Study on Assimilation Characteristics of Late-maturing Potato Varieties in Northern China

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0650

Abstract

Abstract:

To clarify the assimilation characteristics and yield formation mechanism of late-maturing potato varieties of northern China and provide a theoretical basis for the breeding and promotion of high-yielding potato varieties, the photosynthetic indexes and biomass accumulation indexes of 6 typical late-maturing potato varieties were determined by field planting method with ‘Huayu 5’ as control, and the correlation among assimilation characteristics, plant development and yield formation were analyzed. The results showed that more than 70% of dry matter accumulation and more than 80% of fresh weight accumulation in the aboveground nutrient structure of late-maturing potato varieties were completed at the full-bloom stage, while more than 68% of dry matter accumulation and 60 % of fresh weight accumulation in the underground tubers of late-maturing varieties were completed from the full-bloom stage to the later stage. The final yield of late-maturing potato varieties was significantly correlated with net photosynthetic rate at seedling stage and net photosynthetic rate at full flowering stage, with correlation coefficients of 0.892 and 0.886, respectively. In addition, the final yield was very significantly correlated with the aboveground fresh weight at the flowering stage, and the correlation coefficient reached 0.951. This indicated that the assimilation efficiency at the seedling stage would affect the overall amount of its final aboveground nutrient structure, which in turn could affect the final yield. Therefore, late-maturing potato varieties need to have higher assimilation activity at the seedling stage and establish luxuriant nutritional structure as soon as possible before flowering to obtain higher yield.

Key words: potato, assimilation characteristics, yield formation, photosynthetic characteristics, biomass accumulation

ZHAO Ji, NIE Bihua, FANG Aiguo, JI Lijie, ZHANG Ruijiu, LI Shuangdong, WANG Lihong, MA Hui. Study on Assimilation Characteristics of Late-maturing Potato Varieties in Northern China[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2023, 39(15): 30-38.

Figures/Tables 12

References 21

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品种	大薯产量/(t/hm²)	小薯产量/(t/hm²)	总产量/(t/hm²)	商品薯率/%
华5	42.72±2.31ab	2.82±0.68d	45.54±3.13b	93.82±0.6%a
京3	42.39±2.13 b	3.39±0.72c	45.78±3.29b	92.60±0.4%b
京1	47.13±2.46 a	5.39±0.90b	52.53±2.68a	89.73±0.5%c
G12	45.95±2.47 a	6.55±0.48 c	52.50±2.34a	87.54±1.1%c
2013-85-8	34.60±2.03 c	3.35±0.23 d	37.96±1.94d	91.17±1.3%bc
2013-105-11	37.34±5.31 c	3.13±1.38 d	40.47±5.23c	92.27±1.5%b
2013-105-4	38.69±3.62 b	7.63±1.86 a	46.33±3.82b	83.53±2.4%d

品种	大薯产量/(t/hm²)	小薯产量/(t/hm²)	总产量/(t/hm²)	商品薯率/%
华5	42.72±2.31ab	2.82±0.68d	45.54±3.13b	93.82±0.6%a
京3	42.39±2.13 b	3.39±0.72c	45.78±3.29b	92.60±0.4%b
京1	47.13±2.46 a	5.39±0.90b	52.53±2.68a	89.73±0.5%c
G12	45.95±2.47 a	6.55±0.48 c	52.50±2.34a	87.54±1.1%c
2013-85-8	34.60±2.03 c	3.35±0.23 d	37.96±1.94d	91.17±1.3%bc
2013-105-11	37.34±5.31 c	3.13±1.38 d	40.47±5.23c	92.27±1.5%b
2013-105-4	38.69±3.62 b	7.63±1.86 a	46.33±3.82b	83.53±2.4%d

指标	产量	30 d光合	50 d光合	50 d地上鲜重	50 d地上干重	30~50 d地上干重增量	50~70 d地下干重增量	70 d地下鲜重	70 d地下干重
产量	1	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
30 d光合	0.892^*	1	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
50 d光合	0.886^*	0.952^**	1	-	-	-	-	-	-
50 d地上鲜重	0.951^**	0.846^*	0.78	1	-	-	-	-	-
50 d地上干重	0.810	0.823^*	0.558	0.835^*	1	-	-	-	-
30~50 d地上干重增量	0.788	0.921^**	0.904^*	0.806	0.861^*	1	-	-	-
50~70 d地下干重增量	0.928^**	. 0.736	0.876^*	0.888^*	0.679	0.825^*	1	-	-
70 d地下鲜重	0.986^**	0.82^4*	0.847^*	0.931^**	0.56	0.738	0.939^**	1	-
70 d地下干重	0.900^*	0.673	0.713	0.846^*	0.754	0.605	0.947^**	0.956^**	1

指标	产量	30 d光合	50 d光合	50 d地上鲜重	50 d地上干重	30~50 d地上干重增量	50~70 d地下干重增量	70 d地下鲜重	70 d地下干重
产量	1	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
30 d光合	0.892^*	1	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
50 d光合	0.886^*	0.952^**	1	-	-	-	-	-	-
50 d地上鲜重	0.951^**	0.846^*	0.78	1	-	-	-	-	-
50 d地上干重	0.810	0.823^*	0.558	0.835^*	1	-	-	-	-
30~50 d地上干重增量	0.788	0.921^**	0.904^*	0.806	0.861^*	1	-	-	-
50~70 d地下干重增量	0.928^**	. 0.736	0.876^*	0.888^*	0.679	0.825^*	1	-	-
70 d地下鲜重	0.986^**	0.82^4*	0.847^*	0.931^**	0.56	0.738	0.939^**	1	-
70 d地下干重	0.900^*	0.673	0.713	0.846^*	0.754	0.605	0.947^**	0.956^**	1