Current issue

• 2021 Vol.37 No.33 Published:25 November 2021

  Rice Production in Guangdong Province in Post-Epidemic Era: Current Situation and Countermeasures Huang Zhanghui, Li Mengxing, Huang Guangyi, Ke Da, Xiao Xin 2021, 37 (33):  1-7.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0685 Abstract + ( 582 )   HTML ( 10 )   PDF ( 1116KB )   ( 64 ) Guangdong is located in the subtropical zone with high temperature and long sunshine hours, which has natural climate conditions for high quality and high yield of rice, and a long history of rice cultivation. As one of China’s 13 major grain production areas, Guangdong has brilliant achievements named as the ‘Guangdong rice phenomenon’ since the dwarf varieties’ breeding. However, over the years, Guangdong has relatively high dependence on rice from other areas because the self-sufficiency rate of rice in Guangdong is just about 30%. With the outbreak of COVID-19, the rice security of Guangdong is affected to a certain degree. This study investigated the current situation of rice production in Guangdong and analyzed the existing problems by referring to relevant materials such as China Agricultural Statistical Yearbook, Guangdong Statistical Yearbook and Guangdong Rural Statistical Yearbook, et al. Suggestions were put forward to promote the development of rice industry through policy guidance, strengthening the breeding of breakthrough varieties, building a perfect extension and demonstration system, digitizing marketing channels and extending the value chain of rice.

  Regulation of Maize Starch: Research Progress Du Ming, Fang Yu, Li Qianlong, Kang Yunhai, Wang Hui, Zhang Conghe 2021, 37 (33):  8-14.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0133 Abstract + ( 408 )   HTML ( 9 )   PDF ( 1611KB )   ( 63 ) To well understand the function of key enzymes and regulatory mechanism in starch synthesis, we reviewed the starch structure, starch synthesis process, expression profiles and functional mechanism of transcription factors for starch synthesis, including DOF family, NAC family, MYB family, bZIP family, MADS-BOX and AP2/EREB family. Researches show that most of the transcription factors are expressed in maize endosperm, and a few are expressed in maize leaves. Furthermore, these transcription factors could regulate starch synthesis by binding to the promoters of starch syntheses encoding genes and key regulatory genes to affect their expression. In addition, sucrose/ABA and sucrose/IAA with transcription factors also coordinately regulate the starch synthesis. Collectively, this research will not only enrich the knowledge of the regulating mechanism in maize starch synthesis, but also supply reference for breeding new maize varieties.

  10 Sorghum Varieties of Different Ages in Shanxi Province: Grout Filling and Dehydration Rate Zhao Wenbo, Zhang Yizhong, Fan Xinqi, Zhang Xiaojuan, Nie Meng’en, Liang Du, Guo Qi, Yang Bin 2021, 37 (33):  15-22.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2020-0747 Abstract + ( 276 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF ( 1222KB )   ( 37 ) To study the variation rule of grain filling and dehydration rate of Shanxi sorghum varieties of different ages along with the change of age, 10 sorghum varieties of different ages were used as experimental materials. The water content, grain-filling and dehydration rate of the 10 sorghum hybrids of different ages were calculated according to the relevant statistical software and formulas, and the significance test was carried out for data analysis. The significance analysis showed that the grain wet weight and the grain dry weight and the grain moisture were significantly different among different models and different days. On the 45th day, most grain moisture was from 17% to 20%, and only that of ‘Jinza 4’ and ‘Kangsi’ were slightly low. The grain dry weight and the dehydration rate and grout filling rate did not change significantly among stages. The increasing rate of grain dry weight was the slowest in 25-35 days. With the change of age, the dehydration rate of each variety decreased gradually at mature stage. The grain filling rate of the 10 materials showed a downward trend in 25-35 days. The grain filling rates of the modern varieties were slightly higher than old varieties. Correlation analysis showed that the yield was significantly and negatively correlated with the dehydration rate in 35-45 days. Selecting varieties with faster grain filling rate at early middle stage and relatively fast grain dehydration rate at later stage was the key to improve grain quality and stable yield. ‘Jinza 1’, ‘Jinza 4’ and ‘Jinza 12’ are the varieties with faster grain-filling rate in this experiment.

