Effect of Two Microbial Agents on Nitrogen Dynamic Change in High-Temperature Flower and Vegetable Straw Compost

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16030152

Abstract

Abstract: The aims were to find the simple and effective utilizing methods of flower and vegetable straw, and reduce the non-point source pollution in Dianchi Valley. Through the compost experiment, after inoculation of microbial agents Nongguan and Weiyuan, the change rules of temperature, total-N, water-soluble NH₄-N, water-soluble NO₃^--N followed with time in high temperature compost were studied with two ways of turning and non-turning. The results showed that the three treatments of non-turning were anaerobic fermentation, the low fermentation rate was harder to maturity in the short time because of the anaerobic fermentation condition. In the process of turning, the control samples had a slow temperature rise process, the pyrolysis stage was short, the T-N took a toll and the quality of compost was poor. Compared with the control samples, after adding the microbial agents Nongguan, the test samples entered the pyrolysis stage 3 days in advance and the high temperature decomposing duration extended 4 days, the content of T-N decreased by 10.9%, water-soluble NH₄-N decreased by 24.7%, water-soluble NO₃^--N increased by 14.0%. Compared with the control samples, after adding the microbial agents Weiyuan, the test samples entered the pyrolysis stage 5 days in advance and the high temperature decomposing duration extended 6 days, the content of T-N decreased by 24.1%, water-soluble NH₄-N decreased by 29.3%, water-soluble NO₃^--N increased by 24.2%. The inoculation of microbial agents could promote the transformation of water-soluble NH₄-N to water-soluble NO₃^--N, reduce the density of the compost. Comparing the two microbial agents, Weiyuan had higher quality organic fertilizer than Nongguan. The inoculation of microbial agents in the process of turning could accelerate the vegetable and flower straw composting process, improve the quality of composting products, the method was simple and easy, and suitable to be popularized in Dianchi Valley.

CLC Number:

Xu Chunyu,Zhang Shiying,Xia Yunsheng,Pan Liyuan,Duan Hongping and Zhang Naiming. Effect of Two Microbial Agents on Nitrogen Dynamic Change in High-Temperature Flower and Vegetable Straw Compost[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2016, 32(24): 136-140.

References

[1] 李温雯,焦一之,关轶,等.滇池流域水土流失造成的农业面源污染及治理对策[J].安徽农业科学,2009,37(26):12679-12680,12694.
[2] 傅志兴,杨静,湛方栋,等.玉米与蔬菜间作削减农田径流污染的分析[J].环境科学研究,2011,11:1269-1275.
[3] 徐旌,张军,刘燕,等.基于RS,GIS的滇池流域水土流失变化研究[J].水土保持学报,2004,02:80-83.
[4] 张燕,李永梅,张怀志,等.滇池流域农田径流磷素流失的土壤影响因子[J].水土保持学报,2011,25(4):41-45.
[5] 段永蕙,张乃明.滇池流域农村面源污染状况分析[J].环境保护,2003,07:28-30.
[6] 崔健,马友华,赵艳萍,等.农业面源污染的特性及防治对策[J].中国农学通报,2006,01:335-340.
[7] 官会林,张云峰,张无敌,等.滇池农田废弃物生物处理及资源化利用研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2006,25(增刊):625-628.
[8] 刘蜀治,李济纬,曹超,等.滇池流域农村固体废物资源化和无害化处理对策研究 [J].云南环境科学,2006,25(增刊):156-158.
[9] 张敏.云南食用玫瑰年产值3000万种植面积超5000亩[EB/OL]. http:// news.163.com/12/0511/09/817EAQJ40001 4AEE.Html.
[10] 徐继先,戴丽,杨志新,等.滇池流域农业废弃物资源化利用研究[J].环境科学导刊,2009,28(6):79-82.
[11] 王磊,张乃明,杨育华,等.滇池流域花卉废弃物对湖泊水质影响的模拟研究[J].环境科学导刊,2010,29(4):42-42.
[12] 程研,张乃明.花卉蔬菜秸秆对水环境影响的模拟研究[J].中国农学通报,2015,31(6):167-171.
[13] 杨牧源.云南花卉:废秸秆的利用[EB/OL]. http://nc.mofcom.gov.cn/articlesc/sc/zfal/2012.06/18304749_1.html.
[14] 鲍士旦.土壤农化分析(第三版)[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2000.
[15] Epstein E. TheScience of Composting[M].ATechnomic Publishin Company Pennsyvania.U.S.A,1997.
[16] Bach P D, Shoda M, Kubta H. Rate of composting of dewatered sewage sludge in continuosLy mixed isothermal reactor[J].Journal of Fermentation Technology,1984,62:285-292.
[17] GB7959-87,粪便无害化卫生标准[S].
[18] 李季,彭生平.堆肥工程实用手册[M].北京:化学工业出版社.
[19] 李国学,福锁.固体废弃物堆肥化与有机复混肥生产[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2000.
[20] 房敏,黄涣忠,黄铭洪.评价固体废弃物堆肥的腐熟和稳定的研究[J].上海环境科学,1999,18(2):22-26.
[21] 李国学,李玉春,李彦富,等.固体废弃物堆肥化及堆肥添加剂研究进展[J].农业环境科学学报,2003,22(2):252-256.
[22] 边炳鑫,赵由才.农业固体废弃物的处理与综合利用[M].北京:科学出版社,2005:122-123.
[23] 徐智,李少明,汤利,等.两种微生物菌剂对西番莲果渣高温堆肥腐熟进程的影响[J].应用生态学报,2007,18(6):1270-1274.
[24] 李少明,邓文祥,陈戍卫,等.废烟末高温堆肥中氮变化研究[J].云南农业大学学报,2008,23(1):109-112.
[25] Liang D L, Gu J, Qin Q J, et al. Cellulase activities of agricultural waste materials during static composting at high temperature[J].Acta Scintiae Circumstantiae,2009,29(2):323-329.
[26] 徐智,毛昆明,汤利,等.微生物菌剂福贝对西番莲果渣高温堆肥过程中氮变化的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2006(25):621-624.