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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2015, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (24): 122-127.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb15040192

所属专题： 小麦

• 农学 农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

内蒙古农牧交错区施氮量对燕麦饲草产量和饲用品质的影响

韩文元1,赵宝平1,任 鹏1,刘景辉1,赵萌莉2,王玉芬3,邹俊杰4   

  1. (1内蒙古农业大学农学院,呼和浩特 010019；2内蒙古农业大学生态环境学院,呼和浩特 010019；3内蒙古大学生命科学学院,呼和浩特 010021；4赤峰市林西县农业局,内蒙古赤峰 025250)
  • 收稿日期:2015-04-27 修回日期:2015-08-03 接受日期:2015-05-25 出版日期:2015-08-26 发布日期:2015-08-26
  • 通讯作者: 赵宝平
  • 基金资助:
    内蒙古自治区自然科学基金项目“不同水氮处理对饲用燕麦产量、品质形成和氮素生理机制的调控效应”(2012MS0310)；中国博士后科学基金项目“水旱条件下施氮对饲用燕麦产量、品质和氮素利用的调控效应”(2011M500548)；现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金资助“国家燕麦荞麦产业技术体系”(CARS-08)。

Effects of Nitrogen Application Amount on Oat Forage Yield and Feeding Quality in Farming Pastoral Zone in Inner Mongolia

Han Wenyuan1, Zhao Baoping1, Ren Peng1, Liu Jinghui1, Zhao Mengli2, Wang Yufen3, Zou Junjie4   

  1. (1Agronomy College, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010019;2College of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010019；3College of Life Science, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021; 4Linxi Agricultural Bureau of Chifeng City, Chifeng Inner Mongolia 025250)
  • Received:2015-04-27 Revised:2015-08-03 Accepted:2015-05-25 Online:2015-08-26 Published:2015-08-26

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摘要： 对比施氮量对饲草产量、品质的影响，为内蒙古农牧交错地区燕麦饲草增产提质提供理论依据。在旱作条件下对2个燕麦品种‘蒙燕1号’和‘8202’分别设低氮(30 kg/hm2)、中氮(90 kg/hm2)和高氮 (150 kg/hm2)3处理，比较其产量和品质。结果表明：施氮量显著影响2个燕麦品种饲草产量，‘蒙燕1号’在高氮处理下鲜、干产分别较其他处理增加8.42%~10.73%、9.30%~13.38%，显著高于低氮处理(P<0.05)，且分别较‘8202’高氮处理下增产17.58%、19.28%。2品种粗蛋白、粗脂肪含量随施氮量的增加而提高。‘8202’粗蛋白含量在高氮处理下较其他处理提高4.24%~14.14%，较高氮处理下‘蒙燕1号’提高29.85%；‘8202’高氮处理下粗脂肪产量较其他处理提高0.44%~6.43%，较‘蒙燕1号’提高6.94%，2品种粗蛋白、粗脂肪含量在高氮、中氮处理下差异不显著，却与低氮处理差异显著(P<0.05)。施氮后品种间草产量和品质有差异，若以草产量为目标，应选‘蒙燕1号’，施高氮，可获鲜草40891 kg/hm2，可获干草7801 kg/hm2；若以品质为目标，应选‘8202’，施中氮，整株粗蛋白、粗脂肪含量分别可达17.66%，2.88%，可获粗蛋白1080 kg/hm2，粗脂肪166 kg/hm2。

关键词: 植物, 植物, 单倍体, 染色体加倍, 技术研究, 应用进展

Abstract: In order to provide theoretical basis to the increase of the yield and quality of oat in Inner Mongolia farming pastoral zone, the effects of nitrogen application amount on forage yield and feeding quality were analyzed. Three levels of nitrogen fertilizer amount (30, 90 and 150 kg/hm2) were conducted with two oat cultivars (‘Mengyan1’ and ‘8202’) under dry farming condition. The results showed that nitrogen application amount significantly affected the forage yield of the two oat cultivars. Compared with the low N treatment, the fresh yield and dry yield of ‘Mengyan1’ significantly increased by 8.42%-10.73% and 9.30%-13.38% respectively under high N treatment (P<0.05), which were also 17.58% and 19.28% higher than that of ‘8202’ under high N treatment. The content of crude protein and crude fat of the two oat cultivars increased with the increase of N application amount. The crude protein of ‘8202’ under high N application amount was 4.24%-14.14% higher than that of the other treatments, and was 29.85% higher than that of ‘Mengyan1’ under high N application amount. The crude fat of ‘8202’ under high N application amount was 0.44%-6.43% higher than that of the other treatments, and was 6.94% higher than that of ‘Mengyan1’ under high N application amount. The differences of the content of crude protein and crude fat between high and middle N application amount were not significant, but they were significantly higher than that under low N treatments (P<0.05). There were some differences between the two oat cultivars on forage yield and quality after N treatment. If the target was high forage yield, ‘Mengyan1’ should be the choice, its fresh forage yield and hay yield were 40891 and 7801 kg/hm2 under high N treatment. If the target was high quality, ‘8202’ should be the choice, its crude protein and crude fat of the whole plant were 17.66% and 2.88%, which could reach 1080 and 166 kg/hm2, respectively.