Screening of Plant Growth-promoting Rhizobacteria and Research Progress on Growth-Promoting Mechanisms

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0608

Abstract

Abstract:

The excessive application of chemical fertilizers has caused soil degradation and ecological pollution. The development of bio-green alternative technologies has become an urgent need for sustainable agricultural development. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are the key biological resources for ecological cultivation, which can promote crop growth and stress resistance through nutrient activation, hormone regulation and signal communication. To clarify the application potential of PGPR to meet the cultivation needs of wine grapes in the eastern foothills of the Helan Mountains in Ningxia, and to provide theoretical support for the construction of green agricultural biological solutions, this paper systematically reviews relevant domestic and international research. It summarizes the traditional single-strain screening methods and synthetic community construction strategies for PGPR, and reviews their core growth-promoting mechanisms (nutrient mobilization, root system regulation, hormone network modulation, and volatile substance-mediated effects), as well as the application of transcriptomics technology in the study of interaction mechanisms. The paper focuses on analyzing the interaction pathways between PGPR and host plants. The research indicates that PGPR can significantly increase crop yields (by 14.96% to 56.67%) and enhance stress resistance through multiple growth-promoting pathways, and a number of excellent strains and key functional genes have been identified. This paper points out that current research faces problems such as poor colonization stability of PGPR in the field and unclear molecular interaction mechanisms. It proposes that future research needs to combine multi-omics technologies to optimize microbial community formulations, strengthen field validation, and promote the sustainable application of PGPR in precision ecological agriculture.

Key words: plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), growth-promoting mechanism, synthetic microbial consortia, volatile substances (VOCs), rhizosphere interaction, transcriptomics

CLC Number:

S154.3

LIU Jiawen, GU Peiwen, ZHANG Liang, ZHAO Zhipeng, CAO Lingxiao, YANG Qiong. Screening of Plant Growth-promoting Rhizobacteria and Research Progress on Growth-Promoting Mechanisms[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2026, 42(12): 48-59.

Figures/Tables 2

References 80

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PGPR名称	来源	研究植物	促生结果	参考文献
贝莱斯芽孢杆菌 SQR9	中国某地区黄瓜根际土壤	拟南芥、水稻、玉米、黄瓜	与拟南芥共培养8 d，植株总氮含量约增2~3倍，根部氮浓度提升18%。处理6 d后，拟南芥总侧根原基数量增加33%。和水稻共培养两周，地上部氮浓度增加57%，根部及地上部干物质含量均显著上升。在与拟南芥共培养实验中，根系对低浓度硝酸盐吸收速率提升效果最为突出，0.5 mmol/L磷酸盐浓度下吸收速率增加9倍	[2]
Sinomonas gamaensis NEAU- HV1	中国黑龙江省哈尔滨市某棉花田土壤	生菜、小麦、玉米、花生、拟南芥	该菌株可显著促进生菜、小麦、玉米、花生生长，增加茎长、根长及生物量，以10⁹CFU/mL浓度处理花生，果实成熟期株高、茎粗和SPAD值分别较对照增加56.4%、9.6%和12.3%	[11]
XKG001	中国某地区桉树人工林根际土壤	玉米、桉树	该菌株促生潜力显著，溶解无机磷能力为172.65 mg/L，且具备产淀粉水解酶、蛋白酶和过氧化氢酶的能力。其菌液可以显著促进玉米种子的萌芽，菌液及菌肥施用于桉树幼苗上后可有效促进植株生长	[12]
F05-44	中国某地区人参根际土壤	人参	不施肥条件下，该菌株能使人参株高和根长分别提高38.53%、24.65%，展叶期提前3~4 d	[13]
大肠杆菌0208	广西亚热带植物根际土壤	番茄、玉米	与对照组相比，番茄盆栽株高、茎粗、根长、地上部鲜重和地下部鲜重分别增加53.51%、14.90%、12.28%、43.12%和48.62%。玉米盆栽株高、茎粗、根长、地上部鲜重和地下部鲜重分别增加21.49%、19.35%、42.98%、19.58%和56.67%	[14]
假单胞菌sp. CM11	长寿树种板栗根际土壤	拟南芥、生菜、番茄	接种该菌株后，拟南芥主根生长在24 h后受抑制并逐渐停滞，侧根数量显著增加；植株地上部分生物量增加，叶面积增大，抽薹时间提前1.7 d，株高增加1.6倍，种子数量增加2.5倍，单粒种子重量增加1.3倍。与生菜和番茄后，侧根数量分别增加1.5倍和1.4倍。土壤实验中，生菜地上和地下部分鲜重分别增加8.2倍和2.4倍，番茄地上和地下部分鲜重分别增加2.2倍和1.6倍	[15]
粘质沙雷氏菌	稗草根际土（盐碱土壤）	紫花苜蓿	在盐碱胁迫下，PGPR促进紫花苜蓿生长，提高植物高度、根系长度、地上与地下组织鲜干重；改善根系状态、叶绿素水平	[16]
荧光假单胞菌	甘肃省兰州市永登县设施葡萄栽培试验基地	葡萄（欧亚葡萄品种“红地球”）	轻度水分胁迫下，少量菌肥处理的葡萄产量较充分供水提高56.34%，充分供水条件下，多量菌肥处理产量较不添加菌肥提高42.48%；可促进果粒纵横茎生长；提高叶片丙二醛含量，促进叶绿素合成；提升产量	[17]
枯草芽孢杆菌R3、泛菌FJ-1	西北农林科技大学大学五泉综合试验示范站单层薄膜拱棚内	草莓（‘天仙醉’）	随着菌肥用量增加，草莓生长、产量和品质指标先升后降，小区产量增加14.96%，多项果实品质指标提升，病情指数降低40.14%	[18]
淡紫拟青霉菌(DZ)	贵阳市乌当区3个典型样地土壤	蕹菜	PGPR提高了土壤有机质、硝态氮、有效磷、速效钾和pH，对铵态氮无显著影响，总鲜重和叶面积在处理组均显著高于对照组	[19]
嗜热球形脲芽胞杆菌	小兴安岭红松原始林林下土壤、绥化市北林区裕奎县卫星镇烤烟种植四年烟地土壤、绥化市望奎县达牧业牧场牛粪采集土样	烟草（龙江911）	确定最佳配比为1000 kg牛粪+ 25 kg秸秆+ 7.5 kg菌液+ 2.5 kg水。该配比可显著改善土壤理化性质，提升孔隙度，并将pH调节至作物适宜范围，增加土壤水解氮、有效磷、速效钾、有机碳和有机质含量，提高土壤酶活性，改变土壤细菌群落结构，提高细菌多样性并明确了关键菌属及其作用	[20]

