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中国农学通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (12): 127-135.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0929

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

洪山菜薹区域性品质差异及关键气象因子响应特征分析

张芳丽1(), 陈鑫1(), 张润花2, 孟翠丽1, 刘可群3, 龚琳鑫1, 黄兴学2, 周国林2, 李艺阳2   

  1. 1 武汉农业气象试验站, 武汉 430040
    2 武汉市农业科学院蔬菜研究所, 武汉 430065
    3 湖北省气候中心, 武汉 430074
  • 收稿日期:2025-11-11 修回日期:2026-03-28 出版日期:2026-06-25 发布日期:2026-06-23
  • 通讯作者:
    陈鑫,男,1987年出生,湖北人,高级工程师,硕士,主要从事蔬菜栽培与生理研究。通信地址:430040 湖北省武汉市东西湖区金银湖街柏环一路11号 武汉农业气象试验站,E-mail:
  • 作者简介:

    张芳丽,女,1995年出生,河南周口人,工程师,硕士,研究方向:环境调控与蔬菜栽培。通信地址:430040 湖北省武汉市东西湖区金银湖街柏环一路11号 武汉农业气象试验站,Tel:027-83214214,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    湖北省支持种业高质量发展资金项目“特色菜薹优质多抗新品种培育与推广”(HBZY2023B004-4); 武汉市科创局气象科技联合项目“气候因子对洪山菜薹生长发育调控机制研究”(2024020901030457); 武汉城市圈气象联合科技创新基金重点项目“气象条件对洪山菜薹品质的影响研究”(WHCSQZ202309)

Regional Quality Differences of Hongshan Vegetable Shoots and Response Characteristics of Key Meteorological Factors

ZHANG Fangli1(), CHEN Xin1(), ZHANG Runhua2, MENG Cuili1, LIU Kequn3, GONG Linxin1, HUANG Xingxue2, ZHOU Guolin2, LI Yiyang2   

  1. 1 Wuhan Agricultural Meteorological Test Station, Wuhan 430040
    2 Vegetable Research Institute, Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430065
    3 Hubei Climate Center, Wuhan 430074
  • Received:2025-11-11 Revised:2026-03-28 Published:2026-06-25 Online:2026-06-23

摘要:

为探明武汉市不同种植区洪山菜薹的品质差异及影响品质指标的关键气象因子,本研究于2022年12月—2023年2月分3个批次采摘6个种植区的洪山菜薹,监测各种植区主要气候因子,并测定其还原性糖、类黄酮、总酚、花青素等品质指标含量,探究洪山菜薹品质要素对气候因子的响应规律。结果表明,不同种植区洪山菜薹品质存在显著性差异,其中,还原性糖的稳定系数最好,花青素的稳定系数最差。影响还原性糖含量、类黄酮和总酚含量、花青素含量的关键气象因子分别为TMIN_15、TMAX_10和TMAX_15。在高于冻害温度下,采收前15 d日最低气温越低,洪山菜薹的还原性糖含量越高。采收前10 d日最高气温越高,类黄酮含量与总酚含量含量越高。影响花青素含量的因子较多,采收前15 d日最高气温越高或日最低气温越低,越有利于洪山菜薹花青素含量积累。综上,采收前10~15 d为洪山菜薹品质提升的关键窗口期,该时段天气晴好,日最高气温高,日最低气温低,气温日较差大,有利于洪山菜薹还原性糖含量、类黄酮含量、总酚含量、花青素含量积累。本研究结果可为洪山菜薹的合理规划种植、采收以及品质提升提供重要的科学指导。

关键词: 洪山菜薹, 气象因子, 品质, 响应规律

Abstract:

To explore the quality differences and key meteorological factors affecting the quality indexes of Hongshan vegetable shoots (Brassica rapa ssp. chinensis var. purpuraria) in different planting areas in Wuhan, Hongshan vegetable shoots were harvested in 3 batches from 6 different planting areas from December 2022 to February 2023, and the main meteorological factors, reducing sugars, flavonoids, total phenols and anthocyanins in each planting area were determined, and the response of quality indicators of vegetable shoots to meteorological factors were analyzed. The results showed that there were significant differences in the quality of Hongshan vegetable shoots in different planting areas; reducing sugars exhibited the best stability coefficient, while anthocyanins showed the poorest; the key meteorological factors influencing the content of reducing sugars, flavonoids, total phenols, and anthocyanins were TMIN_15 (minimum temperature 15 days before harvest), TMAX_10 (maximum temperature 10 days before harvest), and TMAX_15 (maximum temperature 15 days before harvest), respectively; the lower the daily minimum temperature 15 days before harvest, the higher the reducing sugar content of Hongshan vegetable shoots; the higher the maximum temperature 10 days before harvest, the higher the content of flavonoids and total phenols; the higher the daily maximum temperature or the lower the daily minimum temperature 10 days before harvest, the more conducive to the accumulation of anthocyanins content in Hongshan vegetable shoots. In conclusion, the period of 10-15 days before harvest is the critical window for quality enhancement. Sunny weather during this period, characterized by high daily maximum temperatures, low daily minimum temperatures, and a large diurnal temperature range, is conducive to the accumulation of reducing sugars, flavonoids, total phenols, and anthocyanins in Hongshan vegetable shoots. The results of this study can provide important scientific guidance for the rational planning, harvesting and quality improvement of Hongshan vegetable shoots.

Key words: Hongshan vegetable shoots, meteorological factors, quality, law of response

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