Identification and Difference Analysis of Volatile Odorants of Pear and Oilseed Rape Flowers

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0174

Abstract

Abstract:

The paper aims to decipher the role of volatile odorants of flowers in attracting foraging of pollinators. Solid phase microextraction (SPME) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) were used to detect the components of volatile odorants in the whole flower, anther and nectar of pear and oilseed rape flowers, principal component analysis and correlation analysis of insects foraging were also conducted. 9 and 23 volatile odorants of pear and oilseed rape flowers were identified respectively, alkanes, accounting for 44.44%, was the main volatile odorant of pear flowers, odor contributions of pear flowers mainly were from dimethyl sulfide, tetradecycloheptachiloxane, phenylpropionitrile, benzaldehyde and other compounds studied by principal component analysis. Esters and alkanes accounted for 8.7% and 16.09% respectively, which were the main volatile odorants of oilseed rape flowers, odor contributions of oilseed rape flowers mainly were from compounds such as reverse 2-hexenal, isothiocyanate-2-phenyl ethyl ester, 4-isothiocyanate root-1-butene, dimethyl disulfide, dimethyl disulfide and other compounds studied by principal component analysis. Anthers had more volatile odorants than nectar. There were 4 orders, 10 families and 11 species of pollinators in the test site, and the number of pollinators between pear and oilseed rape also had a significant difference (P<0.05). However, there was no significant correlation between each component and the number of pollinators (P>0.05). Significant differences are identified between the constituents of volatile odorants of pear and rapeseed flowers, laying a foundation for further studies on the role of major contributors of odorants in attracting pollinators.

Key words: pear, oilseed rape, volatile odorants, solid phase microextraction, pollinators, principle component analysis

CLC Number:

S897+.1

Guo Yuan, Guo Baobei, Zhang Xufeng, Wang Bingxia, Wu Wenqing, Song Huailei, Zheng Yonghui. Identification and Difference Analysis of Volatile Odorants of Pear and Oilseed Rape Flowers[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2021, 37(34): 71-76.

Figures/Tables 5

References 28

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植物	化合物种类	全花	花药	花蜜
梨花	乙醇	13.63±1.97	13.55±1.27	2.38±0.96
	十甲基环五硅氧烷	7.59±0.38	6.49±1.10	19.21±6.84
	十二甲基环六硅氧烷	27.99±2.17	30.71±1.79	43.42±10.00
	十四甲基环七硅氧烷	6.44±0.63	5.90±1.06	7.81±2.54
	苯甲醛	8.92±2.36	13.66±2.52	—
	棕榈酸乙酯	1.10±0.09	0.66±0.11	—
	二甲基硫醚	1.98±0.45	5.18±0.54	—
	苯丙腈	1.70±0.15	—	—
	二氧化碳	1.47±0.68	—	—
油菜	乙醇	1.55±0.48	0.37±0.10	—
	十甲基环五硅氧烷	3.51±0.81	4.60±0.42	14.17±1.54
	十二甲基环六硅氧烷	12.61±0.90	11.76±2.94	38.06±4.12
	十四甲基环七硅氧烷	2.81±0.30	2.18±0.92	8.60±1.41
	苯丙腈	27.83±1.01	30.88±2.54	7.49±3.06
	乙酸	0.36±0.08	0.78±0.10	1.58±0.04
	5-氰基-1-戊烯	7.04±1.24	8.72±0.88	—
	己酸己酯	0.96±0.40	0.35±0.14	—
	二氧化碳	0.40±0.18	0.19±0.07	—
	二甲基二硫醚	6.20±0.24	3.88±0.68	—
	甲基烯丙基氰化物	3.37±0.52	1.21±0.13	—
	二甲基三硫醚	4.15±1.02	11.72±0.69	—
	己酸乙酯	0.21±0.02	0.17±0.02	—
	辛酸乙酯	0.27±0.01	0.1±0.01	—
	二甲基四硫醚	0.73±0.11	1.07±0.41	—
	异硫氰酸-2-苯乙酯	0.67±0.03	5.79±0.28	—
	4-异硫氰酸根合-1-丁烯	0.41±0.18	—	—
	2-甲基丁腈	0.52±0.24	—	—
	反-2-己烯醛	0.50±0.31	—	—
	辛酸	1.75±0.31	—	—
	癸酸甲酯	0.40±0.06	—	—
	十八甲基环九硅氧烷	0.14±0.01	—	—
	苯乙醛	0.47±0.08	—	—

