Effects of Canopy Density on Photosynthesis and Yield of Intercropping Alpinia galanga Under Eucalyptus Plantations

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0095

Abstract

Abstract:

To investigate the effects of different canopy densities of Eucalyptus on the photosynthetic characteristics and yield of Alpinia galanga, four different canopy densities (high canopy density>0.7, medium canopy density 0.4-0.7, low canopy density 0.2-0.4, and no shading) of Eucalyptus were used as experimental subjects for understory intercropping. The photosynthetic characteristics, yield, and quality of A. galanga were evaluated. The results showed that the photosynthetic efficiency (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs) and transpiration rate (Tr) of A. galanga were the highest and the photosynthetic efficiency was the best under no shading treatment, and the yield of rhizome was significantly higher than that of other treatments, showing no shading > low canopy density > medium canopy density > high canopy density. However, under the high canopy density treatment, the net photosynthetic rate of A. galanga decreased, the yield was the lowest, and the flavonoid content in the rhizome of A. galanga significantly increased, reaching the highest level and improving its quality. Pn was significantly positively correlated with the yield, and negatively correlated with the flavonoid content. Stomatal conductance was positively correlated with the yield. This study indicates that enhancing Pn and Gs is crucial for increasing the yield in A. galanga, low canopy closure is more conducive to yield increasing, while high canopy density is beneficial for improving quality.

Key words: under-forest planting, Eucalyptus, canopy density, Alpinia galanga, photosynthetic characteristics, yield and quality

GAO Kai, ZENG Guangyu, LEI Mingxu, SHI Wenwen, TIAN Yanyan, HE Longfei. Effects of Canopy Density on Photosynthesis and Yield of Intercropping Alpinia galanga Under Eucalyptus Plantations[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2025, 41(24): 37-44.

Figures/Tables 7

References 30

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指标	郁闭度	7月	8月	9月	10月
光照强度/[µmol/(m²_·s)]	无遮荫	1150.14±46.15a	1053.74±19.32a	1338.09±48.24a	962.82±68.08a
	低郁闭度	897.12±34.62b	728.77±17.04b	780.59±15.21b	681.8±63.32b
	中郁闭度	422.94±28.78c	619.96±15.88c	486.71±20.58c	376.66±9.69c
	高郁闭度	312.44±22.16d	529.61±19.52d	132.42±18.48d	83.31±8.39d
叶温/℃	无遮荫	28.9±0.18a	32.68±0.03a	31.26±0.08a	31.1±0.1a
	低郁闭度	28.34±0.13b	31.71±0.07b	30.14±0.24b	30.64±0.03b
	中郁闭度	27.64±0.1c	31.59±0.06bc	30.26±0.26b	28.44±0.13c
	高郁闭度	27.6±0.09c	31.48±0.05c	27.94±0.03c	30.3±0.01b
空气CO₂浓度/(µmol/mol)	无遮荫	432.61±0.44b	380.6±0.22d	427.87±0.88a	468.48±0.01a
	低郁闭度	434.12±0.3a	381.65±0.15c	391.13±2.33b	468.4±0.04c
	中郁闭度	431.45±0.16c	383.02±0.15b	392.44±4.18b	468.41±0.02b
	高郁闭度	432.61±0.33b	388.11±0.16a	429.97±0.25a	468.39±0.05a
空气相对湿度/%	无遮荫	56.28±0.24a	73.86±0.43a	54.03±0.19d	57.68±0.19c
	低郁闭度	55.05±0.35b	68.8±0.72b	57.52±0.86c	58.1±0.09bc
	中郁闭度	55.55±0.41ab	68.29±0.57b	62±1.47b	63.9±0.33a
	高郁闭度	55.67±0.35ab	65.94±0.47c	70.46±0.72a	59.15±0.03b
光合有效辐射/(W/m²)	无遮荫	206.71±5.3a	206.73±3.79a	237.04±2.62a	137.8±8.13a
	低郁闭度	177.57±4.03b	142.98±3.34b	165.38±0.44b	82.66±0.05b
	中郁闭度	146.63±5.99c	121.63±3.11c	122.38±8.43c	52.67±0.06c
	高郁闭度	118.61±6.76d	103.91±3.83d	33.05±0.15d	32.67±0.02d

