关键词: 粘质盐土, 粘质盐土, 水盐动态, 棉花, 饱和导水率, 物理性状

Abstract: To find out suitable sowing amount and nitrogen application level for high yield and good quality direct sowing rice, and identify the yield and quality under different sowing amounts and nitrogen application rates,‘Xindao 567’,‘Xindao 568’and‘Xinkedao 31’were used as experimental materials, five sowing amounts and three nitrogen application levels were set up respectively to study the effects on yield and quality of direct sowing rice. The results showed that under different sowing amounts, the yield of‘Xindao 567’ reached 9.78 t/hm2 under the sowing amount of 97.5 kg/hm2. The chalky grain rate and chalkiness decreased. The processing quality of rice was not significantly different among different sowing amounts. The yield of ‘Xindao 568 reached the highest of 9.58 t/hm2 under the sowing rate of 75 kg/hm2, which was significantly different or extremely and significantly different among different sowing amounts. Rice taste quality had no significant difference among treatments of these two varieties, but the overall performance of‘Xindao 567’was higher than that of‘Xindao 568’. In different nitrogen treatments, the yield of direct sowing rice increased first and then decreased with the increase of nitrogen level, and the maximum yield was under the treatment of 255 kg/hm2. The processing quality was little different among different nitrogen treatments, and the appearance quality was largely different. The chalkiness rate and chalkiness degree were low under no nitrogen treatment, and higher under nitrogen treatments. The results showed that the suitable sowing amount of different varieties could achieve synergy of high quality and yield, and the high yield could be obtained by suitable nitrogen level. But the appearance quality decreased with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer. Therefore, only nitrogen fertilizer regulation has certain limitation on the cooperative development of yield and quality of direct sowing rice.