Effect of Biochar Amendment Levels on the Yield and Quality of Chinese Cabbage and Garlic

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb19010145

Abstract

Abstract:

The current study investigated the effect of different levels of biochar amendment on soil quality, and vegetable yield and quality, aiming to explore the optimum biochar application level on Chinese cabbage and garlic, and providing a basis for biochar application on vegetable. A pot experiment was conducted, and four levels of the biochar were added into soil including: CK (no biochar), C1 (1%), C2 (2%) and C3 (3%), with five repeats. For soil properties, biochar amendment significantly increased soil organic carbon by 23.86%-93.54%; 3% of biochar amendment increased soil nitrogen content by 11.33% and 23.09% during the growth season of Chinese cabbage and garlic, respectively; soil available phosphorus and available potassium content were increased by 18.77%-80.04% and 80.19%-396.18%; and biochar also increased soil pH value. For crop productivity, biochar amendment increased the aboveground fresh and dry weight of Chinese cabbage by 60.11%-86.11% and 57.89%-76.32%. And 3% biochar amendment increased garlic aboveground fresh biomass, dry biomass and belowground dry biomass by 36.89%, 32.00% and 61.56%, respectively. For vegetable quality, 2% and 3% biochar amendment increased the soluble protein content of Chinese cabbage by 9.07% and 9.37%; while the soluble sugar and nitrate content of Chinese cabbage was decreased by 6.72%-7.00% and 38.62%-93.20%; 2% and 3% biochar amendment increased the soluble protein content of garlic by 9.83% and 9.56%, while 3% treatment decreased garlic soluble sugar and nitrate content by 17.98% and 39.27%. The application of biochar on Chinese cabbage and garlic planting can improve soil fertility, and raise vegetable yield and quality simultaneously. And the optimum biochar application level for Chinese cabbage and garlic are 1% and 3%.

Key words: biochar, vegetable, soil properties, yield, quality, optimum level

CLC Number:

S151.9

Zhou Jiashun, Yu Hongxi, Yang Jie, Sun Wenqing, Gao Wenwen, Zhong Yamin, Shi Yujie. Effect of Biochar Amendment Levels on the Yield and Quality of Chinese Cabbage and Garlic[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2020, 36(13): 59-64.

Figures/Tables 3

References 45

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蔬菜	处理	有机碳/(g/kg)	全氮/(g/kg)	有效磷/(mg/kg)	速效钾/(mg/kg)	pH	电导率/(μS/cm)
小白菜	CK	20.66±0.18d	1.62±0.07b	26.34±2.60d	83.80±3.96d	5.61±0.03d	266.75±3.20a
	C1	25.58±1.00c	1.55±0.14b	31.29±1.76c	151.00±18.88c	6.07±0.09c	223.55±33.21a
	C2	29.17±2.36b	1.59±0.14b	37.42±2.68b	241.60±12.01b	6.27±0.26b	269.60±27.70a
	C3	37.67±1.33a	1.81±0.13a	44.29±3.56a	415.80±43.05a	6.57±0.12a	288.00±42.74a
大蒜	CK	19.28±0.22d	1.38±0.09b	24.74±2.96d	112±6.20d	5.64±0.13c	297.33±15.95c
	C1	24.12±0.50c	1.57±0.06ab	31.40±1.79c	208.40±10.53c	5.64±0.03c	353.75±18.12c
	C2	29.69±1.22b	1.67±0.17ab	37.14±1.11b	305.00±11.55b	5.98±0.09b	401.20±47.04b
	C3	37.31±0.92a	1.70±0.11a	44.52±1.25a	479.75±26.60a	6.18±0.06a	529.67±23.80a