  Fertilizer Proportions in the Loess Hilly Region: Effects on Biomass Distribution, Transformation, and Accumulation of Soybean Wang Xiaolin, Zhang Panpan, Ji Xiaoling, Zhang Jing, Zhang Xiong, Qiao Wenyuan 2021, 37 (33):  23-29.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0105 Abstract + ( 176 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF ( 1276KB )   ( 47 ) This study aims at expounding the effects of combined application of chemical fertilizer, organic fertilizer and microbial fertilizer on photosynthetic performance, biomass distribution and yield of soybean in the semi-arid region of the Loess Plateau. ‘Fendou 78’ was taken as the research object, and 6 treatments were adopted, including chemical fertilizer proportion application (N, NPK and 2NPK), chemical-organic combined application (NPK-O), chemical-microbial combined application (NPK-B) and the control. The association mechanism between leaf photosynthetic physiology and organs biomass accumulation, and between the distribution law and yield formation was analyzed. The results showed that: (1) SPAD, photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate were increased by 1.8%-5.3% at the flowering stage under 2NPK, NPK-O and NPK-B; water use efficiency of leaves was improved by 8.8%-19.3%; (2) stem and leaves biomass were significantly increased by 19.9%-46.3% under NPK、NPK-O and NPK-B; (3) NPK, 2NPK and NPK-B effectively regulated the biomass transformation between soybean pods and grains, the grain/pod rate and harvested index were obviously increased by 11.9% and 19.6%, respectively; (4) the yield of soybean was increased by 34.0% averagely under the optimized fertilizer application, the average growth rate of NPK-O was 41.3%, and the average growth rate of NPK-B was 36.8%. In conclusion, organic fertilizer and microbial fertilizer combined with chemical fertilizer application could optimize soil water and nutrients status, effectively regulate the photosynthetic performance and biomass distribution of soybean, and guarantee the sustainable increase of soybean yield.

  Four Initiators: Effects on the Initiation of Different Sugar Beet Seeds Liu Xiaohan, Wang Ronghua, Wang Weicheng, Liu Dali, Wu Zedong, Wang Maoqian 2021, 37 (33):  30-35.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0469 Abstract + ( 259 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF ( 1163KB )   ( 28 ) To determine the effect of different initiators on the initiation of different sugar beet seeds, and to provide a basis for screening sugar beet seed coating materials, in this study, four kinds of beet seeds were used as experimental materials, and four kinds of reagents were used to treat the seeds, and the germination energy, germination percentage, germination index and vigor index of beet seeds were determined. The results showed that compared with the control group, after the treatment, the germination energy of the four kinds of beet seeds after treatments were increased by 12%–17.67%, 0%–23%, 7.34%–22.34%, and 4.34%–10.00%, respectively; the germination percentage of the four kinds of sugar beet seeds were increased by -2.33%–9.67%, -5.00%–0.33%, -4.00%–-0.33%, -11.66%–4.00%, respectively, the germination index of the four kinds of beet seeds were increased by 6.56–13.27, -2.32–18.26, 9.12–23.72, 4.16–12.37, respectively, and the vigor index of the four kinds of beet seeds were increased by 95.45–172.92, 2.83–223.22, 106.93–324.93, 53.99–254.08, respectively. In conclusion, the four treatments have promoting effects on seed vigor index, but the same treatment has different triggering effects on different kinds of seeds.

  Relationship Between Elongation and Meteorological Factors in One Production Cycle of Sugarcane Wu Xuanke, Wang Renjun, Ma Dongchen, An Jiajun, Huang Wei, Liu Yongyu, Liu Zhiping, Yao Yuqun 2021, 37 (33):  36-40.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0018 Abstract + ( 437 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF ( 1130KB )   ( 33 ) Based on the growth and development observation data and main meteorological factors of sugarcane at the Shatang National Agricultural Meteorological Experimental Station in Liuzhou City from 2010 to 2012, the relationship between ten-day elongation of newly planted sugarcane, first-year ratoon sugarcane and second-year ratoon sugarcane and ten-day precipitation, ten-day average temperature and ten-day average sunshine hours was analyzed, and the correlation between ten-day elongation of sugarcane and meteorological factors was studied. The results showed that there was a good corresponding relationship between sugarcane elongation and ten-day precipitation. The ten-day elongation of sugarcane was high when the ten-day precipitation was large, which was consistent with the local precipitation law. Through correlation analysis, the meteorological water factor, precipitation, relative humidity and ten-day average water vapor pressure were significantly or very significantly positively correlated with the ten-day elongation of new planting sugarcane, first-year ratoon sugarcane and second-year ratoon sugarcane. There was a positive correlation between ten-day average temperature and ten-day elongation of newly planted sugarcane, but it was not significant. There was a significantly positive correlation between ten-day average temperature and ten-day elongation of the first year and the second year. The peak value of ten-day average sunshine hours corresponded to the low value of ten-day elongation. Through correlation analysis, the correlation between ten-day average sunshine hours and new planting sugarcane, first-year perennial sugarcane and second-year perennial sugarcane was not significant, indicating that water factor was the key meteorological factor to determine sugarcane height.