PGPR名称	来源	研究植物	促生结果	参考文献
贝莱斯芽孢杆菌 SQR9	中国某地区黄瓜根际土壤	拟南芥、水稻、玉米、黄瓜	与拟南芥共培养8 d，植株总氮含量约增2~3倍，根部氮浓度提升18%。处理6 d后，拟南芥总侧根原基数量增加33%。和水稻共培养两周，地上部氮浓度增加57%，根部及地上部干物质含量均显著上升。在与拟南芥共培养实验中，根系对低浓度硝酸盐吸收速率提升效果最为突出，0.5 mmol/L磷酸盐浓度下吸收速率增加9倍	[2]
Sinomonas gamaensis NEAU- HV1	中国黑龙江省哈尔滨市某棉花田土壤	生菜、小麦、玉米、花生、拟南芥	该菌株可显著促进生菜、小麦、玉米、花生生长，增加茎长、根长及生物量，以10⁹CFU/mL浓度处理花生，果实成熟期株高、茎粗和SPAD值分别较对照增加56.4%、9.6%和12.3%	[11]
XKG001	中国某地区桉树人工林根际土壤	玉米、桉树	该菌株促生潜力显著，溶解无机磷能力为172.65 mg/L，且具备产淀粉水解酶、蛋白酶和过氧化氢酶的能力。其菌液可以显著促进玉米种子的萌芽，菌液及菌肥施用于桉树幼苗上后可有效促进植株生长	[12]
F05-44	中国某地区人参根际土壤	人参	不施肥条件下，该菌株能使人参株高和根长分别提高38.53%、24.65%，展叶期提前3~4 d	[13]
大肠杆菌0208	广西亚热带植物根际土壤	番茄、玉米	与对照组相比，番茄盆栽株高、茎粗、根长、地上部鲜重和地下部鲜重分别增加53.51%、14.90%、12.28%、43.12%和48.62%。玉米盆栽株高、茎粗、根长、地上部鲜重和地下部鲜重分别增加21.49%、19.35%、42.98%、19.58%和56.67%	[14]
假单胞菌sp. CM11	长寿树种板栗根际土壤	拟南芥、生菜、番茄	接种该菌株后，拟南芥主根生长在24 h后受抑制并逐渐停滞，侧根数量显著增加；植株地上部分生物量增加，叶面积增大，抽薹时间提前1.7 d，株高增加1.6倍，种子数量增加2.5倍，单粒种子重量增加1.3倍。与生菜和番茄后，侧根数量分别增加1.5倍和1.4倍。土壤实验中，生菜地上和地下部分鲜重分别增加8.2倍和2.4倍，番茄地上和地下部分鲜重分别增加2.2倍和1.6倍	[15]
粘质沙雷氏菌	稗草根际土（盐碱土壤）	紫花苜蓿	在盐碱胁迫下，PGPR促进紫花苜蓿生长，提高植物高度、根系长度、地上与地下组织鲜干重；改善根系状态、叶绿素水平	[16]
荧光假单胞菌	甘肃省兰州市永登县设施葡萄栽培试验基地	葡萄（欧亚葡萄品种“红地球”）	轻度水分胁迫下，少量菌肥处理的葡萄产量较充分供水提高56.34%，充分供水条件下，多量菌肥处理产量较不添加菌肥提高42.48%；可促进果粒纵横茎生长；提高叶片丙二醛含量，促进叶绿素合成；提升产量	[17]
枯草芽孢杆菌R3、泛菌FJ-1	西北农林科技大学大学五泉综合试验示范站单层薄膜拱棚内	草莓（‘天仙醉’）	随着菌肥用量增加，草莓生长、产量和品质指标先升后降，小区产量增加14.96%，多项果实品质指标提升，病情指数降低40.14%	[18]
淡紫拟青霉菌(DZ)	贵阳市乌当区3个典型样地土壤	蕹菜	PGPR提高了土壤有机质、硝态氮、有效磷、速效钾和pH，对铵态氮无显著影响，总鲜重和叶面积在处理组均显著高于对照组	[19]
嗜热球形脲芽胞杆菌	小兴安岭红松原始林林下土壤、绥化市北林区裕奎县卫星镇烤烟种植四年烟地土壤、绥化市望奎县达牧业牧场牛粪采集土样	烟草（龙江911）	确定最佳配比为1000 kg牛粪+ 25 kg秸秆+ 7.5 kg菌液+ 2.5 kg水。该配比可显著改善土壤理化性质，提升孔隙度，并将pH调节至作物适宜范围，增加土壤水解氮、有效磷、速效钾、有机碳和有机质含量，提高土壤酶活性，改变土壤细菌群落结构，提高细菌多样性并明确了关键菌属及其作用	[20]