指标	郁闭度	7月	8月	9月	10月
光照强度/[µmol/(m²_·s)]	无遮荫	1150.14±46.15a	1053.74±19.32a	1338.09±48.24a	962.82±68.08a
	低郁闭度	897.12±34.62b	728.77±17.04b	780.59±15.21b	681.8±63.32b
	中郁闭度	422.94±28.78c	619.96±15.88c	486.71±20.58c	376.66±9.69c
	高郁闭度	312.44±22.16d	529.61±19.52d	132.42±18.48d	83.31±8.39d
叶温/℃	无遮荫	28.9±0.18a	32.68±0.03a	31.26±0.08a	31.1±0.1a
	低郁闭度	28.34±0.13b	31.71±0.07b	30.14±0.24b	30.64±0.03b
	中郁闭度	27.64±0.1c	31.59±0.06bc	30.26±0.26b	28.44±0.13c
	高郁闭度	27.6±0.09c	31.48±0.05c	27.94±0.03c	30.3±0.01b
空气CO₂浓度/(µmol/mol)	无遮荫	432.61±0.44b	380.6±0.22d	427.87±0.88a	468.48±0.01a
	低郁闭度	434.12±0.3a	381.65±0.15c	391.13±2.33b	468.4±0.04c
	中郁闭度	431.45±0.16c	383.02±0.15b	392.44±4.18b	468.41±0.02b
	高郁闭度	432.61±0.33b	388.11±0.16a	429.97±0.25a	468.39±0.05a
空气相对湿度/%	无遮荫	56.28±0.24a	73.86±0.43a	54.03±0.19d	57.68±0.19c
	低郁闭度	55.05±0.35b	68.8±0.72b	57.52±0.86c	58.1±0.09bc
	中郁闭度	55.55±0.41ab	68.29±0.57b	62±1.47b	63.9±0.33a
	高郁闭度	55.67±0.35ab	65.94±0.47c	70.46±0.72a	59.15±0.03b
光合有效辐射/(W/m²)	无遮荫	206.71±5.3a	206.73±3.79a	237.04±2.62a	137.8±8.13a
	低郁闭度	177.57±4.03b	142.98±3.34b	165.38±0.44b	82.66±0.05b
	中郁闭度	146.63±5.99c	121.63±3.11c	122.38±8.43c	52.67±0.06c
	高郁闭度	118.61±6.76d	103.91±3.83d	33.05±0.15d	32.67±0.02d

	光照强度	叶温	空气CO₂浓度	空气相对湿度	光合有效辐射	Pn	Tr	Ci	Gs
光照强度	1
叶温	0.064	1
空气CO₂浓度	0.206	-0.381	1
空气相对湿度	-0.068	0.442	0.304	1
光合有效辐射	0.492	0.243	0.350	0.158	1
Pn	0.690^**	0.626^**	-0.861^**	0.717^**	0.736^**	1
Tr	-0.024	-0.528^**	-0.526^**	-0.496^**	0.548^**	0.559^**	1
Ci	-0.003	-0.012	0.026	0.005	-0.019	-0.048	-0.031	1
Gs	-0.556^**	-0.509^**	0.002	0.507^**	0.028	0.153	0.633^**	-0.009	1

	光照强度	叶温	空气CO₂浓度	空气相对湿度	光合有效辐射	Pn	Tr	Ci	Gs
光照强度	1
叶温	0.064	1
空气CO₂浓度	0.206	-0.381	1
空气相对湿度	-0.068	0.442	0.304	1
光合有效辐射	0.492	0.243	0.350	0.158	1
Pn	0.690^**	0.626^**	-0.861^**	0.717^**	0.736^**	1
Tr	-0.024	-0.528^**	-0.526^**	-0.496^**	0.548^**	0.559^**	1
Ci	-0.003	-0.012	0.026	0.005	-0.019	-0.048	-0.031	1
Gs	-0.556^**	-0.509^**	0.002	0.507^**	0.028	0.153	0.633^**	-0.009	1

参数	产量	黄酮含量	叶绿素a含量	叶绿素b含量	叶绿素总含量
Pn	0.770^**	-0.676^*	0.545^*	0.545^*	0.576^**
Tr	0.573	-0.265	0.152	0.091	0.121
Ci	0.286	0.063	-0.152	-0.212	-0.182
Gs	0.666^*	-0.379	0.091	0.030	0.061