  Planting Densities and NPK Ratios: Effects on Sweet Potato Yield and Commodity Rate Li Pingfang, Wang Hongmei, Zhang Yanli, Wang Haitao, Wang Jianfeng, Guo Xiaoyun, Ding Weili, Yang Yufeng 2021, 37 (33):  41-49.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0163 Abstract + ( 456 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF ( 1422KB )   ( 39 ) The aim is to explore the effects of different planting densities and different ratios of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium on the yield and commodity rate of sweetpotato, in order to provide references for its high-quality and high-efficiency production. In 2019 and 2020, the new double-use sweetpotato variety ‘Zhenghong 23’ was used as the material, 7 density levels, 7 nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium ratio levels, and 49 treatment combinations were designed in the experiment. Results showed that the planting density significantly affected the yield and commodity rate of sweet potato. Along with the density increasing, the yield first increased and then decreased, and the commodity rate gradually decreased; the yield had an extremely and significantly positive correlation with the commodity rate, a significantly positive correlation with the number of potatoes per plant, and an extremely and significantly negative correlation with the fresh weight of shoots and leaves and shoot-to-root ratio. The commodity rate had an extremely and significantly positive correlation with the fresh weight of stems and leaves, the fresh weight of roots, the fresh weight of commodity tubers, the number of commodity tubers, the fresh weight of single commodity tuber and the number of tubers per plant, respectively, and an extremely and significantly negative correlation with the shoot-to-root ratio. The yield of 30,000 plants/hm 2was the lowest, followed by 75,000 plants/hm2, and the yield of 45,000 plants/hm2 was the highest, followed by 52,500 plants/hm2. Although the commodity rate gradually declined with the increase of density, it could reach more than 90% at a density level of 45,000 to 52,500plants/hm2. Different ratios of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium had extremely significant effects on yield and the commodity rate, N:P:K=1:1:2 had both the highest output and commodity rate, followed by N:P:K=0.8:0.8:2. A two-year experimental study showed that when the planting density of sweet potato was 45,000 -52,500 plants/hm2, and the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium was N(0.8-1):P(0.8-1):K(2), the yield was the highest, reaching 22611.41 -22933.57 kg/hm2, and the commodity rate was 90.40%-92.30%. Therefore, with the above density and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer ratio, sweet potato planting could obtain high yield and better commodity rate.

  Selection of Suitable Varieties of Winter Green Manure Crops in North China Zhao Qiu, Zhang Xinjian, Ning Xiaoguang 2021, 37 (33):  50-54.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0114 Abstract + ( 586 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF ( 1091KB )   ( 143 ) 20 winter green manure varieties were planted in spring maize area for two consecutive years to choose the suitable manure species for overwintering and turning green in north China, and the biomass and overwintering stability of green manure were used as the evaluation indicators. The results showed that hairy vetch, ryegrass, Orychophragmus violaceus and rye had better coverage before winter and turned green successfully after winter of two years with the biological yield of more than 3400 kg/hm 2, which were winter green manure crops that had earlier growth. The most suitable period for turning over was at the end of April, when Orychophragmus violaceus was at the full bloom stage, hairy vetch was at the initial bloom stage and ryegrass and rye were at booting stage.

