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中国农学通报 ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (24): 59-68.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0757

• 林学·园艺·园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

模拟机械化修剪对妃子笑荔枝树体生长及坐果的影响

王静(), 郭栋梁, 吕新民, 黄欣欣, 韩冬梅, 李建光()   

  1. 广东省农业科学院果树研究所/农业农村部南亚热带果树生物学与遗传资源利用重点实验室/广东省热带亚热带果树研究重点实验室,广州 510640
  • 收稿日期:2022-09-05 修回日期:2022-12-24 出版日期:2023-08-25 发布日期:2023-08-23
  • 通讯作者: 李建光,男,1969年出生,浙江丽水人,研究员,本科,研究方向:荔枝龙眼栽培及育种。通信地址:510640 广东省广州市天河区大丰二街80号 广东省农业科学院果树研究所,Tel:020-38765541,E-mail:lijianguang@gdaas.cn
  • 作者简介:

    王静,女,1984年出生,山东泰安人,副研究员,博士,研究方向:荔枝龙眼栽培及种质资源评价。通信地址:510640 广东省广州市天河区大丰二街80号 广东省农业科学院果树研究所,Tel:020-38765541,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    广东省乡村振兴战略专项资金项目“荔枝产业农机农艺融合技术与装备研发”(403-2018-XMZC-0002-90); 广东省荔枝产业技术体系创新团队建设(2019KJ107)

Effects of Simulated Mechanical Pruning on Shoot Growth and Fruit Setting of Litchi cv. Feizixiao

WANG Jing(), GUO Dongliang, LV Xinmin, HUANG Xinxin, HAN Dongmei, LI Jianguang()   

  1. Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree Research, Guangzhou 510640
  • Received:2022-09-05 Revised:2022-12-24 Online:2023-08-25 Published:2023-08-23

摘要:

为探索‘妃子笑’荔枝合理的修剪强度和机械化修剪模式。以‘妃子笑’荔枝为材料,比较采果后不同修剪强度及4种模拟机械化修剪方式,包括南侧篱壁型、北侧篱壁型、东侧篱壁型和平头型修剪,对叶片和枝梢的生长以及坐果的影响。结果表明,不同强度平头型修剪处理的冠层内光合有效辐射和成熟叶片叶绿素含量存在显著差异,以修剪枝条直径在2.0~2.5 cm的中度修剪效果最好。中度平头型修剪处理的末次梢长度与粗度均显著高于篱壁型修剪处理;而中度东侧篱壁型修剪处理的末次梢和梢上成熟叶片的淀粉含量显著高于中度平头型修剪处理和对照,提高了产量。因此,中等强度的平头型和东侧篱壁型修剪能显著提高枝梢质量及产量,是适宜‘妃子笑’荔枝的机械化修剪模式。

关键词: ‘妃子笑’荔枝, 模拟机械修剪, 叶片光合, 枝梢生长, 产量

Abstract:

To explore the optimal pruning intensity and mechanized pruning mode of ‘Feizixiao’ litchi, ‘Feizixiao’ litchi was used as the material, the effects of pruning intensities and four simulated mechanized pruning methods on the growth of shoots and fruit settings were compared. The four mechanized pruning methods were hedging southern side of canopy (HSP), hedging northern side of canopy (HNP), hedging eastern side of canopy (HEP) and topping the canopy (TP). The results showed that the photosynthetic effective radiation in the canopy and chlorophyll content of mature leaves on the shoots differed significantly among pruning intensities, and the effect of middle TP pruning with branch diameter of 2.0-2.5 cm was the best. The middle TP treatment significantly increased the length and diameter of last shoots compared with the middle hedging pruning. But the middle HEP had the highest starch content of last shoots and their leaves, which improved the yield. In conclusion, middle TP and HEP pruning after fruit picking can significantly improve the shoot quality and yield of ‘Feizixiao’ litchi; they are appropriate mechanized pruning intensity and pruning method for ‘Feizixiao’ litchi.

Key words: ‘Feizixiao’ litchi, simulated mechanical pruning, photosynthesis, shoot growth, yield