education is the foundation of rural modernization . Developing the rural education and improving farmers’ cultural quality are the very important means and ways of developing rural economy and promoting the course of rural modernization .

  Analysis on change and effect factors for rural income and consumption level Fujian Academy of Social Sciences Shan Yuli 2003, 19 (1):  142-142.  Abstract + ( 1492 )   PDF ( 241281KB )   ( 848 ) Phase change of rural income and consumption in China has reflected the development of rural economy objectively.To increase rural income is the general ways of promoting rural consumption level.Taking Fujian Province as an example, the paper analyzes the change and effect factors for rural income and consumption level and discusses the influential factors over rural income and consumption including rural reform,market construction, consumption environment, monetary income,etc,which offer evidences for countermeasure research to increase rural income and consumption level.

  Consideration and Suggestions on How to Improve Peasants Income In Yangling City Zhang June-jie Wei An-zhi Zhao Wu-jun 2003, 19 (1):  146-146.  Abstract + ( 1376 )   PDF ( 163656KB )   ( 573 ) Since Yangling is the national unique demonstration zone for agricultural high-tech industries in China, solving issue of peasants income increasing in Yangling city will set a good example of rural economy development and peasants income increasing for rural areas in Shaanxi Province as well as in the Northwest. According to the analysis of current situation, imparting factors and advantages of peasants income in Yangling city, ways and suggestions of accelerating peasants income is raised.

  The planting technology of special type () in QINLING Mountain XU Ke-huan ZHOU Min-hui ZHANG Xiao-liang YAN Jin-e Li zhang_xin 2003, 19 (1):  156-156.  Abstract + ( 1282 )   PDF ( 155025KB )   ( 562 ) contain many kinds of aminophenols and abundant alimentation, it has high value in medical care with special flavor. The frond contain saponin at 20.4%,2.5 times that of ginseng．It was pressed for wild resource and great demanding market home and broad．The planting technology research is carried on to solve scale production for the provision. It was reproduced with the tress, roots and seeds, which can be made outdoor and indoor, and scale production is permitted.