  Screening and Evaluation of Spray Cut Chrysanthemum Cultivars Under Plastic Greenhouse Cultivation in Winter Xu Danbin, Guo Fangqi, Wu Chao, Ye Qiming, Ding Xiaoyu, Fu Manman, Zhou Qin 2021, 37 (33):  55-63.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0273 Abstract + ( 308 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF ( 1189KB )   ( 23 ) To explore the best cultivars of spray cut chrysanthemum for protected cultivation in winter in Zhejiang Province, taking 48 cultivars as the research materials, 17 agronomic traits were observed, measured and scored to analyze the effects of winter low temperature on the cultivars’ quality and agronomic traits, including growth indexes such as plant height, flower size and leaf size, and physiological indexes such as growth period and light sensitivity. The results showed that among the 48 cultivars, the cultivation effect of 28 could meet the market requirements. Under low temperature, the 28 cultivars had good growing status and best growth index and quality index. The study can provide a basis for winter cultivation of spray cut chrysanthemum.

  The Effect of Foliar Spray of Urea in Autumn on the Defoliation of Sweet Cherry in Hangzhou Zhang Chen, Xi Dujun, Luo Huifeng, Pei Jiabo, Huang Kangkang, Liu Hui 2021, 37 (33):  64-68.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0181 Abstract + ( 550 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF ( 1163KB )   ( 34 ) The study aims to screen out the suitable urea spraying concentration to assist the leaf falling of sweet cherry in south China, and formulate reasonable growth control measures for the planting and development of sweet cherry, thus provide a theoretical basis for achieving stable yield of sweet cherry. The five-year sweet cherry trees (Summit) were used as the experimental material, we studied the effect of different concentrations of urea on the fallen leaves of sweet cherry via single spraying or multiple spraying. The results revealed that the leaf falling was obviously after spraying urea, the amout of fallen leaves was the largest after single spraying of 5% urea. But the effect of leaf falling was the best by multiple spraying, under which, the trees had earlier and quicker leaf falling, at the same time its amount of fallen leaves was the largest. In addition, after the single spraying of 5% urea, the tree body had a higher recovery and utilization rate of N element, so that the total nitrogen content in the leaves in the next year was the highest and there were greater numbers of new branches. This paper suggests that, in late autumn in Hangzhou area, single spraying of 5% urea should be conducted on the sweet cherry to assist the leaf falling and promote the sweet cherry to its dormant period, in order to be conducive to nutrient recovery and storage.

  Effects of High Temperature and Strong Light on Fruit Growth of Red Cartridge Kiwifruits Chi Zaixiang, Zeng Xiaoshan, Li Xiuya, Long Ruyong, Song Ye, Zheng Guoyi 2021, 37 (33):  69-75.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2020-0662 Abstract + ( 220 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF ( 1678KB )   ( 34 ) In order to ascertain the effects of high temperature and strong light on the young fruit growth of red cartridge kiwifruit in early May 2020 in Guizhou, we selected the real-time meteorological data from 3 national meteorological stations and 19 township’s meteorological stations in the main planting areas of red cartridge kiwifruit in western Guizhou, including the daily average temperature, maximum temperature, sunshine duration and solar radiation in the process of high temperature and strong light, the effects of high temperature and strong light on the young fruit growth of red cartridge kiwifruit in western Guizhou were analyzed. The results showed that continuous high temperature and strong light led to serious sunburn of red cartridge kiwifruit from May 3 to 9. The highest sunburn rate of red cartridge kiwifruit was 33.3% in Duge base, and the second was more than 27% in Longhe base and Xinyao base, and third was more than 22% in the base of Faer, Aga, Miluo, Jichang and Yanjiao. During the fruit growth and development period of red cartridge kiwifruit, when the daily maximum temperature≥35℃, and the total solar radiation≥41 MJ/m2 or the sunshine duration≥10 hours last for 4 days or more, the fruit of red cartridge kiwifruit is prone to sunburn, and when the daily maximum temperature≥38℃, the total solar radiation≥41 MJ/m2or the sunshine duration≥11 hours last for 3 days or more, the fruit of red cartridge kiwifruit will definitely suffer from sunburn.

