Abstract: Guangdong is one of the thirteen major grain producing provinces. Its cultivation area and yield were ranked 9th in China and the rice production of Guangdong has a good industrial foundation at present. This paper analyzed the status of rice production and trade in the world, the situation of rice distribution and production in Guangdong, and also estimated the contribution rate of scientific and technological progress to the rice industry. Considering the whole industrial development, there were some problems such as cost rising of agricultural materials and labor, declining of farmers' enthusiasm, low mechanization level, short industry chain and lacking of significant brands effect, multiple but without prominently dominant varieties, poor farming infrastructure and so on. Finally, this paper put forward several countermeasures for rice development based on the present situation of rice production and food security in Guangdong Province.