植物	化合物种类	全花	花药	花蜜
梨花	乙醇	13.63±1.97	13.55±1.27	2.38±0.96
	十甲基环五硅氧烷	7.59±0.38	6.49±1.10	19.21±6.84
	十二甲基环六硅氧烷	27.99±2.17	30.71±1.79	43.42±10.00
	十四甲基环七硅氧烷	6.44±0.63	5.90±1.06	7.81±2.54
	苯甲醛	8.92±2.36	13.66±2.52	—
	棕榈酸乙酯	1.10±0.09	0.66±0.11	—
	二甲基硫醚	1.98±0.45	5.18±0.54	—
	苯丙腈	1.70±0.15	—	—
	二氧化碳	1.47±0.68	—	—
油菜	乙醇	1.55±0.48	0.37±0.10	—
	十甲基环五硅氧烷	3.51±0.81	4.60±0.42	14.17±1.54
	十二甲基环六硅氧烷	12.61±0.90	11.76±2.94	38.06±4.12
	十四甲基环七硅氧烷	2.81±0.30	2.18±0.92	8.60±1.41
	苯丙腈	27.83±1.01	30.88±2.54	7.49±3.06
	乙酸	0.36±0.08	0.78±0.10	1.58±0.04
	5-氰基-1-戊烯	7.04±1.24	8.72±0.88	—
	己酸己酯	0.96±0.40	0.35±0.14	—
	二氧化碳	0.40±0.18	0.19±0.07	—
	二甲基二硫醚	6.20±0.24	3.88±0.68	—
	甲基烯丙基氰化物	3.37±0.52	1.21±0.13	—
	二甲基三硫醚	4.15±1.02	11.72±0.69	—
	己酸乙酯	0.21±0.02	0.17±0.02	—
	辛酸乙酯	0.27±0.01	0.1±0.01	—
	二甲基四硫醚	0.73±0.11	1.07±0.41	—
	异硫氰酸-2-苯乙酯	0.67±0.03	5.79±0.28	—
	4-异硫氰酸根合-1-丁烯	0.41±0.18	—	—
	2-甲基丁腈	0.52±0.24	—	—
	反-2-己烯醛	0.50±0.31	—	—
	辛酸	1.75±0.31	—	—
	癸酸甲酯	0.40±0.06	—	—
	十八甲基环九硅氧烷	0.14±0.01	—	—
	苯乙醛	0.47±0.08	—	—

序号	成分	主成分
序号	成分	1	2
1	乙醇	0.913	-0.407
2	十甲基环五硅氧烷	0.898	0.441
3	十二甲基环六硅氧烷	0.342	0.940
4	十四甲基环七硅氧烷	-0.695	-0.719
5	苯甲醛	-0.903	0.429
6	十四甲基环七硅氧烷	0.976	0.218
7	二甲基硫醚	0.988	-0.156
8	苯丙腈	0.954	-0.300
9	二氧化碳	0.971	-0.237
特征值		6.84	2.16
贡献率/%		75.98	24.02
累积贡献率/%		75.98	100.00

序号	成分	主成分
序号	成分	1	2
1	乙醇	0.913	-0.407
2	十甲基环五硅氧烷	0.898	0.441
3	十二甲基环六硅氧烷	0.342	0.940
4	十四甲基环七硅氧烷	-0.695	-0.719
5	苯甲醛	-0.903	0.429
6	十四甲基环七硅氧烷	0.976	0.218
7	二甲基硫醚	0.988	-0.156
8	苯丙腈	0.954	-0.300
9	二氧化碳	0.971	-0.237
特征值		6.84	2.16
贡献率/%		75.98	24.02
累积贡献率/%		75.98	100.00

序号	成分	主成分
序号	成分	1	2
1	二氧化碳	-0.701	-0.713
2	乙醇	-0.414	0.910
3	乙酸	-0.802	0.597
4	2-甲基丁腈	-0.785	0.620
5	二甲基二硫醚	-0.951	0.308
6	甲基烯丙基氰化物	-0.358	0.934
7	5-氰基-1-戊烯	0.695	0.719
8	反-2-己烯醛	1.000	0.018
9	4-异硫氰酸根合-1-丁烯	0.995	-0.101
10	二甲基三硫醚	0.959	0.284
11	十甲基环五硅氧烷	-0.506	0.863
12	十二甲基环六硅氧烷	-0.786	-0.618
13	己酸乙酯	0.653	0.757
14	苯乙醛	0.462	0.887
15	辛酸	0.014	-1.000
16	癸酸甲酯	0.237	-0.972
17	异硫氰酸-2-苯乙酯	-0.997	0.081
18	苯丙腈	-0.857	-0.516
19	己酸己酯	0.884	0.468
20	十四甲基环七硅氧烷	-0.224	-0.975
21	二甲基四硫醚	0.059	-0.998
22	十八甲基环九硅氧烷	0.918	-0.396
23	辛酸乙酯	0.726	-0.688
特征值		11.850	11.150
贡献率/%		51.523	48.477
累积贡献率/%		51.523	100.000