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中国农学通报 ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (30): 87-93.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0897

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤 • 上一篇    下一篇

秸秆还田对土壤生态及农作物生长发育影响的研究进展

高俊1,2(), 汪慧泉1,2, 顾东祥2, 张斯梅2, 张传辉2(), 顾克军2()   

  1. 1 江苏大学环境与安全工程学院,江苏镇江 212013
    2 江苏省农业科学院,南京 210014
  • 收稿日期:2022-10-27 修回日期:2023-01-13 出版日期:2023-10-25 发布日期:2023-10-19
  • 通讯作者: 张传辉,男,1982年出生,河南杞县人,副研究员,研究方向:稻麦节本抗逆与精准优质栽培。通信地址:210014 江苏省南京市钟灵街50号 江苏省农业科学院粮食作物研究所,E-mail:zhninjai@hotmail.com。顾克军,男,1972年出生,江苏建湖人,研究员,研究方向:作物秸秆还田利用与稻茬小麦高效耕播农机农艺融合。通信地址:210014 江苏省南京市钟灵街50号 江苏省农业科学院粮食作物研究所,E-mail:gkjjaas@163.com。
  • 作者简介:

    高俊,男,1997年出生,四川眉山人,硕士研究生,研究方向:稻麦秸秆还田与土壤微生态。通信地址:210014 江苏省南京市钟灵街50号 江苏省农业科学院粮食作物研究所,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    江苏省重点研发项目“稻麦周年绿色高效生产技术集成与示范”(BE2019377); 江苏省重点研发项目“稻麦周年绿色高效生产技术集成与示范”(1002)

Effects of Straw Returning on Soil Ecology and Crop Growth and Development

GAO Jun1,2(), WANG Huiquan1,2, GU Dongxiang2, ZHANG Simei2, ZHANG Chuanhui2(), GU Kejun2()   

  1. 1 School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013
    2 Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014
  • Received:2022-10-27 Revised:2023-01-13 Published-:2023-10-25 Online:2023-10-19

摘要:

作物秸秆含有丰富的养分,具有较高的利用价值。秸秆还田作为秸秆资源化利用中高效且低成本的一种方式,在提升土壤质量和促进农业可持续发展方面发挥着重要作用。本文重点综述了秸秆还田对土壤温湿度、土壤理化性质、土壤酶活性、作物根系、作物地上部等的影响,分析了秸秆还田的影响机制,指出了秸秆还田后对作物生长产生的负面影响。在此基础上指明了未来的一些重点研究方向,如建立秸秆还田最优模型、加强秸秆还田的障碍消减研究、开发稻麦秸秆还田新型一次性施用专用肥。

关键词: 秸秆还田, 土壤生态, 品质, 产量

Abstract:

Crop straw is rich in nutrients and has high utilization value. As an efficient and low-cost way to utilize straw resources, straw returning plays a crucial role in maintaining soil fertility cycle and sustainable agricultural development. In this paper, the effects of straw returning on soil temperature and humidity, soil physical and chemical properties, soil enzyme activity, crop root system and crop above ground were reviewed, the mechanism of the effects of straw returning was analyzed, and the negative effects of straw returning on crop growth pointed out. Based on this, some key research directions in the future were put forward, such as establishing an optimization model for straw returning, strengthening the research on reducing obstacles of straw returning, and developing new disposable special fertilizers for rice and wheat straw returning.

Key words: straw returning, soil ecology, quality, yield