Abstract: To set up a new identification and analysis method of Cymbidium goeringii(Rchb.f)Rchb．f based on the level of gene has broken through the restriction of the traditional method. AFLP fingerprinting analysis on 18 rare varieties of Cymbidium goeringii(Rchb.f)Rchb.f was carried out .16 primer-pairs were screened out and amplified 345 nucleotide acid fragments in the 18 rare varieties of Cymbidium goeringii(Rchb.f)Rchb.f, which the polymorphism rate was about 48.99 %, the average bands amplified by each primer-pair were 21.6. The different combination of polymorphic bands can distinguish the 18 rare Cymbidium varieties, and can be used to identify 18 rare varieties of Cymbidium goeringii(Rchb.f)Rchb.f.