Current issue

• 2021 Vol.37 No.21 Published:25 July 2021

  National Certified Maize Varieties During 1999-2018: Analysis of Genetic Yield Gain and Yield Potential Lu Shi, Li Mu, Gao Tingting, Wang Min, Meng Lingcong, Zheng Shubo, Lu Ming, Liu Wenguo 2021, 37 (21):  1-7.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2020-0357 Abstract + ( 501 )   HTML ( 20 )   PDF ( 1259KB )   ( 127 ) In order to ensure the continuous increase of maize yield, we studied the genetic yield gain and yield improvement potential of maize varieties in China from 1999 to 2018. Based on the large data platform of China Seed Industry and data of China National Bureau of Statistics, we analyzed the genetic yield gain and yield potential of national certified varieties over the last two decades. The results showed that totally 933 maize varieties were registered by the large data platform over the last two decades, the average unit yield was 9984.9 kg/hm2, and the annual genetic yield gain rate was 185.73 kg/hm2. The actual maize average unit yield in China was 5432.96 kg/hm2, which realized 54.41% of the yield potential of the national certified varieties. The regression equation between national certified varieties’ regional test unit yield and actually unit yield was y=0.3728x+1710.5, the yield of national certified varieties increased by 1 kg/hm2 in regional trail, the actual cultivation yield could increase about 0.3728 kg/hm2.

  Effects of Different Film-mulching Planting Modes on Growth, Development, Yield and Water Use Efficiency of Dryland Soybean in the Semiarid Area of Gansu, China Wang Liming, Chen Guangrong, Yang Ruping, Zhang Guohong, Yang Fengke 2021, 37 (21):  8-14.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2020-0343 Abstract + ( 357 )   HTML ( 14 )   PDF ( 1245KB )   ( 98 ) In view of the problems of less annual precipitation, uneven seasonal distribution and severe spring drought during soybean production in the dry areas of eastern Gansu Province, a 4-year consecutive field experiment with 5 treatments of: (1) flat planting without plastic film mulching (NM, save as control); (2) full film mulched double ridge-furrow planting (FFRF); (3) half plastic film mulching on ridge and planting in furrows (HFRF); (4) half plastic film mulching with flat planting (NF); and (5) plastic film mulching on ridge and planting in ridge-side (PS), was carried out during 2014-2017, to study the effects of different mulching and planting modes on the growth, development, yield and water use efficiency of dryland soybean. Research results showed that FFRF advanced the seedling germinate date by 5 days, reduced the growth period by 12 days, thus greatly enhanced the growth and development process of dryland soybean. The soybean plant height, leaf area index and dry matter accumulation amount in all stages of the whole growth period increased significantly and were highly higher than that of the other treatments. Meanwhile, FFRF could coordinate the relationship between the vegetative and the reproductive growth, increase the aboveground biomass, facilitate the transfer and distribution of the photosynthetic product to the grain, which is favorable to grain filling and high yield. In addition, the average yield and water use efficiency of soybean for FFRF were 2680.8 kg/hm2 and 7.30 kg/(mm·hm2), which were 40.9% and 53.4% higher than that of NM in the 4 consecutive test years, respectively. Therefore, FFRF can be used as a high-yield cultivation mode of dryland soybean production and is of great significance to improving soybean precipitation utilization efficiency and the creation of high-yield field in eastern Gansu.

  Quality Change of Cotton Boll in Different Development Stages Li Jiangfeng, Erhemaiti·Halike , Wang Daguang, Zhang Xiaolong, Li Jie, Lou Shanwei 2021, 37 (21):  15-19.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2020-0638 Abstract + ( 391 )   HTML ( 16 )   PDF ( 1129KB )   ( 51 ) To explore the changes of weight and quality of cotton bolls in the development process, cotton bolls of different stages were selected for analysis. The results show that: under the normal planting mode, the boll weight of upper (7th and above), middle (4th-6th) and lower (1st-3rd) fruiting branches are different, the boll weight in the middle part is the highest, followed by that in the lower part, and that in the upper part is the lowest, with the maximum difference of 1.6 g; during the development process of cotton boll, the weight of seed cotton, boll shell and lint cotton increase the fastest in 40-50 days after anthesis, and could reach the maximum in 70 days after anthesis, while the lint percentage could reach the maximum after 55 days of flowering. Among the fiber quality indexes, except that the short fiber content has a continuous decreasing trend, which is the greatest after 45 to 55 days of flowering, the other indexes present an overall increasing trend during the boll development process. However, the length, uniformity and elongation at break could reach the highest value at 65, 70 and 60 days after anthesis, respectively, with a decreasing trend. In conclusion, cotton bolls development process does not need to be as long as possible, 70 days after flowering, the boll weight, lint, length, strength, uniformity and other indexes will be reduced, which is not conducive to the improvement of cotton quality.

