Biochar Application Amount: Effects on Growth, Development and Yield of Soybean

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2020-0374

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to understand the effect of biochar application on soybean growth and yield, biochar with six different application amounts were applied in pot experiment. Main agronomic traits including plant height, fresh weight and dry weight (stem, leaf and root) were measured at flowering stage of soybean. Then the main yield characters and yield indexes were measured in the harvest period. The results show that the application of biochar has significant effects on the main agronomic traits in the early growth stage, even influencing yield and its traits in maturity stage of soybean obviously. The optimum application amount of biochar is 210.0 kg/hm², under which the yield is 38.48% higher than the control. The relationship between the application amount of biochar and soybean yield is accordant with the quadratic function models: (R²=0.9368, P=0.0159). It is clear that moderate application of biochar in soil can promote the growth and yield of soybean, while excessive application can inhibit the growth and lead to the decrease of yield.

Key words: biochar, application amount, soybean, pot experiment, agronomic traits, yield

CLC Number:

S565.1

Hou Weinan, Liu Jingyu, Xing Yichang, Liu Zehua, Zang Yongkui, Yuan Mei, Gao Yu, Shi Shusen. Biochar Application Amount: Effects on Growth, Development and Yield of Soybean[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2021, 37(15): 14-19.

Figures/Tables 5

References 20

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农艺性状		生物炭施入量
农艺性状		105 kg/hm²	210 kg/hm²	315 kg/hm²	420 kg/hm²	525 kg/hm²	0 kg/hm²
株高/cm		46.50±1.58a	45.25±1.19a	41.75±1.93ab	41.25±1.64ab	39.75±2.23b	43.00±1.28ab
根瘤数		68.00±4.58c	107.67±4.41a	93.67±0.33ab	69.00±8.89c	86.00±3.21b	82.33±2.91bc
鲜重/g	茎叶	24.00±3.06a	24.67±3.33a	20.00±4.16ab	17.33±2.40b	18.00±1.15b	17.33±0.67b
	根系	12.35±0.66ab	12.87±0.14a	10.31±0.73ab	10.28±1.14ab	9.46±1.24b	11.09±0.34ab
	根瘤	1.95±0.18b	2.46±0.25a	2.36±0.10a	1.72±0.05bc	1.87±0.13bc	1.57±0.02c
	总鲜重	38.51±2.79a	40.00±4.16a	32.67±3.72b	29.34±3.53b	29.33±2.40b	30.00±0.58b
	根冠比	0.60	0.62	0.63	0.69	0.63	0.73
干重/g	茎叶	3.47±0.27ab	4.50±0.45a	2.91±0.61b	2.71±0.27b	2.69±0.35b	2.82±0.09b
	根系	3.62±0.21c	4.49±0.55bc	5.84±0.15a	5.34±0.49ab	4.34±0.11bc	3.72±0.17c
	根瘤	0.40±0.08bc	0.91±0.05a	0.56±0.59b	0.33±0.10bc	0.54±0.05b	0.28±0.03c
	总干重	7.57±0.46bc	9.71±1.01a	9.31±0.57a	8.47±0.41ab	7.44±0.45bc	6.88±0.28c
	根冠比	1.16	1.20	2.20	2.09	1.81	1.42

农艺性状		生物炭施入量
农艺性状		105 kg/hm²	210 kg/hm²	315 kg/hm²	420 kg/hm²	525 kg/hm²	0 kg/hm²
株高/cm		46.50±1.58a	45.25±1.19a	41.75±1.93ab	41.25±1.64ab	39.75±2.23b	43.00±1.28ab
根瘤数		68.00±4.58c	107.67±4.41a	93.67±0.33ab	69.00±8.89c	86.00±3.21b	82.33±2.91bc
鲜重/g	茎叶	24.00±3.06a	24.67±3.33a	20.00±4.16ab	17.33±2.40b	18.00±1.15b	17.33±0.67b
	根系	12.35±0.66ab	12.87±0.14a	10.31±0.73ab	10.28±1.14ab	9.46±1.24b	11.09±0.34ab
	根瘤	1.95±0.18b	2.46±0.25a	2.36±0.10a	1.72±0.05bc	1.87±0.13bc	1.57±0.02c
	总鲜重	38.51±2.79a	40.00±4.16a	32.67±3.72b	29.34±3.53b	29.33±2.40b	30.00±0.58b
	根冠比	0.60	0.62	0.63	0.69	0.63	0.73
干重/g	茎叶	3.47±0.27ab	4.50±0.45a	2.91±0.61b	2.71±0.27b	2.69±0.35b	2.82±0.09b
	根系	3.62±0.21c	4.49±0.55bc	5.84±0.15a	5.34±0.49ab	4.34±0.11bc	3.72±0.17c
	根瘤	0.40±0.08bc	0.91±0.05a	0.56±0.59b	0.33±0.10bc	0.54±0.05b	0.28±0.03c
	总干重	7.57±0.46bc	9.71±1.01a	9.31±0.57a	8.47±0.41ab	7.44±0.45bc	6.88±0.28c
	根冠比	1.16	1.20	2.20	2.09	1.81	1.42

生物炭施入量/(kg/hm²)	单株有效荚数/个	单株粒数/个	百粒重/g	单株产量/g
105	25.50±0.65b	69.50±0.65a	26.79±3.52a	19.47±1.97ab
210	29.00±1.08a	70.25±1.18a	24.93±1.91a	21.70±0.71a
315	21.50±1.55c	62.50±1.32b	20.26±2.26b	17.30±0.92bc
420	19.00±0.91c	53.50±2.60c	18.30±1.51bc	12.29±1.18d
525	19.25±1.32c	50.50±0.87c	16.68±0.61c	8.18±0.40e
0	25.25±0.48b	60.00±2.68b	21.11±0.91b	15.67±0.64c

生物炭施入量/(kg/hm²)	单株有效荚数/个	单株粒数/个	百粒重/g	单株产量/g
105	25.50±0.65b	69.50±0.65a	26.79±3.52a	19.47±1.97ab
210	29.00±1.08a	70.25±1.18a	24.93±1.91a	21.70±0.71a
315	21.50±1.55c	62.50±1.32b	20.26±2.26b	17.30±0.92bc
420	19.00±0.91c	53.50±2.60c	18.30±1.51bc	12.29±1.18d
525	19.25±1.32c	50.50±0.87c	16.68±0.61c	8.18±0.40e
0	25.25±0.48b	60.00±2.68b	21.11±0.91b	15.67±0.64c

产量性状	回归分析	显著性检验			符合模型
产量性状	回归分析	R²	F	P	符合模型
百粒重/g	Y_百粒重=0.000001x³-0.00041x²+0.08475x+21.32912	0.9719	23.0764	0.0418	三次函数
单株有效荚数/个	Y_有效荚数=-0.00004x³+0.00451x+25.8893	0.8720	10.2208	0.0458	二次函数
单株粒数/个	Y_粒数=0.000001x³-0.00078x²+0.1729x+59.64286	0.9818	35.8889	0.0272	三次函数
单株产量/g	Y_产量=-0.00011x²+0.0410x+16.2182	0.9368	22.2302	0.0159	二次函数