蔬菜	处理	有机碳/(g/kg)	全氮/(g/kg)	有效磷/(mg/kg)	速效钾/(mg/kg)	pH	电导率/(μS/cm)
小白菜	CK	20.66±0.18d	1.62±0.07b	26.34±2.60d	83.80±3.96d	5.61±0.03d	266.75±3.20a
	C1	25.58±1.00c	1.55±0.14b	31.29±1.76c	151.00±18.88c	6.07±0.09c	223.55±33.21a
	C2	29.17±2.36b	1.59±0.14b	37.42±2.68b	241.60±12.01b	6.27±0.26b	269.60±27.70a
	C3	37.67±1.33a	1.81±0.13a	44.29±3.56a	415.80±43.05a	6.57±0.12a	288.00±42.74a
大蒜	CK	19.28±0.22d	1.38±0.09b	24.74±2.96d	112±6.20d	5.64±0.13c	297.33±15.95c
	C1	24.12±0.50c	1.57±0.06ab	31.40±1.79c	208.40±10.53c	5.64±0.03c	353.75±18.12c
	C2	29.69±1.22b	1.67±0.17ab	37.14±1.11b	305.00±11.55b	5.98±0.09b	401.20±47.04b
	C3	37.31±0.92a	1.70±0.11a	44.52±1.25a	479.75±26.60a	6.18±0.06a	529.67±23.80a

蔬菜	处理	株高/cm	叶面积/(cm²/盆)	地上部鲜重/(g/盆)	地上部干重/(g/盆)	地下部干重/(g/盆)
小白菜	CK	12.47±0.32c	363.15±36.71d	43.50±2.54b	2.53±0.12b	0.15±0.02a
	C1	14.7±0.23ab	492.20±47.01b	78.84±6.91a	4.15±0.30a	0.23±0.09a
	C2	13.88±0.85b	481.32±10.04bc	69.65±12.69a	4.00±0.66a	0.17±0.05a
	C3	15.48±0.81a	568.13±22.31a	80.96±7.42a	4.47±0.31a	0.19±0.05a
大蒜	CK	47.31±0.95a	—	38.13±7.80b	3.83±0.72b	3.33±0.50b
	C1	46.29±2.98a	—	49.4±5.48ab	4.65±0.88ab	3.40±0.70b
	C2	44.16±4.85a	—	47.00±3.54ab	4.75±0.21ab	3.84±0.79b
	C3	47.54±4.21a	—	52.20±7.35a	5.06±0.55a	5.38±0.51a

蔬菜	处理	株高/cm	叶面积/(cm²/盆)	地上部鲜重/(g/盆)	地上部干重/(g/盆)	地下部干重/(g/盆)
小白菜	CK	12.47±0.32c	363.15±36.71d	43.50±2.54b	2.53±0.12b	0.15±0.02a
	C1	14.7±0.23ab	492.20±47.01b	78.84±6.91a	4.15±0.30a	0.23±0.09a
	C2	13.88±0.85b	481.32±10.04bc	69.65±12.69a	4.00±0.66a	0.17±0.05a
	C3	15.48±0.81a	568.13±22.31a	80.96±7.42a	4.47±0.31a	0.19±0.05a
大蒜	CK	47.31±0.95a	—	38.13±7.80b	3.83±0.72b	3.33±0.50b
	C1	46.29±2.98a	—	49.4±5.48ab	4.65±0.88ab	3.40±0.70b
	C2	44.16±4.85a	—	47.00±3.54ab	4.75±0.21ab	3.84±0.79b
	C3	47.54±4.21a	—	52.20±7.35a	5.06±0.55a	5.38±0.51a

蔬菜	处理	可溶性蛋白/(g/kg)	可溶性糖/(g/kg)	硝酸盐/(mg/kg)
小白菜	CK	7.62±0.54b	0.40±0.03a	1704.16±84.34a
	C1	7.92±0.16ab	0.38±0.01b	1045.96±330.29b
	C2	8.31±0.46a	0.38±0.01b	997.31±81.71b
	C3	8.34±0.16a	0.38±0.00b	115.90±6.07c
大蒜	CK	8.23±0.26b	0.77±0.02a	526.56±38.47a
	C1	8.59±0.53ab	0.68±0.07ab	569.84±52.85a
	C2	9.04±0.45a	0.72±0.02ab	556.96±63.90a
	C3	9.02±0.34a	0.63±0.05b	319.80±21.24b