  Iron Enrichment and Sugar Beet Seedlings: Effect on the Growth and Protection System Geng Gui, Wang Gang, Dong Yinzhuang, Fan Guokai, Yu Lihua, Wang Yuguang 2021, 37 (21):  20-27.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2020-0792 Abstract + ( 372 )   HTML ( 14 )   PDF ( 1448KB )   ( 58 ) To study the effect of iron enrichment on the growth and physiological changes of sugar beet seedlings, a hydroponic experiment was carried out with 7 treatments (0.06, 0.12, 0.24, 0.48, 0.96, 1.92 and 3.84 mmol/L with 6 repeats). The changes of various physiological indexes of sugar beet seedlings were determined and analyzed under different concentrations of Fe2+. The results showed that along with the increase of Fe2+ stress concentration, the growth of sugar beet was inhibited, the leaf area of the above-ground part decreased, the relative electrical conductivity of the leaf increased, and the relative water content decreased. The underground part showed that the root system became shorter, the area became smaller, and the color turned darker. At the same time, the antioxidant enzyme activity of sugar beet plants increased under high iron stress, and the accumulation of soluble sugar and proline involved in osmotic regulation increased to varying degrees. With the increase of Fe2+, the changing trend first increased and then decreased, and reached the maximum when the Fe2+ stress concentration was 0.96 mmol/L. The results indicate that the antioxidant enzymes and osmotic regulators of sugar beet plants play an important regulatory role in high concentration of iron stress, but when the Fe2+concentration exceeds a certain level, this regulatory mechanism could be significantly inhibited.

  Leaf Color Quantification and Landscape Application of Ever-colored Leaf Garden Plants in Guiyang Yang Jie, Wang Xiurong, Di Gaoman, Li Changji 2021, 37 (21):  28-39.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2020-0630 Abstract + ( 350 )   HTML ( 7 )   PDF ( 2558KB )   ( 46 ) The study aims to have an in-depth understanding of the color attribute characteristics and application status of ever-colored leaf plants, and advance quantitative methods, thus further obtain color quantitative data through quantitative research on common green color leaf plants, and better present the color landscape of urban green space. We investigated the ever-colored leaf garden plants in the green space of Guiyang, studied the typical leaf color through RHS color chart and leaf sampling scan, used Matlab software to extract and cluster data, quantitatively analyzed the color and color attribute characteristics of leaves of the ever-colored leaf plants with the HSB mode, and carried out the landscape application of the plants. The results show that there are 54 species of ever-colored leaf garden plants in Guiyang, belonging to 33 families and 49 genera, 22 species of monochromatic leaf plants, 5 color systems and 19 typical colors. There are 2 species of double-colored leaf plants with 4 typical colors and 2 color systems. There are 30 species of variegated leaf plants with 4 color systems and 17 typical colors. There are 37 kinds of plants in yellow and red, those in neutral and cool colors are less; the lightness and chroma range of plant colors are large, and most plants are medium and high lightness and chroma; main color matching methods include single plant color, similar color, contrast color and multi-color matching. In the survey, it is found that the plant types and colors are too monotonous, a few types are frequently used, and there is a lack of orange and blue-violet leaf plants, which are recommended for more application to balance the color matching of plants.

