城市化发展对相对湿度的影响——以济宁市为例

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-2966

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了研究济宁城市化发展对相对湿度的影响，利用1981—2010年济宁及周边郊区3县（兖州、汶上、嘉祥）台站的相对湿度资料，研究分析了济宁城区、郊区的相对湿度变化趋势和特点。在此基础上，探讨了城市化发展对济宁城郊相对湿度的影响。研究发现：（1）济宁城区、郊区1981—2010年相对湿度有相同的年际变化趋势，均呈现减少趋势。其中，相对湿度在春季和秋季减幅最大，且郊区相对湿度的降低速度高于城区，意味着济宁城区和郊区正逐步暖干化。（2）近30年来，济宁市在年平均相对湿度上表现为明显的干岛现象，且呈上升趋势，在20世纪90年代较为突出，2000年以后城市干岛现象虽高于平均值，但呈现明显的下降趋势。（3）济宁城市干岛效应具有明显的月季变化特征和四季变化特征：即冬半年明显高于夏半年。四季干岛强度均有加强的趋势，春秋季节最强，夏季最弱，冬季居中，四季均表现为1991—2000年热岛强度较强，2000年以后热岛效应有所减缓，与年度变化一致。济宁在2时、8时、14时、20时4个时刻的年平均上都反映了干岛效应，2时的干岛强度最大，而在午后14时干岛强度是最小。

关键词: 评价, 评价

Abstract: In order to study the impact of urbanization on the Jining relative humidity, based on the relative humidity data collected from 1981 to 2010 of Jining City and its surrounding counties, including Yanzhou City, Wenshang County and Jiaxiang County, the author analyzed the variation tendency and characteristics of relative humidity of both the suburb and urban areas of Jining City. On the basis of this, the author investigated the influence of city development to relative humidity. The results showed that: (1) relative humidity of both suburb and urban areas of Jining City tended to reduce annually with similar feature. The largest reduction of relative humidity appeared in spring and autumn and reduction speed in suburb was higher than that in urban area, which meant suburb and urban areas of Jining City was now becoming warmer and drier. (2) Annual average relative humidity of Jining City in recent 30 years reflected typical dry island phenomenon and had upward trend, which was especially obvious in the 1990s. Although dry island phenomenon after the year 2000 was still higher than average, it decreased substantially. (3) Dry island phenomenon of Jining City beared distinctive features with different month and season: the second half of year was higher than the first half and it had the tendency to be stronger in all four seasons, strongest in spring and autumn, weakest in summer, while average in winter. Dry island phenomenon change in seasons went with change of years, strongest from 1991- 2000 and decreased after the year 2000. It was found: dry island phenomenon from yearly data on average at the time of 2:00, 8:00, 14:00 and 20:00, with its strongest at 2:00 and weakest at 14:00.

王晓默谷山青董宁. 城市化发展对相对湿度的影响——以济宁市为例[J]. 中国农学通报, 2014, 30(26): 242-247.

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