  Effects of Different Nitrogen Application Rates on Yield and Quality of Netted Melon Li Ting, Chen Yanli, Xu Chen, Yu Yueyue, Hu Xiaoyi, You Xuesong, Ha Xuejiao 2021, 37 (33):  76-82.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0115 Abstract + ( 205 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF ( 1209KB )   ( 29 ) To solve the problem of unreasonable nitrogen application of netted melon in protected cultivation, three nitrogen levels were set up: 0, 100, and 200 kg/hm2. By combining field investigation with laboratory index detection, plant height, stem diameter, leaf longitudinal and transverse diameter, fruiting node position were measured to compare the plant growth vigor. Leaf longitudinal and transverse diameter, leaf color, SPAD value and leaf nitrogen content of the top 3 leaves were measured at elongation stage, fruiting stage, reticulation stage and fruit ripening stage, and so were the yield and quality indicators. The results showed that the quality of netted melon was the best when the nitrogen application rate was 100 kg/hm 2, and the yield was slightly lower than that of 200 kg/hm2, but the commodity fruit rate was the highest. The leaf color, leaf longitudinal and transverse diameter and SPAD value of the top 3 leaves showed correlation with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer application rate. The response law of the top 3 leaves to nitrogen was preliminarily explored to guide field production.

  Effect of Tillage Methods on Interaction Relationship of Soil and Root Structure and Application of CT Technology Zheng Hongbing, Luo Yang, Li Ruiping, Sui Pengxiang, Wang Hao, Yuan Ye, Liu Wuren, Zheng Jinyu 2021, 37 (33):  83-87.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0302 Abstract + ( 153 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF ( 1209KB )   ( 26 ) Northeast China is a major grain production base in the country and has an essential role in ensuring the national food security. Rational soil structure can enhance crop root growth to form a sound basis for achieving high yield. Soil tillage can be a useful method for improving soil structure and enhancing root growth to build a “bridge” between soil structure and crop root, and regulate their function for improving soil structure and root growth. So, this paper reviewed the effect of tillage methods on soil structure and the relationship between soil structure and root structure, and analyzed the application of CT technology on soil structure and root structure. In addition, the scientific focuses of interaction relationship between soil structure and root structure were classified for protecting black soil in northeast China: (1) to study the original soil body and aggregate structure of conservative tillage clearly, classify the mechanism of new tillage technology on soil structure and analyze the internal mechanism of soil structure determining soil function; (2) to study the features of maize root structure under conservative tillage, classify mechanism of maize root physiology and aging, and reveal the response mechanism of maize to soil structure. The study can provide certain theoretical support for black soil conservation in northeast China, building better maize root structure, improving the crop yield and enhancing full mechanized agricultural production.

  The Fungi Community Structure and Influencing Factors in Tea Gardens Soil Wan Renyuan, Ma Huijie, Jiang Bin, Yang Liran, Zhou Dapeng, He Mingzhu, Yang Guangrong 2021, 37 (33):  88-97.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0015 Abstract + ( 289 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF ( 1670KB )   ( 48 ) The diversity of soil fungi communities is an important basis for evaluating the environmental quality and health of tea gardens. Soils from representative ancient tea mountain forests, modern tea gardens and ancient tea gardens were studied by using Illumina platform Hiseq 2500 high-throughput sequencing technology to analyze 18S rDNA of fungi. And combined with soil nutrient level analysis, we explored the correlation of soil fungi community diversity with nutrient status. The results show that the relative abundance of the five phyla of Ascomycetes, Basidiomycetes, Zygomycetes, Chytridiomycota and Glomeromycotina account for 97.17%-99.67% of the fungi community. Cryptococcus, Archaeorhizomyces and Mortierella are widely distributed in forest and tea garden soils. The diversity and abundance of soil fungi communities have significantly higher correlations with soil pH, C:N and Olsen-P than that of organic matter, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen and available potassium; the numbers and diversity of fungi in tea garden soil are better than that of forest soil; at the optimal classification level, the abundances of forest soil dominant communities such as Hannaella, Trichoderma, Alternaria, Herbrichiellaceae, Russula, Membranomyces, Gliocladiopsis, Penicillium, etc. are significantly and positively correlated with the ratio of carbon to nitrogen in soil. Tea garden soil dominant communities: Cryptococcus, Archaeorhizomyces, Fusarium, Exophiala, Mortierella and Metarhizium are significantly and positively correlated with soil pH, organic matter, alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen, available potassium and Olsen-P. This study reveals the close relationship between the plantation and cultivated age of tea plant, the soil pH of different tea mountains, and the nutrient status of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium with the fungi community structure and diversity of tea garden soils.

