CRISPR/Cas9 System and Its Research Progress in Grain and Oil Crop Genetic Improvement

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2020-0728

Abstract

Abstract:

CRISPR is a kind of natural immune system, which is produced by bacteria or archaea through nucleic acid specific recognition and cas9 protease cleavage, when viruses invade the bacteria or archaea. The genome editing technology based on CRISPR/cas9 system could realize the targeted editing of target genes through sgRNA mediation and cas9 protein cutting. Because of its simple operation, high editing efficiency and wide application range, the technology has rapidly become an important means to study the gene functions of plants, animals and microorganisms. At the same time, with the wide establishment of the large number of genomic information and corresponding databases, CRISPR/Cas9 technology has become a new and very effective way to promote genetic improvement and create special germplasm by using reverse genetics and bio-information technology. In this paper, the basic principle of CRISPR/Cas system, the mechanism of CRISPR/cas9 gene editing technology, the genetic improvement and variety breeding progress of grain and oil crops by using the technology were reviewed. The study could provide effective references for genetic improvement and variety optimization.

Key words: CRISPR/cas9, genomic sequencing, gene editing, grain and oil crop, genetic improvement, research progress

CLC Number:

Gao Zhongkui, Jiang Jing, Han Zhuqiang, Huang Zhipeng, Xiong Faqian, Tang Xiumei, Wu Haining, Zhong Ruichun, Liu Jing, Tang Ronghua, He Liangqiong. CRISPR/Cas9 System and Its Research Progress in Grain and Oil Crop Genetic Improvement[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2021, 37(20): 26-34.

Figures/Tables 4

References 56

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靶基因	启动子	结果		文献及年份
靶基因	启动子	突变率	突变材料类型	文献及年份
ROC5, SPP, YSA	OsU6-2	4.8%~84%	纯合或双等位基因突变植株	Feng et al., 2013
CAO1, LAZY1	OsU3	83.3%~91.6%	纯合突变植株	Miao et al., 2013
OsPDS, OsPMS3, OsEPSPS,OsDERF1, OsMSH1, OsMYB5, OsMYB1, OsROC5, OsSPP, OsYSA	OsU6-2, OsU6	21.1%~66.7%	纯合突变植株	Zhang et al., 2014
DEP1, EP3, Gn1a, GS3,GW2, LPA1, BADH2, Hd1	OsU3	50.0%~100.0%	纯合突变植株	沈兰等,2017b
OsDTH11	OsU3	11.8%	纯合突变植株	王子璇等,2019
Hd2, Hd4, Hd5, Bath2	U3, U6	70%	目标株系	周文甲,2017
Badh2	U6	37.5%	目标株系	邵高能等,2018
GS3, Gn1a	OsU3	68.97%~93.3%	目标株系	沈兰等,2017a
TMS5	--	60%	目标株系	吴明基等,2018
Wx	U6	64.3%	目标株系	冯璇等,2018
Wx	U6	91.1%	目标株系	范美英等,2019
Pita, Pi21, ERF922	U3	75%~85%	目标株系	徐鹏等,2019
OsCDC48-T, OsEPSPS-T, OsLDMAR, OsDEP, OsALS-T	Ubi-1	21.8%	突变体植株	Lin etal, 2020

靶基因	启动子	结果		文献及年份
靶基因	启动子	突变率	突变材料类型	文献及年份
ROC5, SPP, YSA	OsU6-2	4.8%~84%	纯合或双等位基因突变植株	Feng et al., 2013
CAO1, LAZY1	OsU3	83.3%~91.6%	纯合突变植株	Miao et al., 2013
OsPDS, OsPMS3, OsEPSPS,OsDERF1, OsMSH1, OsMYB5, OsMYB1, OsROC5, OsSPP, OsYSA	OsU6-2, OsU6	21.1%~66.7%	纯合突变植株	Zhang et al., 2014
DEP1, EP3, Gn1a, GS3,GW2, LPA1, BADH2, Hd1	OsU3	50.0%~100.0%	纯合突变植株	沈兰等,2017b
OsDTH11	OsU3	11.8%	纯合突变植株	王子璇等,2019
Hd2, Hd4, Hd5, Bath2	U3, U6	70%	目标株系	周文甲,2017
Badh2	U6	37.5%	目标株系	邵高能等,2018
GS3, Gn1a	OsU3	68.97%~93.3%	目标株系	沈兰等,2017a
TMS5	--	60%	目标株系	吴明基等,2018
Wx	U6	64.3%	目标株系	冯璇等,2018
Wx	U6	91.1%	目标株系	范美英等,2019
Pita, Pi21, ERF922	U3	75%~85%	目标株系	徐鹏等,2019
OsCDC48-T, OsEPSPS-T, OsLDMAR, OsDEP, OsALS-T	Ubi-1	21.8%	突变体植株	Lin etal, 2020