  Effects of Transformation on Soil Nutrients and Fruit Quality of ‘Xinghuayin’ Pear Orchard Peng Cheng, Meng Wancong, Deng Linping, Chang Xiaoxiao, Luo Jianliang, Chen Zhe, Qiu Jishui, Lin Zhixiong, Lu Yusheng 2021, 37 (21):  40-45.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2020-0608 Abstract + ( 211 )   HTML ( 11 )   PDF ( 1125KB )   ( 36 ) To enhance the fruit quality and commodity value of ‘Xinghuayin’ pear, using orchards before and after transformation as research objects, we deeply ploughed the orchards using combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizer, and studied the changes of soil nutrient, soil microbe, soil enzyme activities, fruit basic quality, fruit anino acids and fruit aroma component. The results showed that after the combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizer, the content of available P and available K, the microbe quantity, the activity of sucrase, the activity of peroxidase, the content of total animo acid, the content of esters in aroma substance were increased by 63.79%, 252.30%, 203.43%, 202.18%, 100.00%, 78.22% and 524.92%, respectively. Each index had significant difference between treatments with and without bio-organic fertilizer (P<0.05). The research indicates that the combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizer could significantly improve soil nutrient contents and fruit quality.

  Planting Pleurotus Ostreatus with Peach Sawdust: Formular and Technology Xiong Jiaying, Ding Hongwei, Chen Qingjun, Zhang Guoqing, Liu Guiping 2021, 37 (21):  46-53.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0053 Abstract + ( 375 )   HTML ( 8 )   PDF ( 1489KB )   ( 50 ) The effects of different peach sawdust formulas and cultivation techniques on the growth of Pleurotus ostreatus were studied to provide a basis for the resource utilization of peach sawdust. This paper used cottonseed hull and corn cob (1:1) formula as control, adopted the rod-making technique of adding 55% and 70% peach sawdust combined with clinker and fermented material of short-term high temperature (short for fermented material), to explore the physical and chemical properties of substrate, the dynamic of lignocellulose and related enzyme activities during the cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus Huimei No.2, as well as the effects of sawdust addition on agronomic traits and quality of Pleurotus ostreatus fruiting bodies. The moisture content of the culture material with peach sawdust as the main ingredient was lost more in the later period. The pH value, ash content and nitrogen content of the fermented material were slightly higher than those of the clinker. The cellulase activity and xylanase activity of the culture material added with peach sawdust were significantly increased, and the culture material with fermented process showed higher laccase activity from full bag of mycelium to first flush stage. The single weight of Pleurotus ostreatus in the clinker process is greater than that in the fermented process. The pileus diameter in the formula of adding sawdust was greater than that in the control formula. The thickness of pileus, diameter of stipe and single longitudinal and transverse longitude had little significant change in different formulas and processes, and the S-5 formula with 55% sawdust had better agronomic indicators such as single weight, branch number, and pileus diameter. As to the formula of adding 55% sawdust, the yield of the first and second flush was higher by using clinker and fermented material. The bioconversion efficiency was 63.1% and 60.1% respectively. As to the formular of adding sawdust to 70%, the yield of the first and second flush decreased by 18.7% and 28.6% respectively. There was no significant difference in crude protein content of fruiting bodies between the two formulas, and the content range was 19%-21%. The formula of peach sawdust can significantly improve the total amino acid content of fruiting bodies, and the addition of sawdust to 70% can also significantly improve the crude fat content of fruiting bodies. The ideal yield and quality of Pleurotus ostreatus can be obtained by adding 55% peach sawdust with clinker or fermented materials of short-term high-temperature.

  Crop Straw Returning: A Review Chen Wanhua, Yuan Wei, Wang Ziyang, Zhou Zhengping, Liu Shiping 2021, 37 (21):  54-58.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2020-0545 Abstract + ( 503 )   HTML ( 10 )   PDF ( 1006KB )   ( 205 ) Crop straw returning is an important technical way to increase soil fertility, which can effectively solve the environmental problems caused by straw waste and field straw burning. In order to study the technology of straw returning and use straw returning efficiently and rationally, this study reviewed the current situations of the utilization of crop straw resources, the approach of straw returning, and the common technical modes and applications of straw returning. The effects of crop straw returning on the ecological environment of farmland and crop yield were elucidated. This study also analyzed the advantages and disadvantages of straw returning and proposed the directions of future research, and then pointed out that the key to the future development of crop straw returning is to combine agronomy with agricultural machinery.