  Construction of Black Soil Quality Evaluation Index System in Heilongjiang Province Jiang Ning, Wang Bin, Xie Yonggang 2021, 37 (33):  98-104.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0207 Abstract + ( 361 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF ( 1260KB )   ( 50 ) Black soil has higher fertility and is suitable for agricultural cultivation. As the largest black soil province in China, due to soil erosion and long time high strength of overuse, Heilongjiang Province has the problems of black soil run off and fertility decline. The study established a black soil quality evaluation index system to improve the quality of black soil with different protective measures according to its quality grade. To embody the characteristics of black soil, taking representativeness and accessibility into consideration, the authors selected 4 first-class indexes and 23 second-class indexes to construct the black soil quality evaluation index system, then used the comprehensive evaluation index of black soil to determine the quality grade of various land use types. The results showed that the fist-class indexes of thickness of soil layer, soil nutrient, soil acidity and alkalinity and soil erosion, and the second-class indexes of thickness of black soil layer, organic matter content, total nitrogen content, total phosphorus content, soil pH were used to evaluate the situation of improvement and deterioration of black soil. Quality grade of black soil was determined according to the comprehensive evaluation index of black soil quality. Using this evaluation index system to track the change of black soil quality in Heilongjiang Province cloud provide certain references for the evaluation of protection measures and their implementation effect.

  Effects of Plastic Film Mulching on Soil Carbon Fixation Capacity and Fertility Level in Eastern Qinghai Yang Kai, Hu Qinglan, Wang Jingui 2021, 37 (33):  105-111.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0007 Abstract + ( 324 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF ( 1262KB )   ( 27 ) To explore the effect of single application of chemical fertilizer on soil carbon fixation capacity and soil fertility under plastic film mulching in eastern Qinghai, and provide a theoretical basis for the sustainable development of plastic film mulching cultivation mode in this area, the effects of single application of chemical fertilizer under film mulching on soil organic carbon (SOC), labile organic carbon (LOC), carbon pool management index (CMI), extractable humus carbon (CHE), humic acid carbon (CHA) and fulvic acid carbon (CFA) in the cultivated layer (0-20 cm) were studied in dryland maize field for three consecutive years. The results showed that SOC, LOC and CMI of the treatment group were lower than those of the open field control group; CHE, CHA and CFA increased with the increase of planting years, but the increase degree was generally less than that of the open field control. With the increase of planting years, by 2020, the LOC/SOC value of plastic film mulched soil decreased by 4.97%, while that of open field control increased by 1.11%; meanwhile, the organic carbon oxidation stability coefficient (KOS) of plastic film mulching group was higher than that of open field control; the CHA/CFA value and PQ value of soil were higher than that of open field control. Under the single fertilizer application, the continuous plastic film mulching cultivation mode could reduce soil carbon fixation capacity and and soil organic carbon tends to be stable, which is not conducive to biological utilization and could reduce the soil fertility and degrade the soil quality, causing adverse effects on the stability of crop yield and sustainable production in the long run．

  Interaction Analysis of Transcription Factors and Promoters and Its Application in Response of Plants to Stress Wang Xue, Wang Shenghao, Yu Bing 2021, 37 (33):  112-119.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0563 Abstract + ( 578 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF ( 1267KB )   ( 46 ) Transcription factors are important regulatory proteins that regulate gene expression. Transcription factors and the related cis-acting elements of promoters which bind to them both play the role of molecular switches in gene expression, therefore it is particularly important to explore the interaction of transcription factors with promoters. In order to study the regulation mechanism of transcription factors on downstream target genes when plants are subjected to stress, this paper summarized the main transcription factor families involved in stress, the identification of transcriptional activation activity of transcription factors, the interaction analysis technologies between transcription factors and promoters and their applications in plants’ response to stress, which could provide references for the comprehensive and in-depth study of the gene expression regulation mechanism of plants in response to stress.

  PUB Gene in Sugar Beet Response to Salt Stress: Bioinformatics Analysis Wang Shuang, Li Haiying 2021, 37 (33):  120-127.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0536 Abstract + ( 380 )   HTML ( 4 )   PDF ( 2465KB )   ( 30 ) The aim was to provide a theoretical basis for studying sugar beet U-box E3 ubiquitin ligases from the perspective of bioinformatics. The beet T710-Mu strain was used as the experimental material. The BvPUB gene (plant U-box gene) that was differentially expressed under salt stress was obtained from transcriptome data at the early stage, and bioinformatics methods was used to analyze these PUB genes. They mainly included physical and chemical properties analysis, chromosome localization analysis, gene sequence analysis, domain analysis, family classification analysis and interaction protein prediction. The results showed that the BvPUB genes was localized on all 9 chromosomes, and contained multiple conserved domains of PUB protein, such as U-box, Pkinase, Pkinase-Tyr, Usp, ARM and KAP domains, which could be divided into ClassⅡ, ClassⅢ, ClassⅣ according to structural characteristics of the Arabidopsis U-box family. Sugar beet PUB proteins could act as E3 ubiquitin ligases to interact with a variety of functional proteins to achieve ubiquitination modification. Plant PUB protein had E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, which played an important role in plant growth and development and resistance to environmental stress.

