Abstract: By analyzing 116 group data collected from 86 new single season middle maturity hybrid rices developed in Sichuan for Provincial Yield Trials during 1996 to 2005 with the Coefficient of the correction and path analysis, the result indicated that there exist significant positive correlation between spikelets number of per panicle (SNPP) and filled grain number of per panicle, the ratio of seed setting (SSR) and grain yield, respectively. And the contribution of effective panicle number (EPN) to grain yield is most, but the indirect action of EPN by spikelets number of per panicle is also more, so only increased EPN is not entire to improve grain yield. The authors suggest that breeding for hybrid rice with high yield in Sichuan should follow the way of increasing filled grains per panicle and 1000~ grain weight, as well as balancing the relationship of those characters through establishing hybrid rice population projected. The yield component traits at 9.0t/hm2 should be: effective panicles number (EPN) 2.65~2.70million/hm2, SNPP180~200, SSR>84%, and 1000 grains weight 27~29g.