  The Role of Straw Biochar in Farmland: A Review Zhang Meizhi, Geng Yuhan, Zhang Wei, Lin Xin, Wen Jiaxu, Chen Xueli, Xiao Yang 2021, 37 (21):  59-65.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2020-0616 Abstract + ( 332 )   HTML ( 8 )   PDF ( 1228KB )   ( 83 ) Biochar, as a kind of soil conditioner, can improve the physical structure of soil, enhance the efficiency of soil nutrient transformation and alleviate soil degradation caused by unreasonable production system. It is of great significance to promote agricultural production, ensure national food security and improve the sustainable utilization of soil resources. This paper analyzes the research results of domestic and foreign experts on the application of straw biochar in farmland, and puts forward the research direction in the future, aiming to provide theoretical support for the application of biochar in agricultural production. The effects of biochar with different materials and pyrolysis temperature on soil physical and chemical properties and crop growth are discussed by consulting and analyzing relevant literature and materials. At present, a large number of experiments have been carried out on the application of biochar in improving soil quality and productivity at home and abroad. Although some achievements have been made, a complete theoretical system has not been formed to elaborate the influence of biochar production mode and application rate in agricultural production. Soil has a complex environment, and many factors play a role in conflict. The interaction between soil and biochar has not been fully understood. In the future, we can adjust the experimental design to maximize the performance of biochar.

  Effect of Adding External Materials on Straw Degradation Wang Tingyun, Zhang Congzhi, Zhang Jiabao, Zhao Zhanhui, Chen Jinlin 2021, 37 (21):  66-74.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2020-0646 Abstract + ( 277 )   HTML ( 8 )   PDF ( 1293KB )   ( 48 ) Returning straw to the field is one of the effective ways of straw utilization. However, the amount of straw produced in the field is large and the degradation is slow. The addition of external materials is of great significance to accelerate the degradation of straw and promote the release of nutrients. Based on the mesh bag method, this study analyzed the effects of adding biochemical fulvic acid and microfiber rock wool on straw degradation, soil carbon, nitrogen nutrients and crop growth, and set up 3 gradients of external material input, including soil weight of 0.5%, 1%, and 2%, respectively. 7 treatments were conducted, namely, only straw (CK), straw+0.5% biochemical fulvic acid (T1), straw+1% biochemical fulvic acid (T2), straw+2% biochemical fulvic acid (T3), straw+0.5% microfiber rock wool (T4), straw+1% microfiber rock wool (T5), and straw+2% microfiber rock wool (T6). The results are as follows. (1) The straw degradation of each treatment with biochemical fulvic acid is slow in the first 100 days and then the degradation rate is faster; the degradation efficiency and degradation rate are inversely proportional to the concentration; after 360 days, the degradation rate reaches 75.97%-82.60%, and there is no significant difference among the treatments. The nitrogen release rate takes 100 days as the turning point; the nitrogen release rate of each treatment reaches 71.51%-74.75% at 360 days. Compared with CK, the treatments with biochemical fulvic acid could reduce soil bulk density by 19.85%-30.53%, increase soil total porosity by 19.57%-26.09%, and improve soil carbon and nitrogen content. Except T1 treatment, other treatments could inhibit crop growth. (2) Microfiber rock wool could accelerate the degradation of corn and release nitrogen rapidly (except T4) in all periods, reaching 63.60%-78.13% in 360 days. Compared with CK, the soil bulk density could be reduced by 24.43%-29.77%, the total soil porosity could be increased by 21.74%-26.09%, the soil carbon and nitrogen content are significantly increased, to effectively increase corn yield and promote root development. To a certain extent, both materials could accelerate straw degradation, promote nutrient release, and increase soil carbon and nitrogen content. The growth of crop is significantly influenced by the material concentration. The overall effect of adding microfiber rock wool is better than that of adding biochemical fulvic acid, with appropriate soil weight of 0.5%, 1%.

  The Application Situation and Development Trend of Organic Liquid Fertilizer in China Li Si, Gong Yao, Zhan Baocheng, Li Youli, Wang Lichun, Guo Wenzhong 2021, 37 (21):  75-79.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2020-0678 Abstract + ( 297 )   HTML ( 9 )   PDF ( 1044KB )   ( 66 ) Organic liquid fertilizer is an important source of organic fertilizer and it is widely used in agricultural production in China. It is rich in nutrients and beneficial microorganisms, which puts fertilizer effect and drug efficacy together, and plays a positive role in promoting crop growth and fruit quality formation. Due to the fluidity and bioactivity of organic liquid fertilizer, the transportation and storage of organic liquid fertilizer are limited. So its application is affected. This paper discussed the efficacy, kinds, producing, application methods and effects of organic liquid fertilizer in detail. The advantages and disadvantages of organic liquid fertilizer in agricultural production were analyzed. What’s more, development suggestions were put forward in view of the existing problems, to provide ideas for promoting the application of organic liquid fertilizer in modern agricultural production.