物种	靶基因	启动子	结果		文献及年份
物种	靶基因	启动子	突变率	突变材料类型	文献及年份
小麦	TaGASR7、TaDEP1	TaU6	26.0%~26.5%	突变体植株	Shan et al., 2013
	TaMLO	TaU6	--	突变体植株	王延鹏,等,2014
	TaGASR7	TaU6	1.5%~5.0%	突变体植株	Zhang et al., 2016
	EDR1	U3, U6	--	突变体植株	Zhang et al., 2017
	TaMLO	TaU3	1.6%	突变体植株	杜丽君,2018
	TaGW2, TaGASR7	TaU6	21.8%~33.4%	突变体株系	Liang et al., 2017, 2018
	OsCDC48-T, OsEPSPS-T, OsLDMAR, OsDEP, OsALS-T	Ubi-1	2.6%~21.8%	未获得突变体植株	Lin et al, 2020
玉米	ZmIPK	ZmU3	13.1%	未获得突变体植株	Liang et al., 2014
	ALS2	ZmU6	--	突变体植株	Svitashev et al., 2015, 2016
	Zmzb7	ZmU3	19%~31%	突变体植株	Feng et al., 2016
	ZmAgo18a, Zm-Ago18b, Zm-Ago a1, a4	U6	70%~74%	突变体植株	Char et al., 2017
	LG₁	ZmU6	51.5%~91.2%	突变体植株	Li et al., 2017
	MS8	U6	22.78%	突变体植株	Chen et al., 2018

物种	靶基因	启动子	结果		文献及年份
物种	靶基因	启动子	突变率	突变材料类型	文献及年份
小麦	TaGASR7、TaDEP1	TaU6	26.0%~26.5%	突变体植株	Shan et al., 2013
	TaMLO	TaU6	--	突变体植株	王延鹏,等,2014
	TaGASR7	TaU6	1.5%~5.0%	突变体植株	Zhang et al., 2016
	EDR1	U3, U6	--	突变体植株	Zhang et al., 2017
	TaMLO	TaU3	1.6%	突变体植株	杜丽君,2018
	TaGW2, TaGASR7	TaU6	21.8%~33.4%	突变体株系	Liang et al., 2017, 2018
	OsCDC48-T, OsEPSPS-T, OsLDMAR, OsDEP, OsALS-T	Ubi-1	2.6%~21.8%	未获得突变体植株	Lin et al, 2020
玉米	ZmIPK	ZmU3	13.1%	未获得突变体植株	Liang et al., 2014
	ALS2	ZmU6	--	突变体植株	Svitashev et al., 2015, 2016
	Zmzb7	ZmU3	19%~31%	突变体植株	Feng et al., 2016
	ZmAgo18a, Zm-Ago18b, Zm-Ago a1, a4	U6	70%~74%	突变体植株	Char et al., 2017
	LG₁	ZmU6	51.5%~91.2%	突变体植株	Li et al., 2017
	MS8	U6	22.78%	突变体植株	Chen et al., 2018

物种	靶基因	启动子	结果		文献及年份
物种	靶基因	启动子	突变率	突变材料类型	文献及年份
大豆	GmFEI2, GmSHR	AtU6	1.3%~21.0%	未获得突变体植株	Cai et al., 2015
	Gm06g14180,Gm08g02290,Gm12g37050	AtU6, GmU6	3.2%~20.2%	未获得突变体植株	Sun et al., 2015
	DD20, DD43	GmU6	59%~76%	未获得突变体植株	Li et al., 2015
	GmFT2a-SP1 GmFT2a-SP2 GmFT2a-SP2	AtU6	48%,53%,37%	突变体植株	Cai et al, 2018
	FAD2-1A	AtU3,AtU6	--	纯合突变体植株	候智红等,2019
	GmSPL3	AtU3	28.6%	纯合突变体植株	吴艳等,2019
	GmSPL3	GmU6	--	纯合突变体植株	柏梦焱等,2019
油菜	BnCLV	AtU3,AtU6	0%~48.5%	突变体植株	Yang et al., 2017
	BnWRKY11,BnWRKY70	AtU3,AtU6	50%~54.5%	突变体植株	Sun et al., 2018
	BnIND, BnALC	AtU3,AtU6	80.5%~76.6%	纯合突变体植株	Zhai et al., 2019
花生	FAD2	AtU6	21%~44%	未获得突变体植株	Yuan et al., 2019