节水灌溉条件下小麦新品种‘石麦34’的抗倒性和品质分析

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0546

中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (15): 1-6.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0546

• 农学·农业基础科学 • 下一篇

节水灌溉条件下小麦新品种‘石麦34’的抗倒性和品质分析

赵彦坤(), 李彩华, 班进福, 李占坤, 单子龙, 曹巧, 王秀堂, 高新梅, 傅晓艺, 何明琦, 马龙, 高振贤

石家庄市农林科学研究院小麦研究中心，石家庄 050800

收稿日期:2024-08-28 修回日期:2024-12-15 出版日期:2025-05-25 发布日期:2025-05-29
通讯作者:
高振贤，女，1976年出生，河北石家庄人，研究员，博士，主要从事小麦遗传育种与栽培研究。通信地址：050800 河北省石家庄市正定新区商务中心东门C区，石家庄市农林科学研究院，Tel：0311-86320900，E-mail： zhenxiangao@163.com。
作者简介:
赵彦坤，女，1982年出生，河北石家庄人，副研究员，博士，研究方向：小麦遗传育种。通信地址：050800 河北省石家庄市正定新区商务中心东门C区，石家庄市农林科学研究院，Tel：0311-86320900，E-mail：kun262004@163.com。
基金资助:
科技创新2030—重大项目“节水抗旱高产小麦新品种设计与培育”(2023ZD0402602); 现代农业小麦产业技术体系“抗逆材料创新”(CARS-03); 河北省现代农业产业技术体系小麦产业创新团队“节水品种筛选与评价”(HBCT2023010206); 河北现代种业科技创新团队“节水高产小麦新品种培育”(21326318D-1)

Analysis of Lodging Resistance and Quality of A New Wheat Variety ‘Shimai 34’ Under Water-saving Irrigation Conditions

ZHAO Yankun(), LI Caihua, BAN Jinfu, LI Zhankun, SHAN Zilong, CAO Qiao, WANG Xiutang, GAO Xinmei, FU Xiaoyi, HE Mingqi, MA Long, GAO Zhenxian

Wheat Research Center of Shijiazhuang Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050800

Received:2024-08-28 Revised:2024-12-15 Published:2025-05-25 Online:2025-05-29

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为缓解河北省冀中南水资源匮乏问题，鉴定适合本麦区节水灌溉条件下高产稳产的小麦品种，以2023年国审小麦新品种‘石麦34’和河北省节水对照品种‘石麦22’为试验材料，在全生育期灌1水条件下，通过测定产量、茎秆形态学指标、茎秆强度和品质相关参数，对‘石麦34’的各个指标进行综合性评价。结果显示，‘石麦34’产量显著高于‘石麦22’，增产幅度达7.05%，‘石麦34’的株高和重心高度分别比‘石麦22’低10.17%和14.78%，基部第二节长度较‘石麦22’短21.39%、直径长15.84%。‘石麦34’的茎秆强度、穿刺茎秆强度、充实度和抗倒指数分别较‘石麦22’高54.95%、18.10%、21.34%和81.98%。进一步品质检测发现，‘石麦34’籽粒硬度、湿面筋和干面筋含量显著优于‘石麦22’。综合以上数据，‘石麦34’在节水灌溉条件下比节水对照品种‘石麦22’具备更优异的丰产性、抗倒性和品质，可以作为河北节水灌溉栽培模式下的小麦主栽品种。研究旨在为‘石麦34’在生产上大面积推广应用提供技术支撑。

关键词: 节水灌溉, 小麦, ‘石麦34’, 丰产性, 抗倒性, 茎秆强度, 品质指标, 河北省

Abstract:

In order to alleviate the problem of water resource shortage in central and southern Hebei Province, we identified high and stable yield wheat varieties suitable for water-saving irrigation conditions in this wheat region. In this experiment, the 2023 national approved new wheat variety ‘Shimai 34’ and the water-saving control variety ‘Shimai 22’ in Hebei Province were used as experimental materials. Under the condition of one irrigation at jointing stage throughout the whole growth period, comprehensive evaluation of various indicators of ‘Shimai 34’ was conducted by measuring yield, stem morphology indicators, stem strength, and quality related parameters. The results showed that the yield of ‘Shimai 34’ was significantly higher than that of ‘Shimai 22’, with an increase of 7.05%. Morphological analysis showed that the plant height and center of gravity height of ‘Shimai 34’ were 10.17% and 14.78% lower than those of ‘Shimai 22’, respectively. The length of the second internode at the base was 21.39% shorter and the diameter was 15.84% longer than those of ‘Shimai 22’. The stem strength, puncture stem strength, plumpness, and lodging resistance index of ‘Shimai 34’ were 54.95%, 18.10%, 21.34%, and 81.98% higher than those of ‘Shimai 22’, respectively. Further quality testing revealed that the grain hardness, wet gluten, and dry gluten content of ‘Shimai 34’ were superior to those of ‘Shimai 22’. Based on the above data, ‘Shimai 34’ shows better high yield, lodging resistance, and quality than the water-saving control variety ‘Shimai 22’ under water-saving irrigation conditions. ‘Shimai 34’ is expected to become the main wheat variety under the water-saving irrigation in Hebei Province.

Key words: water-saving irrigation, wheat, ‘Shimai 34’, high-yield, lodging resistant, stem strength, quality related parameters, Hebei Province

赵彦坤, 李彩华, 班进福, 李占坤, 单子龙, 曹巧, 王秀堂, 高新梅, 傅晓艺, 何明琦, 马龙, 高振贤. 节水灌溉条件下小麦新品种‘石麦34’的抗倒性和品质分析[J]. 中国农学通报, 2025, 41(15): 1-6.

ZHAO Yankun, LI Caihua, BAN Jinfu, LI Zhankun, SHAN Zilong, CAO Qiao, WANG Xiutang, GAO Xinmei, FU Xiaoyi, HE Mingqi, MA Long, GAO Zhenxian. Analysis of Lodging Resistance and Quality of A New Wheat Variety ‘Shimai 34’ Under Water-saving Irrigation Conditions[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2025, 41(15): 1-6.

图/表 5

参考文献 25

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品种	产量/(t/hm²)	千粒重/g	穗粒数/粒	有效穗数/(万穗/hm²)
石麦22	9582.00 b	40.63 a	27.58b	814.00a
石麦34	10258.00 a	39.11 a	34.75a	664.40b

品种	产量/(t/hm²)	千粒重/g	穗粒数/粒	有效穗数/(万穗/hm²)
石麦22	9582.00 b	40.63 a	27.58b	814.00a
石麦34	10258.00 a	39.11 a	34.75a	664.40b

品种	株高/cm	重心高度/cm	基部第二节
品种	株高/cm	重心高度/cm	节长/cm	壁厚/mm	直径/mm
石麦22	87.50 a	53.25 a	11.22 a	0.49 a	4.23 b
石麦34	78.60 b	45.38 b	8.82 b	0.51 a	4.90 a

品种	株高/cm	重心高度/cm	基部第二节
品种	株高/cm	重心高度/cm	节长/cm	壁厚/mm	直径/mm
石麦22	87.50 a	53.25 a	11.22 a	0.49 a	4.23 b
石麦34	78.60 b	45.38 b	8.82 b	0.51 a	4.90 a

品种	茎秆强度/N	穿刺茎秆强度/N	干重/g	充实度/(mg/cm)	抗到指数/(N/m)
石麦22	3.676 b	76.380 b	0.203 a	18.073 b	6.897 b
石麦34	5.696 a	90.207 a	0.193 a	21.929 a	12.551 a

节水灌溉条件下小麦新品种‘石麦34’的抗倒性和品质分析

Analysis of Lodging Resistance and Quality of A New Wheat Variety ‘Shimai 34’ Under Water-saving Irrigation Conditions

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品种	容重/(g/L)	硬度	蛋白含量/%	湿面筋含量/%	面筋指数/%	干面筋含量/%
石麦22	812.61 a	61.31 b	14.20 a	19.32 b	4.81 a	7.09 b
石麦34	809.78 a	68.71 a	13.53 a	26.39 a	5.95 a	9.52 a

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