  Research Status and Progress of Erosion Gully on Slope Farmland in Black Soil Region of Northeast China Geng Yuhan, Xiao Yang, Zhang Meizhi, Wang Yan, Zhang Zhenye, Zhang Ruihao 2021, 37 (21):  80-85.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2020-0583 Abstract + ( 381 )   HTML ( 18 )   PDF ( 1212KB )   ( 150 ) The erosion gully has caused a large amount of soil loss on the sloping farmland in the black soil area of northeast China. Research on the erosion gullies on the sloping farmland in the black soil area is of great significance for soil erosion control, farmland protection and ecological restoration. At present, relevant researches had been carried out on the influencing factors, prediction and prevention measures of the occurrence and development of erosion gullies on slope farmland in black soil area. This article conducted an in-depth discussion on the current research, and pointed out that the current classification of erosion gullies in black soil areas lacked detailed standard classification basis, and the research on the influence factors was not comprehensive enough, and there was a lack of effective quantitative evaluation on the economic and ecological benefits of erosion ditch management and the effect differences of various treatment measures. In view of the existing research deficiencies, the study proposed that future research should be focused on standardizing the classification and grading system of erosion gullies in the black soil area, the influence of factors such as soil, plants, engineering measures and farming measures on the erosion gullies, and the quantitative evaluation of the effects of erosion gully control measures.

  Research Progress of Organic Carbon in Soil Aggregates Zhu Kunheng, Duan Liangxia, Li Yuanchen, Li Zhenwei 2021, 37 (21):  86-90.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2020-0604 Abstract + ( 1135 )   HTML ( 25 )   PDF ( 1065KB )   ( 193 ) Soil organic carbon is an important index to measure soil fertility and plays an important role in promoting soil nutrient cycling and increasing nutrient availability. Soil aggregate is the important component of the soil and the minimum unit of soil structure, influenced by natural factors and human factors, its formation process is closely related to soil carbon process, thus research the relationship between soil aggregate and organic carbon and aggregate organic carbon influencing factors for the improvement of soil structure and soil quality is of great significance. Based on the literature summary, we clarified the relationship between soil aggregate and organic carbon, elaborated the influence of soil type, fertilization method, land utilization and reclamation of mining area on soil aggregate organic carbon, and discussed soil aggregate organic carbon from the perspectives of long-term positioning research of the biomass carbon and soil reclamation of the mining area, the results could provide a scientific basis for agricultural production.

  Soil Properties and Economic Properties of Codonopsis pilosula in Main Production Areas Fan Chongxiu, Li Huaide, Cui Tongxia, Yao Youxu, Hui Heping, Cai Wei 2021, 37 (21):  91-97.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2020-0542 Abstract + ( 258 )   HTML ( 9 )   PDF ( 1226KB )   ( 34 ) To study soil physical and chemical properties and economic properties of Codonopsis pilosula in main production areas, Codonopsis pilosula and its planting soil were investigated for two consecutive years at 21 sites in Gansu, including Tanchang, Lintao, Weiyuan, Min County, Longxi, Zhang County and Tongwei. The results showed that the main production areas of C. pilosula were in 103°35'—105°26' N, 33°57'—37°58' E, and altitude of 1708.4-2488.6 m. The average content of soil organic matter was 9.25-17.50 g/kg, which was generally low, and the lowest was found in Lintao. The average content of soil alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen was 19.56-39.96 mg/kg, the content of soil alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen was extremely low in Longxi. The content of available phosphorus in soil was more than 10 mg/kg, and the average content of available potassium was 80.73-128.40 mg/kg. The soil available potassium content was low to medium in Weiyuan and Min County, and that in other counties were medium to high level. The soil pH was more than 7.5 in all counties, belonging to slightly alkaline and alkaline soil. The Codonopsis pilosula produced in Min County had the highest yield, the longest and thickest root, and the best commercial quality.

