Top Dressing of Nitrogen and Boron Fertilizer Affects Maize Grain Yield Under Anthesis Shading

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18090033

Abstract

Abstract:

Shading is the major limited factor for maize grain yield, and enhancing the shading tolerance of maize can contribute to the high grain yield and the anti-abiotic stress cultivation. An experiment was conducted using the maize cultivar ‘Suyu 29’ to investigate the effect of top dressing of nitrogen and boron fertilizer on plant morphology, biomass and grain yield under anthesis shading. The results showed that plant height, stem thickness, leaf area and biomass decreased under the shading condition, and the anthesis-silking interval was lengthened. Compared with shading treatment, top dressing of nitrogen and boron fertilizer in ear-bearing stage increased plant height, stem thickness, leaf area and dry matter accumulation, and the increase range reached the peak under nitrogen and boron fertilizer combination. Shading treatment increased bale length, decreased kernel number and weight, and the application of nitrogen and boron fertilizer alleviated the negative effects on bale length and kernel number. The grain yield under shading treatment with boron, nitrogen and both boron and nitrogen increased by 36.7%, 8.0% and 43.1% respectively. The biomass was influenced by the limited leaf area, and the reduction of grain yield was related to the lengthened bale length and the reduced kernel number and kernel weight. Top dressing with nitrogen and boron fertilizer in the ear-bearing stage can help to relieve the negative effects of shading during anthesis on grain yield of maize.

Key words: maize, shading, nitrogen fertilizer, boron fertilizer, yield, agronomic character

CLC Number:

S513

Cui Yakun, Kong Lingjie, Zheng Fei, Chen Yanping, Yuan Jianhua. Top Dressing of Nitrogen and Boron Fertilizer Affects Maize Grain Yield Under Anthesis Shading[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2020, 36(3): 36-39.

Figures/Tables 4

References 22

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处理	吐丝后8天			吐丝后40天
处理	株高/cm	茎粗/cm	叶面积/(cm²/株)	株高/cm	茎粗/cm	叶面积/(cm²/株)
T1	244.5a	1.99bc	8231a	256.6a	2.03bc	7999a
T2	228.6c	1.90c	7691b	241.6b	1.94c	7423b
T3	237.1abc	2.02b	8130a	252.0a	2.06b	7904a
T4	229.5bc	2.07b	7777b	243.0b	2.11b	7527b
T5	238.0ab	2.17a	8178a	253.0a	2.21a	7940a

处理	吐丝后8天			吐丝后40天
处理	株高/cm	茎粗/cm	叶面积/(cm²/株)	株高/cm	茎粗/cm	叶面积/(cm²/株)
T1	244.5a	1.99bc	8231a	256.6a	2.03bc	7999a
T2	228.6c	1.90c	7691b	241.6b	1.94c	7423b
T3	237.1abc	2.02b	8130a	252.0a	2.06b	7904a
T4	229.5bc	2.07b	7777b	243.0b	2.11b	7527b
T5	238.0ab	2.17a	8178a	253.0a	2.21a	7940a

处理	散粉期	吐丝期	雄穗分支/个	雄穗长度/cm
T1	2017/8/13	2017/8/15	13.3a	34.5a
T2	2017/8/14	2017/8/17	12.5a	34.0a
T3	2017/8/15	2017/8/18	13.3a	34.5a
T4	2017/8/14	2017/8/17	12.8a	34.0a
T5	2017/8/15	2017/8/18	13.5a	34.8a

处理	散粉期	吐丝期	雄穗分支/个	雄穗长度/cm
T1	2017/8/13	2017/8/15	13.3a	34.5a
T2	2017/8/14	2017/8/17	12.5a	34.0a
T3	2017/8/15	2017/8/18	13.3a	34.5a
T4	2017/8/14	2017/8/17	12.8a	34.0a
T5	2017/8/15	2017/8/18	13.5a	34.8a

处理	突尖长/cm	穗长/cm	穗粒数/(粒/穗)	百粒重/g	产量/(kg/hm²)
T1	0.2b	19.2a	520a	35.6a	9957a
T2	2.4a	16.8b	390d	31.5c	6605e
T3	0.8b	18.0ab	499ab	33.6b	9030c
T4	1.4ab	17.2b	427c	31.0c	7133d
T5	0.8b	18.1ab	495b	35.5a	9452b