  Consumption of Processed Foods: Review and Outlook Wang Jiayou, Wang Yin, Xu Yang, Zhang Lei, Fang Wei 2021, 37 (33):  128-134.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0658 Abstract + ( 247 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF ( 1087KB )   ( 50 ) The paper aims to review the theoretical results about processed foods’ consumption at home and abroad. By literature review and comparative analysis, this paper summed up research results on processed foods’ consumption, summarized current international frontier classification standards of processed foods, sorted out the relationship between processed foods’ consumption and nutrition and health, concluded the research situation of the influencing factors of processed foods’ consumption, and analyzed the changing trend of processed foods consumption. The results show that at present, the research object of processed foods’ consumption at home and abroad is basically a certain foreign country or region, and the qualitative research method is mainly adopted, and the research on the evolution mechanism and path of the impact of processed foods’ consumption is insufficient. Future research could be carried out from the perspective of China, using empirical research methods, focusing on the evolution mechanism and path of the impact of trade opening on processed foods’ consumption, and exploring the construction of a theoretical analysis framework linking trade opening, processed foods’ consumption and nutrition and health.

  α-Linolenic Acid from Perilla Oil: Purification Effect Based on Molecular Distillation Technology Liu Ming, Tang Jiawen, Sha Shuang, Meng Jianxia, Cheng Li, Li Chongwei 2021, 37 (33):  135-141.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0130 Abstract + ( 214 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF ( 1307KB )   ( 24 ) In order to explore the purification feasibility of α-linolenic acid from perilla oil based on molecular distillation technology, based on screening the best extraction method of perilla oil, the effects of four factors of distillation temperature, distillation pressure, scraper speed and feed speed on purification of α-linolenic acid were studied. The results show that the supercritical CO2 extraction method is the best for perilla oil, and the primary factor affecting the purity of α-linolenic acid is distillation temperature, followed by distillation pressure, feed speed and scraper speed. The optimal purification process is as follows: distillation temperature of 220℃, distillation pressure of 0.07 mbar, scraper speed of 375 r/min, feed speed of 1.0 d/min, under this process condition, the purity of α-linolenic acid could reach 97.42%. This method significantly improves the purity of α-linolenic acid from perilla oil, and could lay a theoretical foundation for the research and utilization of highly purified α-linolenic acid.

  Research on Preparation of Artificial Antigen of Procymidone Hu Xiaofei, Xing Yunrui, Sun Yaning, Pang Xinghao, Wang Yao 2021, 37 (33):  142-147.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0017 Abstract + ( 227 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF ( 1263KB )   ( 25 ) To prepare the artificial antigen of procymidone, the succinic anhydride method was applied to modify the structure of procymidone, and the modified procymidone was coupled with bovine serum albumin (BSA) and ovalbumin (OVA) by 1-(3-Dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide (EDC) method to synthetize PCM-BSA and PCM-OVA. SDS-PAGE, UV scanning and animal immunization were used to identify the quality of artificial antigen of PCM. The results of SDS-PAGE and UV scanning showed that PCM was coupled with the carrier proteins successfully. The serum of mice immunized by PCM-BSA could react with PCM-OVA; the serum titer could be 1:6400. The PCM was applied as an inhibitor to prevent the reaction between serum and PCM-OVA. However, even the concentration of PCM reached to 256 µg/mL, there was no significant inhibition. When PCM was replaced by the prepared PCM-OVA solution, which could inhibit the reaction between serum and PCM-OVA coated on the microtiter plates, the 50% inhibition concentration (IC50) was 320 times diluted of the prepared PCM-OVA solution. In this study, PCM was coupled with carrier proteins successfully, but the serum sensitivity of mouse immunized with PCM artificial antigen was not high, which indicated that the benzene ring might be part of antigenic determinant of PCM. The epitope of PCM was destroyed during molecular modification by succinic anhydride, so this method was not suitable for the preparation of PCM artificial antigen.

