Abstract:

To study the response of the photosynthetic characteristics, yield and quality of varieties (standard type, high yield type and high sugar type) of sugar beet under different irrigation quotas, seven drip irrigation treatments were designed in sugar beet growth period to discuss the response of different treatments by measuring growth, photosynthetic characteristics, production quality and the irrigation efficiency of standard, high-yield and high-sugar beet varieties in Northeast China. The results showed that different irrigation quotas had different effects on the growth indexes, photosynthetic parameters, yield and quality of the beet varieties. The favorable irrigation quota to the growth traits of standard and high-sugar beet varieties was 320~360 m ³/ha, and the optimal response of the chlorophyll content of the three beet varieties to the irrigation quota was 300~320 m ³/ha. The increase of irrigation amount was not conducive to photosynthesis of standard type beet, while had a significant impact on leaf transpiration rate during the rapid growth period of leaf clusters of high-sugar and high-yield beet varieties, and the photosynthetic efficiency was better under 320 m ³/ha irrigation amount. With the increase of the irrigation amount, the root yield of standard beet varieties increased. When the irrigation amount reached 320 m ³/ha, the root yield of high-yield beet varieties did not increase, but remained stable and the sugar content of high-sugar beet varieties decreased. The water use efficiency of leaves was higher in the early growth period than in the late growth period, and increasing the irrigation amount did not improve the production efficiency of the varieties. Thus, to optimize the irrigation system of beet varieties in the study area can promote the growth, the yield and the quality of sugar beet, and provide a basis for establishing the beet irrigation model.

Key words: sugar beet, irrigation, root yield, photosynthetic characteristics, irrigation efficiency