  Effects of Liming on Formation of Mineral-associated Organic Carbon in Acidic Soil Wu Bin, Xu Jingjing, Cheng Yanhong, Ye Chenglong, Hu Shuijin 2021, 37 (21):  98-105.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2020-0558 Abstract + ( 421 )   HTML ( 12 )   PDF ( 1276KB )   ( 56 ) To understand how liming affects mineral-associated organic carbon (C) and promote organic C sequestration in acidic soils, the authors synthesized the published data in the literature and conducted a laboratory incubation to explore the potential mechanism of mineral-associated C formation in response to liming in acidic soils. The results showed that liming promoted the formation of mineral-associated organic C in most published studies. Our laboratory incubation experiment found that liming significantly promoted straw decomposition and increased microbial biomass C, which could be one of the main mechanisms that contribute to the formation of mineral-associated C. In addition, our laboratory incubation also found that liming reduced the formation of iron/aluminum-bound C, while it promoted the formation of calcium-bound C. Together, these results suggested that the application of lime in acidic soils could promote the formation of mineral-associated organic C, but might change the relative contents of organic C associated with different chemical bonds.

  ISSR Molecular Markers in Loquat: Research Progress Liu Xiaoying, Huang Feilong, Liu Guoqiang, Zhang Younan 2021, 37 (21):  106-110.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2020-0644 Abstract + ( 344 )   HTML ( 7 )   PDF ( 1051KB )   ( 103 ) The traditional marker techniques of loquat have some limitations, such as less information, limited sampling site, unable to get early identification, human factors affecting the identification results. ISSR is favored by researchers because of high polymorphism, low experimental cost, relatively simple operation, high stability and co-dominance. This paper summarized the principle, advantages and disadvantages of ISSR, and summarized the progress of ISSR in loquat species identification, genetic variation analysis, classification, and fingerprint construction. It is found that the application of ISSR in loquat is less and the research depth is not enough. In the future, we believe that ISSR can be an indispensable molecular marker technology in loquat breeding research by improving the accuracy of ISSR, extending the depth and breadth of ISSR in loquat, strengthening the joint application of ISSR, and promoting the cooperation and communication between research teams.

  Flax Genome Association Analysis: A Review Lu Meiguang, Duan Haiyan, Jiang Gonghao 2021, 37 (21):  111-118.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0093 Abstract + ( 278 )   HTML ( 10 )   PDF ( 1143KB )   ( 42 ) Genome wide association study (GWAS) is a method by applying single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) to find genetic variation that affect complex traits at the genome-wide level. In order to strengthen the application of GWAS in flax breeding, in this article, its advantages and analysis process were summarized, the marker sites and candidate genes located by GWAS at home or abroad in recent years were enumerated, which were about the yield-related traits and quality-related traits of flax. The research status of flax powdery mildew and the related research of other crops in GWAS were concluded. The future development trend of GWAS in flax breeding and disease resistance was discussed. The study could provide a theoretical basis for GWAS in flax research.

  Transcription Factor BvM14-Dof 3.4 in Response to Salt Stress: Functional Study Du Xiaoxue, Huang Yuanyuan, Ma Chunquan, Li Haiying 2021, 37 (21):  119-125.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0262 Abstract + ( 324 )   HTML ( 7 )   PDF ( 1676KB )   ( 45 ) Dof family transcription factors are plant specific transcription factors, which play an important role in stress response, seed germination, nitrogen assimilation, photosynthesis and other biological processes. In order to explore the biological function of transcription factor BvM14-Dof3.4 in response to salt stress, the sugar beet M14 line with strong salt tolerance was used as the experimental material. The BvM14-Dof3.4 gene was heterologously expressed in wild type Arabidopsis thaliana by inflorescence impregnation. After 150 mmol/L NaCl treatment, it was found that the root growth of transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana under salt stress was promoted, the fresh and dry weight was increased by the heterologous expression of BvM14-Dof3.4 gene; the K+/Na+ ratio, the content of betaine and the enzyme activities of SOD and POD in heterologous expression plants were increased by 1.3 fold, 1.1 fold and 1.2 fold, respectively compared with the wild type Arabidopsis thaliana, which reduced the damage of heterologous expression Arabidopsis plants caused by salt stress. These results showed that BvM14-Dof3.4 gene was responsive to salt stress and the heterologous expression of BvM14-Dof3.4 gene could improve the salt tolerance of Arabidopsis thaliana. The study is of great significance for the mining of high quality gene resources of sugar beet M14 and the genetic improvement of stress resistance of cultivated sugar beet.

