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中国农学通报 ›› 2016, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (3): 22-28.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb15080052

所属专题: 小麦 农业气象

• 农学 农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

四川干旱情况下灌水对土壤和小麦产量的影响

李邦发   

  1. 西南科技大学
  • 收稿日期:2015-08-10 修回日期:2015-10-09 接受日期:2015-10-23 出版日期:2016-01-29 发布日期:2016-01-29
  • 通讯作者: 李邦发
  • 基金资助:
    四川省小麦育种攻关“高产优质抗病小麦新品种选育”(SC-YZGG-0015);四川省教育厅重点项目“多抗广适小麦骨干材料的创制与选育”(12ZD-1103)

Effect of Irrigation on Soil and Wheat Yield in Sichuan Under Drought Condition

  • Received:2015-08-10 Revised:2015-10-09 Accepted:2015-10-23 Online:2016-01-29 Published:2016-01-29

摘要: 为减少粮食损失,探讨四川在干旱气候条件小麦有效节水栽培,通过在四川绵阳丘陵区设置田间试验,大田生产条件下,分析比较了完全依靠自然降水和人工浇灌以及进行1 次渗灌、2 次渗灌,小麦生长重要时期土壤物理特性的变化及小麦主要农艺性状和产量状况。结果表明:不同灌溉处理在小麦各生长阶段对土壤物理特性和小麦农艺性状影响不同。苗期和拔节期,不同处理间土壤紧实度、土壤容重、土壤含水量差异较小。开花期和成熟期,不同灌溉处理对土壤紧实度、土壤容重、土壤含水量以及小麦性状影响较大。在四川丘陵干旱和半干旱地区,对冬小麦在拔节期进行渗灌1 次为宜,此次灌溉比完全依靠自然降水每公顷增加小麦产量2113.46 kg,增产极显著。

关键词: 宅基地, 宅基地, 农民退出意愿, 影响因素, Logic回归分析

Abstract: In order to reduce the grain loss, the effective water saving cultivation of wheat in Sichuan under drought condition was studied. By conducting a field experiment in the hilly area in Mianyang, Sichuan, the author analyzed soil physical characteristics and wheat main agronomic characteristics and yield by three treatments including natural rainfall, artificial irrigation once and twice. The results showed that different irrigation treatments at different growth stages had different effects on soil physical characteristics and wheat agronomic characteristics. The difference of soil density, soil bulk density and soil water content among different treatments was small in wheat seedling and jointing stage, the effects of different treatments on soil density, soil bulk density, soil water content and wheat agronomic characteristics were great in flowering and maturity stages. In the hilly arid and semi-arid area, artificial irrigation once in jointing stage was the best treatment, which significantly increased winter wheat yield by 2113.46 kg/hm2 in comparing with the treatment of natural rainfall.

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