Abstract: Analyzing the impact of grain subsidy policies on rice farmers’ productive enthusiasm through studying 199 rice farmer samples from Zhejiang province, Anhui province and Jiangxi province. The conclusion is that grain subsidy has a positive effect on rice farmers’ productive enthusiasm, and bigger rice households have more productive enthusiasm. The paper reestablishes the theoretical model of farmer’ planting behavior, and concludes that farmers’ off-farm work has a positive effect on their rice planting production.