  BvHIPP24 Characterization of Energy Beet and Its Function Analysis in Yeast Under Cadmium Stress Gao Zhuo, Tan Yiwen, Wei Duo, Wang Jinxia, Wang Man, Zhou Wanting, Liu Dali, Lu Zhenqiang 2021, 37 (21):  126-133.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2020-0674 Abstract + ( 284 )   HTML ( 9 )   PDF ( 2496KB )   ( 40 ) To further study the detoxification mechanism of heavy metal-associated isoprenylated plant proteins under heavy metal stress, the cloning of BvHIPP24 gene and its function analysis in yeast under cadmium stress were conducted. The energy sugar beet was used as material and BvHIPP24 gene was cloned by RT-PCR. BvHIPP24 gene was analyzed by bioinformatics. The recombinant plasmid pYES2-BvHIPP24 was constructed using yeast expression vector and transformed into Saccharomyces cerevisiae InVSc1, and the response of BvHIPP24 gene to cadmium stress was studied in eukaryotic yeast cells. Bioinformatics analysis showed that the CDS of BBvHIPP24 gene was 444 bp, encoding 147 amino acids. Its protein molecular weight was 16377.34 Da, and isoelectric point was 9.39. It was a hydrophilic protein, which did not contain transmembrane region and was located in chloroplasts. Conservative domain analysis showed that the gene had a HMA domain. The analysis of phylogenetic tree showed that BvHIPP24 protein and BvHIPP23 protein in energy sugar beet had a close relationship. Under 0.5 mmol/L CdCl2 stress, compared with the control strain, the recombinant bacteria expressing BvHIPP24 had a significantly better growth trend, and had relatively higher Cd tolerance. These results indicate that BvHIPP24 gene in energy sugar beet plays an important role in detoxification under cadmium stress, and might be involved in the process of cell heavy metal ion absorption, transport and metabolic balance directly or indirectly.

  5 Polygonum tinctorium Ait. Populations: Genetic Diversity Analysis Based on ISSR Marker Xu Ming, Wang Qiong, Li Dongling, Zheng Yuhong, Xu Zenglai 2021, 37 (21):  134-139.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2020-0765 Abstract + ( 316 )   HTML ( 7 )   PDF ( 1404KB )   ( 41 ) The research aims at analyzing genetic diversity and relationship of 5 Polygonum tinctorium Ait. populations, and providing molecular references to the germplasm resources protection, exploitation and utilization of P. tinctorium Ait.. 5 P. tinctorium Ait. populations were used as materials. The genetic diversity was studied by simple inter-sequence repeat (ISSR) makers. The software Popgene 32 was used to analyze the amplification results, and the NTsys2.10e was used to construct a cluster map according to the unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic means (UPGMA). The results showed that a total of 155 loci were amplified by 23 primers, of which 148 were polymorphic loci; the Nei's genetic diversity coefficient (H) was 0.3538, Shannon's Information index (I) was 0.5234, the coefficient of genetic differentiation (Gst) was 0.4096, and the gene flow (Nm) was 0.7206. Taking the genetic distance 0.234 as a threshold, the 5 populations were divided into three groups, among which the Japanese population was different from others. The results indicate that the genetic difference among the populations of P. tinctorium Ait. is related to the geographical distance. This study could provide a theoretical basis for the genetic diversity of P. tinctorium Ait. and the protection and utilization of germplasm resources.

  Identification of Sweet Potato Root-knot Nematodes in Guangdong Province Luo Mei, Chen Xinyu, Zhang Xinxin, Chen Shengyong, Dong Zhangyong, Huang Lifei 2021, 37 (21):  140-144.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2020-0779 Abstract + ( 402 )   HTML ( 6 )   PDF ( 1843KB )   ( 91 ) In order to investigate the occurrence of root knot nematode disease of sweet potato in Guangdong Province, routine method was used for dissection of sweet potato root-knot nematodes, then the morphological and molecular identification of the nematodes were carried out. Root knot nematodes were isolated from the sweet potato pieces with obvious root knots happened in Lufeng and Haifeng in east Guangdong and Suixi, Wuchuan, Lianjiang and Leizhou in west Guangdong. The morphological characters of the 2nd larvae, female adults, and perineal pattern characteristics were observed, and the root knot nematode identification primers were used to obtain a band about 750 bp. The study indicates that Meloidogyne enterolobii causes the damage of sweet potato pieces in Guangdong Province, and the increasing damage of this disease year by year has become a potential threat to the sweet potato industry.

