Abstract: In order to seek soil carbon emission characteristics and its influencing factors in Datong Phragmites australis ecological wetland, soil respiration and related environmental factors in Huainan Datong Phragmites australis ecological wetland were measured by LI-8100, the automated soil CO2 flux system, from July 2011 to April 2012. At the same time, the corresponding point topsoil was brought back to determine 7 kinds of enzyme activity. The results indicated that: the diurnal variation of Phragmites australis wetland soil respiration showed an asymmetric single peak curve pattern, and seasonal change was significant (P<0.05). The maximum [(4.41±0.36) μmol/(m2?s)] appeared in July 2011, the minimum [(0.57±0.36) μmol/(m2?s)] appeared in January 2012. Through the partial correlation analysis to exclude other environment factors, the author found Phragmites australis wetland soil respiration was extremely significant correlation only with soil temperature of 10 cm (P<0.01), the exponential regression model could explain the soil respiration of 91.50%, and the effects of other environment factors were not significant (P>0.05). The stepwise regression showed that, Phragmites australis wetland soil respiration was significant correlation with phosphatase, cellulose and catalase (P<0.01), which could explain the soil respiration of 95.60%, but the relevance with urease, polyphenol-oxidase, protease or invertase was not remarkable (P>0.05). In conclude, the significant environment driving factor of Phragmites australis wetland soil respiration was the soil temperature, the effect of soil enzyme related to soil respiration was also extremely important.