Effects of Different Drip Irrigation Schedules on Soil Moisture, Wheat Growth and Water Use at Jiaodong Semi-humid Region

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0360

Abstract

Abstract:

To cope with the obvious shortage of rainfall and irrigation water resources in winter wheat season at Jiaodong area, the effects of different irrigation schedules on soil moisture, winter wheat growth and water use efficiency were studied to explore the optimal irrigation mode for winter wheat. The experiment was carried out from 2016 to 2019 using drip irrigation method, four treatments of T1 (no irrigation), T2 (jointing stage irrigation, 40 mm), T3 (flowering stage irrigation, 40 mm) and T4 (jointing stage and flowering stage irrigation, 40 mm each) were designed with 3 replicates. The results showed that: (1) at jointing stage, the volume water content of 0-30, 30-60 and 60-90 cm soil in T2 and T4 was 16.0%, 25.5% and 25.1% respectively, which was higher than that of T1 by 25.9%, 5.5% and 4.7%, respectively; the soil water storage was 204.9 mm, which was 6.5% higher than that of T1, the leaf area index was 2.9, 26.3% higher than that of T1, and the biomass was 6124.8 kg/hm², 29.0% higher than that of T1. (2) At flowering stage, the volume water content of 0-30, 30-60 and 60-90 cm for T3 and T4 was 12.8%, 22.7% and 22.8%, which was 36.6%, 11.2% and 6.7% higher than that of T1, respectively; the soil water storage, leaf area index and biomass were 188.7 mm, 2.2 and 10781.0 kg/hm², 12.8%, 24.3% and 24.2% higher than that of T1. (3) Compared with T1, T2 showed higher grain yield by 16.5%, water consumption increased by 13.0%, and water use efficiency increased by 2.7%, and T3 showed higher grain yield by 26.4%, higher water consumption by 13.3%, and higher water use efficiency by 11.0%. the yield of T4 increased by 22.7%, water consumption increased by 23.9%, but water use efficiency decreased by 2.0%. Comparison among T2, T3 and T4 showed that the leaf area index, biomass and yield of T3 were 5.8%, 5.7% and 9.0% higher than that of T2, respectively, water consumption had little difference, water use efficiency increased by 8.7%, irrigation water use efficiency increase by 138.5%. Compared with T4, the biomass and yield of T3 had little difference, the water consumption decreased by 8.7%, but showed higher water use efficiency by 13.4%, and irrigation water use efficiency increased by 160.4%. Based on the three-year results, drip irrigation at flowering stage (T3 treatment) with 40 mm could be considered as the optimal irrigation schedule for winter wheat at the area.

Key words: drip irrigation, irrigation schedule, winter wheat, water use efficiency, soil water

CLC Number:

S512.1

Wang Zhijun, Wang Bisheng, Sun Xiaolu, Xu Mengjie, Yang Xiaohui, Hou Jinjin, Fang Quanxiao. Effects of Different Drip Irrigation Schedules on Soil Moisture, Wheat Growth and Water Use at Jiaodong Semi-humid Region[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2021, 37(27): 6-15.

Figures/Tables 10

References 37

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年份	处理	成穗数/(穗/m²)	穗粒数/粒	千粒重/g	产量/(kg/hm²)
2017	T1	318.06c	32.92a	47.62b	5564c
	T2	376.39ab	33.02a	48.29b	6338b
	T3	365.74b	32.33b	50.87a	7024a
	T4	390.27a	34.49a	51.03a	6728a
2018	T1	473.61b	30.62c	51.18c	6681b
	T2	445.83c	42.06b	52.36c	8578a
	T3	513.88a	42.59b	56.27b	8482a
	T4	477.77b	44.9a	59.19a	8883a
2019	T1	686.25b	35.67a	43.03a	7027c
	T2	613.75c	35.13a	40.73b	7540b
	T3	741.25a	33.17b	44.86a	8846a
	T4	617.75c	36.63a	43.52a	8519a

年份	处理	成穗数/(穗/m²)	穗粒数/粒	千粒重/g	产量/(kg/hm²)
2017	T1	318.06c	32.92a	47.62b	5564c
	T2	376.39ab	33.02a	48.29b	6338b
	T3	365.74b	32.33b	50.87a	7024a
	T4	390.27a	34.49a	51.03a	6728a
2018	T1	473.61b	30.62c	51.18c	6681b
	T2	445.83c	42.06b	52.36c	8578a
	T3	513.88a	42.59b	56.27b	8482a
	T4	477.77b	44.9a	59.19a	8883a
2019	T1	686.25b	35.67a	43.03a	7027c
	T2	613.75c	35.13a	40.73b	7540b
	T3	741.25a	33.17b	44.86a	8846a
	T4	617.75c	36.63a	43.52a	8519a

年份	处理	降雨量/ mm	灌溉量/ mm	土壤供水量/ mm	耗水量/ mm	水分利用效率 (WUE)/[kg/(mm·hm²)]	灌溉水利用效率 (WUEi)/[kg/(mm·hm²)]
2017	T1	265.3	0	46.99	312.29d	17.82a
	T2	265.3	40	40.74	346.04c	18.32a	19.35b
	T3	265.3	40	75.75	381.05b	18.43a	36.50a
	T4	265.3	80	56.36	401.66a	16.76b	14.55b
2018	T1	275.9	0	87.25	363.15d	18.39c
	T2	275.9	40	97.25	413.15b	20.76a	47.43a
	T3	275.9	40	75.12	391.02c	21.69a	45.03a
	T4	275.9	80	93.42	449.32a	19.77b	27.53b
2019	T1	190.5	0	123.64	314.14c	22.37b
	T2	190.5	40	129.14	359.64a	20.97c	12.83b
	T3	190.5	40	115.22	345.72b	25.59a	45.48a
	T4	190.5	80	104.84	375.34a	22.70b	18.65b

年份	处理	降雨量/ mm	灌溉量/ mm	土壤供水量/ mm	耗水量/ mm	水分利用效率 (WUE)/[kg/(mm·hm²)]	灌溉水利用效率 (WUEi)/[kg/(mm·hm²)]
2017	T1	265.3	0	46.99	312.29d	17.82a
	T2	265.3	40	40.74	346.04c	18.32a	19.35b
	T3	265.3	40	75.75	381.05b	18.43a	36.50a
	T4	265.3	80	56.36	401.66a	16.76b	14.55b
2018	T1	275.9	0	87.25	363.15d	18.39c
	T2	275.9	40	97.25	413.15b	20.76a	47.43a
	T3	275.9	40	75.12	391.02c	21.69a	45.03a
	T4	275.9	80	93.42	449.32a	19.77b	27.53b
2019	T1	190.5	0	123.64	314.14c	22.37b
	T2	190.5	40	129.14	359.64a	20.97c	12.83b
	T3	190.5	40	115.22	345.72b	25.59a	45.48a
	T4	190.5	80	104.84	375.34a	22.70b	18.65b