  Application Evaluation of a Modified McMaster Egg Counting Plate Han Lifang, Zou Junping, Xie Yuehua, Liu Yiyang, Yan Wenchao 2021, 37 (21):  145-150.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2020-0497 Abstract + ( 669 )   HTML ( 13 )   PDF ( 1271KB )   ( 35 ) To evaluate the performance of modified McMaster egg counting plate developed in our lab, fecal samples of rabbits and oocyst suspension of Eimeria tenella were examined and counted using both classic and modified McMaster egg counting plates. The results of floating methods with saturated sodium chloride solution showed that the numbers of oocysts in rabbit fecal samples (2-5 g) and oocyst suspension were precisely counted using the modified McMaster plate. The coincidence rate with the results of classic McMaster plate was 95.59%-99.49%. In the precipitation experiment with tap water, the oocyst numbers in rabbit fecal samples (0.3-0.5 g) and oocyst suspension were also precisely counted using the modified McMaster plate. These findings suggest that the modified McMaster egg counting plate could be used to count the oocyst or egg number in fecal specimen and suspensions in labs, and is more powerful in counting functions than the classic McMaster plate.

  Dynamic Analysis of Landscape Pattern at Village Level in Qingyazhai Reserve: Participatory Interview Based on the 3D e-Sandbox Liang Shijie, Li Liangtao, Zhang Xiaohua, Wang Yao, Zhou Yuekang, Ma Chuanyu 2021, 37 (21):  151-159.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2020-0626 Abstract + ( 285 )   HTML ( 6 )   PDF ( 2160KB )   ( 43 ) To reveal the dynamic change characteristics of the village landscape pattern in Qingyazhai Nature Reserve and provide reference cases for the scientific management of the reserve’s village area, this paper took Dahuizhuang village in the reserve’s experimental area as an example, studied its historical landscape pattern in 1995, 2006 and 2016 by using participatory interviews and Agisoft PhotoScan Professional and Fragstats software based on a 3D e-Sandbox. The results showed that: (1) through the calculation of landscape type area in the three periods of Dahuizhuang village, the forest land, building land and water area increased by 8.00, 1.79 and 1.95 hm2, respectively, from 1995 to 2006, the cultivated land, grassland and unused land decreased by 9.81, 0.37 and 1.56 hm2, respectively; (2) at the landscape level, the landscape connectivity of Dahuizhuang village decreased, but the overall internal structure was closely connected, the degree of fragmentation gradually decreased, the oneness decreased, and the landscape diversity was restored; (3) among the driving factors, the natural factors were not the only condition that affected the change of landscape pattern in the research area, the socio-economic level and policy also played important roles. This study demonstrates that participatory interviews based on a 3D e-Sandbox could guide the restoration of the historical landscape pattern in village area and effectively remove the barriers in direct communication with the villagers.

  Research on E-commerce Poverty Alleviation Strategy in Heilongjiang Province Under the Background of Rural Revitalization Xu Xiao 2021, 37 (21):  160-164.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2020-0665 Abstract + ( 375 )   HTML ( 8 )   PDF ( 1106KB )   ( 86 ) E-commerce poverty alleviation is an innovative poverty alleviation method which can promotes the development of impoverished areas. As the northernmost agricultural province in China, Heilongjiang Province, on the one hand, has a certain degree of rural poverty, on the other hand, the advantages of a good ecological environment and abundant resources of green agricultural products. Therefore, it is very suitable for implementing targeted poverty alleviation through E-commerce. Through a comprehensive and systematic analysis of the current situation of rural E-commerce poverty alleviation in Heilongjiang Province, it is found that there are some problems such as the “relying on others” thinking of farmers, the lack of leading talents in the E-commerce industry, the low degree of standardization of agricultural products and the relative lack of infrastructure. The study puts forward some suggestions such as improving the awareness of poor households in E-commerce poverty alleviation, cultivating leading talents in rural E-commerce, establishing well-known brands of local agricultural products and improving infrastructure for the further development of E-commerce poverty alleviation in Heilongjiang Province.