  The Proportion of In-situ Remediation Integrated Technology of Water Quality Regulation in Tilapia Culture Pond Sun Xuanhui, Jiang Yongyi, Liu Wenting, Zheng Yao, Chen Jiazhang, Bing Xuwen 2021, 37 (33):  148-152.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2020-0740 Abstract + ( 282 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF ( 1203KB )   ( 30 ) The preliminary study showed that the integrated mode for water quality control, named as “5% water spinach (Ipomoea aquatica Forsk.) + 10% filler + algae splashing (Chlorella pyrenoidose)” is worth popularizing. To further verify the effect, the purification effect of different water spinach planting ratios on nitrogen and phosphorus in pond water was studied. Water quality indexes, such as TN (total nitrogen), NH3-N (ammonia nitrogen), TP (total phosphorus), CODMn (permanganate), TSS (total suspended solid), pH and DO (dissolved oxygen), were determined by setting the planting proportion of 5%, 8% and 10% of water spinach, the environmental and economic benefits were also evaluated. The results showed that the TN, NH3-N, TP, CODMn and TSS in tilapia pond were reduced to a certain extent by the cultivation of water spinach. The removal rates of TN and TP were 10%-15% and 20%-40% respectively. The 5% water spinach planting group also had the good removal effect on NH3-N and CODMn, and the economic benefit of this mode was good, which was suitable for application.

  Path Exploration of Financial Management Innovation of Agricultural Public Institutions Under the New Situation Zhang Haipeng, Zhao Dongtao, Yang Siqi, Wang Shuai, Song Wencheng 2021, 37 (33):  153-156.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0202 Abstract + ( 328 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF ( 1050KB )   ( 26 ) With the advancement of the reform of public institutions, the transformation of financial management mode, the implementation of “lead a thrifty life”, and etc., the financial work of agricultural institutions is facing new challenges. This paper analyzed main problems of the financial management under the new situation, explored countermeasures from the perspective of financial management innovation, including innovating financial management mode, establishing and improving internal control procedures, enhancing the implementation of the financial system, strengthening the construction of financial management team, so as to improve the service level and guarantee the ability of financial management, and promote the healthy development of agricultural public institutions.

  Sericulture Industry in Sichuan Province: Planning and Development Strategy Wang Xie, Li Yiran, Zeng Qiguo, Li Jingrui, Zhu Yuhong, Yang Qiao, Zhang Jianhua 2021, 37 (33):  157-164.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0665 Abstract + ( 283 )   HTML ( 4 )   PDF ( 1781KB )   ( 35 ) Sericulture is an important industry supporting the revitalization of mountainous villages in Sichuan Province. The purpose of this study is to promote the sustainable and high-quality development of sericulture industry in Sichuan. Taking the sericulture industry on the city scale as the research object, this study analyzes the four development elements of sericulture industry, which are development foundation, development potential energy, policy support and environmental capacity. In view of the contradiction that ‘the area of mulberry gardens in Sichuan Province has increased year by year in recent years, but the cocoon output and its proportion in the total output of the country gradually decreased’, five development types of sericulture industry on the city scale are determined by K-means clustering method. The results show that: Class I area, including 12 non-production areas such as Chengdu, has large environmental capacity, but its development foundation is weak, the production area is decreasing year by year, and the policy support is insufficient; Class II area, including one main production area Mianyang, has a good development foundation and strong policy support, but the environmental capacity is small and the production area is decreasing year by year; Class III area, including five general production areas such as Panzhihua, has a certain development foundation, large environmental capacity and sufficient potential energy, but the policy support is weak; Class IV area, including Liangshan Prefecture and Yibin, has excellent development foundation, sufficient potential energy, strong policy support, but small environmental capacity; Class V area, including one main production area Nanchong, has a good development foundation and strong policy support, but small environmental capacity and insufficient development potential energy. Based on the above research results, this study suggests that Class I should be gradually eliminated from the sericulture industry planning in Sichuan, Class II and Class V should stabilize the production area and strengthen the potential energy, Class III should strengthen policy support and guide planting, and Class IV should optimize the structural of the whole industrial chain.